I never liked photography. Not for the sake of photography. I like the object. I like the photographs when you hold them in your hand.~Robert Mapplethorpe
For some time, I have been questioning my love of photography. It seems an almost heretical thought to consider, given it’s what I do. Whether I call myself a photographer or a photographic artist, it’s what my life centres around. It has given my life purpose. And yet, I ask myself, do I love photography, or instead do I love what photography offers me? Is the act of photography nothing more than a means to an end rather than an end in itself?
Out of curiosity, I Googled the term “photography for photography’s sake,” a take on the classic “art for art’s sake” argument, a belief that art should exist independent of any utility. As expected, “photography for photography’s sake” means one makes photos because it is intrinsically rewarding and without regard for fame, popularity, or social media “likes.” Fair enough, those are all very poor and inadequate reasons for photography. Interestingly (and perhaps tellingly), no definition listed creativity or self-expression as possible outcomes of photography. Are those not much worthier reasons?
Whether I call myself a photographer or a photographic artist, it’s what my life centres around. It has given my life purpose. And yet, I ask myself, do I love photography, or instead do I love what photography offers me?
For years my wife and I have been planning a trip to Ireland. When the time comes, I plan on leaving the camera home. Aside from the burden of having to lug my equipment around, the photos I would make would be mostly superficial impressions of the Irish landscape. They would most likely be documentary in nature, objective representations of what I saw. How could they be anything but? I know nothing of Ireland other than what I’ve seen in photos.
It is clear that there is no classification of the Universe not being arbitrary and full of conjectures. The reason for this is very simple: we do not know what thing the universe is.~Jorge Luis Borges,
from The Analytical Language of John Wilkins
Inspiration comes in many forms. In this case, it was reading The Ongoing Moment by Geoff Dyer that provoked an idea. Dyer, right at the beginning of the book cites the Jorge Luis Borges short story called The Analytical Language of John Wilkins1. In that story, Borges describes different attempts to create a language that would define a classification of things by the nature of how the language is itself structured. John Wilkins (~1614 to 1672) was a natural philosopher, a founding member of the Royal Society of London, and eventually the Bishop of Chester2. He made an attempt to create a universal language and related system of measurements (similar to the metric system in being based on powers of 10). That is not, however, the focus of attention here. The extract relates to Borges’ description in the story of the Celestial Emporium of Benevolent Knowledge. This, he suggests, is a certain Chinese encyclopaedia in which it is written that the world of the animals can be classified as follows:
those that belong to the Emperor
embalmed ones
those that are trained
suckling pigs
mermaids
fabulous ones
stray dogs
those included in the present classification
those that tremble as if they were mad
innumerable ones
those drawn with a very fine camelhair brush
others
those that have just broken a flower vase
hose that, from a long way off, look like flies.
A perfect and all-encompassing classification (perhaps I will have to go back to Borges – I have never really been a fan of magic realism but his classification is wonderful in the literal sense of the word). The inspiration, of course, was then to think about how we might classify landscape photography in a similarly wonderful way. Indeed, it turns out that we can directly borrow the categories of the Celestial Emporium of Benevolent Knowledge, but some need a little modification. Here, then, is a first draft (with some commentary and a little judicious twists of meaning). As in the original, the classes overlap to some extent.
The inspiration, of course, was then to think about how we might classify landscape photography in a similarly wonderful way. Indeed, it turns out that we can directly borrow the categories of the Celestial Emporium of Benevolent Knowledge, but some need a little modification.
a) those taken by Ansel Adams
Ansel Adams (1902-1984) can surely be regarded as the emperor of influencers in landscape photography – at least for a certain period of the 20th Century. Emphasis on technique and “natural” landscapes (sparking a reaction in what came to be called the New Topographics movement) but providing a framework for educating photographers (particularly in his books on The Camera, The Negative and The Print, which are still in press in the 1995 editions revised by Robert Baker). Less convincing in colour. His influence persists today – at least for those working in (or imitating) monochrome large format.
b) those embalmed in museums
One definition of embalmed is the sense of being fixed for the foreseeable future. For photography that can be interpreted as prints that are being curated and stored under ideal conditions for their preservation (images stored on vulnerable digital media really do not come under this category). Such embalmed images include notably again Ansel Adams and other celebrated photographers in the collections of the Getty Museum in Los Angeles, the Museum of Modern Art in New York, and the Smithsonian American Art Museum in Washington. Other important permanent collections of historical landscape photography can be found at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London, the Musée de l’Élysée in Lausanne, and the Art Institute of Chicago. Ansel Adams actually produced what he called Museum Sets of some of his most popular prints, with the intention that they should be sold (at a discount) only to Museums or to buyers with a history of donating to Museums or Educational Institutions. These constraints were embodied in a contract that also applied to subsequent owners. Images from the photographers commissioned by the US Farm Security Administration in the 1930s (including Walker Evans, Dorothea Lange and Arthur Rothstein) are held in the Library of Congress (see (g) stray dogs below).
c) those that have trains
One of many sub-genres of landscape photography (see (l) below). Even if the train is the main object, rather than the landscape itself, if the train is not too prominent then the landscape might be of greater interest (to some of us) – though lighting and framing will be constrained by when and where a photogenic train (often with a steam locomotive) actually passes a location. Experience on the Settle to Carlisle line suggests that this sometimes involves the dangers caused by groups of fast moving cars on narrow roads as train photography enthusiasts try to get between prime locations faster than the train.
Landscape with train: A fleeting appearance of the sun coincided luckily on 21 May 2022 with the passage of the southbound Cumbrian Mountain Express hauled by 46115 Scots Guardsman on the approach to Ais Gill summit on the Settle-Carlisle line in Mallerstang. The distinctive mass of Wild Boar Fell dominates the scene; the train has just climbed up the shoulder of the fell along the Eden valley, which separates Wild Boar Fell from Mallerstang Edge. Photo by John Cooper-Smith (with permission).
Similarly applies to some other sub-genres, such as wildlife photography, though the subject is often much too prominent, and the landscape is ruined by being out of focus ….
d) suckling pigs (recipes)
There are, of course, many examples of mermaids with little or no clothing photographed in the landscape. Most examples tend not to show the fishy tail (although, rather peculiarly, photos of mermaids with fishy tails appear to have become a sub-genre of portrait photography for which there are also instructional videos on YouTube)
Suckling pigs are raised to be slaughtered and eaten young, for which there are a variety of recipes. The analogy here might be the many various recipes that are available on YouTube videos for improving your landscape photography. Just searching a couple of photoblog sites yields titles such as: How to Master Mood in Landscape Photography in Under 5 Minutes; The Only Rule You Need for Landscape Photography; The Six Pillars for a Good Landscape Photo; How To Get Stunning Light Each Daytime for Landscape Photography; How to get Great Landscape Photos in Dull Conditions; How to use a Wide Angle Lens for Landscape Photography; How to Shoot Landscape Panoramas with a Telephoto Lens; What is the Best Position for the Horizon in a Landscape Photo; or Six Practical Drone Tips to Get Better Landscape Photos. To be sampled critically (links not provided here … but you can always search on the title of course!).
e) mermaids
There are, of course, many examples of mermaids with little or no clothing photographed in the landscape. Most examples tend not to show the fishy tail (although, rather peculiarly, photos of mermaids with fishy tails appears to have become a sub-genre of portrait photography for which there are also instructional videos on YouTube). More generally, this class comprises of landscapes featuring nude bodies, a topic that has attracted many celebrated photographers including Edward and Brett Weston (1886-1958 and 1911-1993), Bill Brandt (1904-1983), and Jean-Loup Sieff (1933-2000). As with train and wildlife photography, this will often detract from the landscape, but in some cases, the light and shade on the forms of the nude become the landscape, as in the ultra-wide angle images of Bill Brandt.
The Mermaid as landscape: Bill Brandt, Baie des Anges, 1959
This has now been taken to extremes, of course, by the landscapes of Spencer Tunick (b.1967), featuring hundreds or even thousands of naked people, such as his images on the Aletsch Glacier taken in conjunction with a Greenpeace campaign about glacier loss3.
This is an important category. There are many fabulous landscape images in the sense of being excellent, but perhaps more interesting are those in the older definition of fabulous as imaginary. The use of imagination, of course, implies photographic Art, which might be interpreted in two senses: (i) there is the sense in which an image is post-processed to be unrecognizable from the scene that was before the camera (sky replacements, object removal, overuse of the saturation slider, or adding snow leopards into Himalayan landscapes4, etc); (ii) there is the sense in which the photographer wants to convey his image of the unseen characteristics of the object photographed (essence, metaphor, Borges’ magic realism, etc). We could say that this category, therefore, represents photography as performance (see also the comment on synthography under h).
g) stray dogs
Stray dogs perhaps appear more commonly in the genre of travel photography but, as with trains, can often have remarkable landscapes in the background (there are apparently over 9500 stray dog images on Getty Images and over 35000 on istockphoto.com). Some celebrated stray dog photographs are listed here5, including that of the Parc des Sceaux, Hauts-de-Seine, by Joseph Koudelka (b.1938) in 1987.
Joseph Koudelka, Parc des Sceaux, Hauts-de-Seine, 1987
h) those that are included in the present classification
This class is evidently self-reflexive. Considering the classes as sets, then in set theory, it is completed by class (l) below to include all landscape photographs ever taken and hence implying some redundancy (see under (j) below).
Those that are not included in the present classification should perhaps include the special category of “synthography” in which digital landscape images are created by computer programs that have gone feral given some descriptive text input6.
i) those that tremble as if they were mad
This class clearly refers to photographers who use intentional camera movements (ICM)7. Unintentional tremblings have in the past few years been greatly reduced by the implementation of in-camera and on-lens image stabilisation.
j) innumerable ones
This class has evidently grown dramatically in the age of digital and smart phones, now that everyone and his monkey can be considered to be a photographer. This has led to the production of innumerable redundant images in the sense of the philosopher Vilém Flusser8 (1920-1991), notably of course of sunrises and sunsets but with an unfortunate tendency for the landscape to be obscured by the photographer standing in front of it.
Selfie by Naruto the Monkey, obscuring the landscape but with nice bokeh 9
k) those spotted with a very fine camel hair brush
Many of you will not remember but this is a hark back to the pre-digital age when many hours were spent after sessions in the darkroom with brush and ink to obscure the effects of tiny dust spots and blank spots in the negative on the final print. This was an important (and time consuming) skill in producing exhibition quality monochrome prints.
Many of you will not remember but this is a hark back to the pre-digital age when many hours were spent after sessions in the darkroom with brush and ink to obscure the effects of tiny dust spots and blank spots in the negative on the final print.
a) others
This class clearly exists just in case we missed anything important. We can include here a number of sub-categories including:
those with swirly bokeh
those with a milky way in a blue sky and a foreground taken earlier
those with the sounds of cow bells
those with an aurora
those with Buachaille Etive Mòr
those on repeat
those that are panoramics
those with slot canyons
those with centred horizons
those with more than a rock
those with shipping forecasts
those on repeat
those with red-filtered black skies
those of rivers and sand bars taken from the air
those taken in subglacial caves
those with circular star trails
those with Aspen trees in autumn
those with red lava at dusk
those with hoar frost
those with a clump of wild flowers in the foreground
those with the rule of thirds
those that only exist on Instagram, immediately forgotten
those with trees in mist
those with the colours of Landmannalaugar
those with blurry water
those with resonance
those with the golden ratio
those with black Deadvlei trees
those where all the ice has melted
those with the descending call of curlews in spring
those that sell
those on repeat
m) those that have just broken a link with the real
With this category we have to be somewhat circumspect since it has been generally agreed in the discussions in On Landscape that no photograph can be considered as real (except in the sense of being a physical artifact). While some representations might be considered more real than others to the viewer (possibly even those synthographics generated by ignorant computer programs), perhaps we should say no more (but see the category of fabulous ones above).
n) those that from a long way off look like a photographic workshop
or multiple workshops gathered together in a classic location with photographers in serried ranks, tripod to tripod, all disappointed that the light is not as good as in the photos they have seen of the same location (e.g. Mesa Arch, Horsetail Falls, Jøkelsàlen, etc). Something best viewed from afar and avoided. Has been a major mechanism of relatively unknown places evolving into classic landscape photography locations, before the workshops move on to something new (from Iceland to Lofoten, to Greenland, to the Lencóis Maranhenses in Brazil, to …)
The Earth viewed from space: Spot all the photographic workshop groups
That seems to have covered just about everything but if you think that some other categories should be added, then please make suggestions in the comments.
My favourite place to photograph is the Fontainebleau Forest. From my first visit, I felt a strong bond and a natural attraction to it. A personal affinity as tangible as the imposing boulders that dot the landscape. I’m not happy to leave it, and when away, I find ease in knowing that I’ll soon be back there, which is also where home is.
Two decades of travelling and relocations and the consequential crescendo of an ever more abstract concept of “home” that built in my mind made such attachment with any place highly unlikely.
I never thought I would describe a place in such a way, to the exclusion of all other locations, known or unknown. Two decades of travelling and relocations and the consequential crescendo of an ever more abstract concept of “home” that built in my mind made such attachment with any place highly unlikely.
But where is home if not in our minds? And what is a voice, if not the loudest expression of one’s self? So, how can I profess such surprising fondness for a real place, which coexists inside and outside my mind, to suddenly wanting to call it “home”? I do so for the voices in my head.
Being there
I had no knowledge of the existence of this natural area before moving next to it following my girlfriend’s career change. The first time I stepped on the sandy terrain of the Fontainebleau forest and gazed around the scenery, I heard a whisper in my ears telling me where to go. A longing feeling for this unknown geography materialised in me. As my visits to the forest increased, I heard my instinct speaking to me through this voice more often. At times, I would just hear, "Go that way", "Stay here", or "Look harder". Over time, my need to spend more time in the forest increased, and I began to trust and follow this voice more.
It might seem odd to be reviewing a book which, self-evidently, is full of documentary photography, not landscapes. But this is no ordinary photo documentary book; its creator, Paul Wakefield, is unquestionably one of the world’s greatest landscape photographers. And for that reason, if no other, it is a compelling work for On Landscape readers.
I admit a strong personal interest. Paul and I met for the first time at a National Trust photographer’s social gathering in London in the early 1990s. I already had all his books, co-authored with Jan Morris, and was more than a little overawed to be speaking with someone whose work so inspired me. Oblivious to my nerves, Paul was keen to talk about his personal documentary work in India. He intended, he told me, to make it into a book.
I admit a strong personal interest. Paul and I met for the first time at a National Trust photographer’s social gathering in London in the early 1990s. I already had all his books, co-authored with Jan Morris, and was more than a little overawed to be speaking with someone whose work so inspired me.
I recall then that he didn’t really see this work as especially distinct from his landscape photography. His landscape work, his commercial work, his documentary work was in a sense, all personal. But in India, he did forgo his beloved 5x4 inch Ebony and shoot, as he explained then, with a mixture of Leica and Fujifilm 6x9 (fixed lens) cameras. No one I knew shot digital at the time, and his use of colour negative film was probably the biggest revelation.
Paul and I have met several times since, and the India work has come up occasionally in conversation. But it did seem as if, like many photography passion projects, this was one that might never see the light of day.
So it was with some surprise that we sat down to coffee together a couple of months ago, and he showed me the first copy off the press of Signs of Devotion, a body of work that started in the 1980s and was essentially completed by 2001, over twenty years ago.
Anyone who has his book, The Landscape, will know the standards Paul has set for design, printing, paper quality, and binding. If anything, Signs of Devotion perhaps surpasses it. The paper is an unusually heavyweight, textured (coated) stock, well-matched to the style of the images. He has a knack for finding special writers to work with, such as Jan Morris in his early books and Robert Macfarlane in The Landscape. Sara Wheeler’s beautiful essay opens Signs of Devotion, and combined with Shrivatsa Goswami’s excellent introduction, these written contributions raise expectations as we move into the photographs.
Yet, even so, the photographs exceed them. The precision and purpose of Paul’s pictures give his scenes and subjects the same significance and depth as a Renaissance painting. This analogy might seem odd, given that late 20th century India is a world away from 16th century Florence, Venice, or Flanders. But the curious, hazy softness and warmth of the light, presumably a combination of heat, dust and humidity, along with the dense fabric of his compositions, make this comparison unavoidable.
The precision and purpose of Paul’s pictures give his scenes and subjects the same significance and depth as a Renaissance painting. This analogy might seem odd, given that late 20th century India is a world away from 16th century Florence, Venice, or Flanders.
Photography and painting do have plenty in common, but the practitioner in each art has to know the particular strengths and limitations of their medium. Self-evidently, photography has to prioritise the unfolding reality in front of the camera. In Paul’s case, his sense of timing, space, and the choreography of figures remind us that he is, first and foremost (perhaps I would say this) a landscape artist.
Because he sees and thinks with a landscape photographer’s sense of positioning, perspective and eye for detail, these images have a richness and complexity that rewards the attentive viewer more than any other documentary photographs I have seen. Almost every picture seems packed with incident and detail, all of it observed, noted, included – framed – because it represents something of the essence of life on the street (as it mostly is) in India. The viewer can revel in the process of interpreting the story in each one as if approaching the end of a particularly engaging jigsaw puzzle.
It is often said that painting is an additive art (defined by what is put in) while photography is subtractive (defined by what is left out). Yet Signs of Devotion is filled with many images that seem defined by what is left in. However trivial or random small objects, shapes and surfaces might seem, in these compositions, they contribute to the whole. They are evidence that everything matters, that humanity and other animals exist in – and depend on – the incidental texture of everyday reality.
The work proves the importance of immersed observation. It is as if the photographer has become part of the place and the moment, lost in the daily tasks, duties, and often chaotic social interactions and events that make up the mystery of the Indian street. Some of the images defy our sense of what composition is, and yet they work due to their tension and balance (pp. 23, 28, 66). It is important to remember that although the work was completed some years ago, it represents hundreds or even thousands of hours on location with the camera.
For sure, he must have made thousands of photographs in India, and Paul’s final selection no doubt leaves out many more wonderful images. The final sequencing is understated and based on visual compatibility, which is sometimes geographically specific. For the most part, the viewer may draw their own story from the page pairing and the overall flow. I have been happy to browse through again and again, spotting previously unnoticed details or marvelling at the human stories that play out on the streets and riverbanks of India. Each photograph is worth spending time with. Some, pages 11, 19, 21, 45, 46, 52, 67, 78, 89, verge on the miraculous.
For sure, he must have made thousands of photographs in India, and Paul’s final selection no doubt leaves out many more wonderful images. The final sequencing is understated and based on visual compatibility, which is sometimes geographically specific.
Most photographers have more than a passing interest in method and technique, but when that method is almost completely invisible because the images are so absorbing, then that is the greatest technique of all. It’s tempting to comment on Paul’s understanding of the colour characteristics of negative film and the visual consistency of limiting his approach to a couple of lenses at most, but really, none of that seems to matter.
What does matter is the sense of time, or perhaps, an absence of it. Sara Wheeler’s essay is entitled, a Hand to Catch Time, an idea echoed in the orange hand print that fills the page before the photographs begin. There are dates on all of the photographs in the excellent catalogue pages at the back of the book, but there is little to indicate that the date was 1992…or 1892…or possibly 2092? This must be an illusion… a local would notice changes that have happened, clothing and transportation, for example. But surely many of the scenes, and especially the rituals observed, were the same five hundred years before and, with luck, will be in another five hundred years. As with all photography, Paul’s Leica may indeed have caught a specific moment in time, but somehow, the images defy time’s gravity.
The work is so compelling that we are left wanting to know more. I was lucky to have Paul talk me through the background to a few, but he has left the captions in the catalogue very simple, just place and year date only. Such minimalism leaves much to the imagination. But it would also be good to know more of the circumstances behind each image. Or perhaps some of them, anyway.
I have only been to India once, in 2010, and then to Ladakh, that Himalayan stronghold in the far north of this gigantic country. It probably isn’t typical of India and so I came to this book with little personal history, insight, or preconception of what to expect. Reading the excellent introductory essays and, above all, having feasted on the images has helped me feel I have made an inner journey there.
I’d like to finish by quoting from Shrivatsa Goswami’s final passage in the book itself:
Paul Wakefield has properly walked upon this path of seeing. He has seen the vast field of Indian rites as they are. His eye behind the camera has received, rather than imposed itself on the seen. His absence allows the seen-scene to fill the frame. He has immersed himself in this cultural space. His devotion to untainted truth and beauty makes it possible for ordinary moments to speak for the extraordinary. His pictures depict life as it is; from courtyards to market lanes, animals to trees, temples to festivals. Paul has allowed his seen subjects to speak for themselves.
I wish I’d written that!
Paul’s book is available on his website. It is, naturally, highly recommended!
There is often an ancillary to being a committed coast hugger. Whilst living in fiery southern England, access to the stretch of coast I explored was usually through the New Forest. Often, there was light streaming through the chaos of the trees and bracken, and so, rather than heading straight through, I started to stop and consequently concentrated on the forest itself. Soon, there was a project. The New Forest is an extremely popular place for visitors throughout the year, especially so during daylight hours in summer. Through the project, I wanted to show how the forest looked outside of those times and perhaps provide a motivation for other photographers to engage with an environment in their own personal way.
It is fair to say that much has been said about getting to know your part of the landscape, which is invaluable in terms of accessing and recording the change or nature of light and the way the land evolves. Such was my first engagement with Forvie in Aberdeenshire. Initially, it was the beach, the sea and how, in the winter months, the sea and sky merge within the same colour palette. That sense of peace and of losing yourself in the landscape and the photography process.
To get to the Forvie coast, there is a need to trek/hike/yomp (I call it a trek, but my partner says it is a mild stroll) through the sand dunes. I was used to a few dunes when living on the south coast, but these were something else. The Sands of Forvie are part of the Forvie National Nature Reserve, which covers almost a thousand hectares of sand dunes and dune heath between the North Sea and River Ythan estuary.
The Sands of Forvie are part of the Forvie National Nature Reserve, which covers almost a thousand hectares of sand dunes and dune heath between the North Sea and River Ythan estuary.
The dunes are highly mobile - the fifth largest sand dune system in Britain - and can reach up to twenty metres in height.
During the past five years, there has been an extensive engagement with these dunes and I have made many photographs of the textures, the abstracts and of the dune system.
The first engagement was in late January and was mostly about recording the dune system in context by making wider images with the sea as background and some sunset sky. There was also the attraction of recent frost, causing the dunes to look as though covered by an icing sugar coating with a strong sun, allowing a variety of textures with shadow lines like mini fantasy worlds. It was wonderful - the curves of sand lines leading to the dune tops with a small cloudscape accompanied by images of an abstract nature of the sand patterns and the effect of the frost alongside the relationship with the grasses. Well, it was all very enjoyable being out next to the coast in the fresh Aberdeenshire weather, and something obviously had happened. I wanted to return and although there were no project ideas at that time, I felt that it had to be in frosty conditions and to immerse myself in a relatively small area of the dune system.
I returned a year later due to the frosty conditions and although they were a few dune portraits, they did not have the sea as background - they were isolated against cloudy skies. I began to take more and more abstract images as though as if from a panoramic view of an Arabian landscape. The strong sunlight really helped, as did the strong winds of the previous days that had swept away any footprints and provided excellent ripples. This sort of approach continued into the next year with more and more concentration on abstracts and forms.
In 2022, there was a different shift in my approach. During a second visit in March, I thought could I make a coherent project from just a day's visit with images being part of a wider body of work? From that single day, I made a small monochrome project called March Days (March as, well, that was the month and March as in the route March takes to get to the dunes…), and a subsequent book was printed.
By then, there was a driving force to return to see if work might be made within these types of constraints. January Days was a second body of monochrome work bringing together dune portraits, textures, forms and abstracts divided into crest, deep, flow, frost, grass and ripple.
By then, there was a driving force to return to see if work might be made within these types of constraints. January Days was a second body of monochrome work bringing together dune portraits, textures, forms and abstracts divided into crest, deep, flow, frost, grass and ripple. A further small book was published. This approach has continued to the present day. In the middle part of the year, much of the dune system is fenced off for protection of bird breeding sites, but my work is always concentrated away from those in a very small part of the dunes.
There is something special about losing yourself in the photographic process, trying to create a series of works within a tight time and geographical constraints. On reflection, it is the way that I work within my projects, although never intentionally.
A visit is best after a good wind-bound day and ideally frosty conditions, and there is no need for the so-called golden hours as I have and continue to make work in the bright, cloudless midday sunshine with the consequence of wonderful textures and shadows.
In 2018, my wife and I vacationed in northern England. Still fairly new to landscape photography, I brought my camera gear and a desire to shoot outside our home region of Atlantic Canada. I was also determined to visit the Joe Cornish Gallery in Northallerton, Joe Cornish being one of the few British photographers of whom I’d then heard. I was, of course, delighted to see prints of his work and also to find prints by American Charles Cramer, another early favourite of mine.
Browsing the gallery’s other offerings, I was suddenly arrested by a powerful winter scene: lodged in the snow, an explosive tangle of bare, stunted birch trees dominate the foreground; more birch retreat into the distance. At the horizon, a pink evening glow might be the Belt of Venus. Gosh, this could almost be a Canadian winter scene – except where I live, we don’t have that splendidly gnarly type of birch.
What first drew me to Lizzie Shepherd’s Arctic birches at sunset, Lake Tornetrask, were its lovely muted colours. Winter in northern regions is sufficiently devoid of strong colour that we’re tempted to revert to monochrome. (A splendid example, Lizzie Shepherd’s Snow Lines, forms the subject of Rachael Talibart’s “End Frame” essay in issue 226.) Colour is essential here, however, and the overall scene is rendered in cold, calm pastels: blue-white for the snow, just slightly bluer for the evening sky, and delicate pinks for the distant, sunkissed mountains. (Yes, that’s not Venus’ belt but snow-capped mountains, likely on the far side of Sweden’s Lake Torneträsk.)
Delicate colours, then: bright, frigid, and still. The birches, however, riot against this stillness, their twist-ed limbs writhe in strongly contrasting patches of blue-white and black; and the more distant mass of birch draw a fuzzy grey band below the pink and blue mountains.
I think it’s fair to say that only a handful of people consistently take great photographs of the mountains in the UK. For one, the act of getting up into the mountains isn’t trivial. For an additional hurdle, if you want all season coverage, getting up into the mountains in winter is a hard and potentially dangerous activity.
Once you’ve filtered for the people who can do this regularly, you need to filter them down even further on the ability to take great photographs. The biggest difference between roadside1 and mountain photography is that if you want to recompose a picture, instead of walking around your subject for a few minutes, you need to climb up and down cliffs and potentially try to find another mountain to ascend to get a different view. This means a great deal of planning in advance if you want to be in the right place.
[1] if you want an arbitrary definition, anything less than a km from the car
Finally, once we’ve filtered down to people who can do this, we then get to the point where we’re looking for people who are willing to commit to a multi-year project to amass a body of work on an area and to build this into an engaging book.
Finally, once we’ve filtered down to people who can do this, we then get to the point where we’re looking for people who are willing to commit to a multi-year project to amass a body of work on an area and to build this into an engaging book.
I reckon that means there’s maybe 10 photographers in the UK capable of committing to this and it’s not surprise that only one or two follow it up long enough actually to produce a book.
So, we should be grateful to Alex for the persistence, vision and skill to get to this point. And that’s before even considering the book!!
The Project
So before taking a look at the book, what is it about. The Great Wilderness sounds like it’s a secret hideaway in the depths of the Himalayas, a place that takes a backcountry flight to get close to and then multiple kayak portages to arrive at the base of a hidden glacier below imposing mountains. Well, it’s probably as close as you’ll get to this in Scotland and the alternative book name would have been “The Fisherfield Forest” which suggests an old growth Canadian boreal forest in the depths of the Yukon, which is equally misleading when, in fact, it’s a mostly treeless region of bog and remote mountains on the West coast of Scotland. For those a little familiar with the Highlands, it spans the area between Loch Maree and An Teallach/Loch Broom.
I asked Alex why he chose to follow up the Northwest book with this particular area
And there is so much on offer in the area. It’s one of the most geologically interesting places in Scotland, with some of the oldest rocks in the world. It also has some of the oldest pinewood forests in the area around Loch Maree, internationally recognised by UNSECO
“The natural progression from ‘Northwest’ seemed to simply be ‘West’. So during the first lockdown summer, I headed to Kintail for a few days. It's a wonderful mountain area, and I enjoyed some great weather too, but it was clear after that first hike that there was less photographic potential. The more continuous ridges in much of the highlands might be great if you want to bag multiple summits in a day, but it places restrictions on the views from the tops and restricts early and late light from getting into the valleys.
The following week I was running a workshop in Fisherfield and realised just how much potential there was that I hadn't really delivered upon in Northwest. That autumn I planned a trip hiking in the Dundonnel area that went brilliantly, and that sealed the deal.”
And there is so much on offer in the area. It’s one of the most geologically interesting places in Scotland, with some of the oldest rocks in the world. It also has some of the oldest pinewood forests in the area around Loch Maree, internationally recognised by UNSECO.
Alex has divided the book into four main sections covering An-Teallach, Fisherfield 6, Letterewe and finally Loch Maree. Each section has a map, an introduction and there are four essays spread throughout detailing some of Alex’s experiences creating the pictures for the book.
There are also some visually engaging maps of the area that are art works in themselves. Exploring them is like looking for treasure on a old pirate map and in the following pages, treasyre is exactly what we get. Here’s a sample of the map from the An-Teallach area.
I think you’ll agree that a wandering eye on this feels more organic than the equivalent Ordnance Survey map.
The Book
I won’t say a lot about the quality of the book beyond the fact that you won’t get much better. The printing is amazing, the cloth-wrapped hardcover with the embossed lettering and graphics is superb, the paper is thick with a subtle silk sheen, and the binding is tight without hindering the view of the double-page spread panoramas included. Check the photos if you want to see more.
I’ll admit my involvement to some small degree during the printing phase of the book process. Alex and I both print books at Johnson’s of Nantwich, a fabulous small print company that have been very helpful in allowing us to work on press and also to experiment some with the way that the files are prepared for the book, the proofs printed and to see how the final book folios come off press, allowing us to tweak the colours as things are printing.
If you’ve ever printed a book, I think you will probably have encountered the occasional problem, and a company is made or broken by its attitude to how these can be avoided, fixed or circumvented in a different manner. Our experiences have been no different (with multiple printers) and Johnson’s allowed Alex and I to try different methods to achieve the best printing results. Whilst not perfect (no litho print process is - although with the very knowledgeable press manager Matt gets it close) it has meant that the printed images are very, very close to the digital files I can see in Indesign.
The success of printing is a balance between never being happy with how good things are going so that you keep on trying to get things better and having a pragmatic approach where you can see the big picture. Between myself and Alex I think we hit a decent balance (he’s the perfectionist by the way!).
I asked Alex if he learned anything while creating his second book project and if he had any advice.
“As far as starting out goes, a project like this is incredibly daunting. So its best just to start and see where you get without tying yourself down to specific goals. Initially I did a few trips with the vague idea that this would be my next book and made 30 or so images that I felt were publishable. Only a handful of those images ended up in the book, but it nevertheless gave me some momentum. If I’d used the kind of specific planning approach, I eventually employed right from the outset it would have been much more difficult to get going and far less enjoyable. So start small and perhaps start with a Zine - it’s a brilliant format to share work and with a small digital (not litho) print you can keep costs down too (not least because case binding a hardback book is about half of the cost!)
As for the design and organisation, I know of a few people who are far more qualified to talk on the subject (Sandra Bartocha springs to mind)! But I do think it is important to make design choices that are personal to you. In many ways, the design of the book is as boring as it gets! Photographs are simply presented, generally full bleed or with even borders on each side because I don’t want viewers get distracted by an unusual ‘designer’ layout. There are no blank pages for “breathing space” – I find that annoying! The paper is a high quality, but still fairly standard 200gsm silk paper so you don’t notice the paper either. But I’ve pushed the boat out in other respects. I’ve gone with a green cloth cover because I just got bored of all these neutral tones we tend to see on the covers of photography books (and I loved this particular book cloth). I also tested the cloth quite extensively to make sure it didn’t mark easily, something that has bothered me about other books in the past that only look smart when they are new! I also both embossed and foiled the cover, which adds an extra process to the production and adds a fair chunk to the cost, but to me that kind of thing builds a bit of curiosity and excitement to open the book in the first place.”
The Photographs
As much as all the binding, paper, maps, essays, graphic design and the likes are very interesting and a key component of a successful book, its the pictures that we’re here for really. If they don’t live up to expectations or are repetitive or if there are too many ‘fillers’ then we won’t be fully satisfied.
Fortunately, and not unexpectedly with Alex, the images are all excellent. There are some absolute standouts (the selection of which will probably be different depending on your tastes) but there are also a breadth of subject and place that gives an organic sense of place.
Fortunately, and not unexpectedly with Alex, the images are all excellent. There are some absolute standouts (the selection of which will probably be different depending on your tastes - see a few of mine below) but there are also a breadth of subject and place that gives an organic sense of place. Nearly every image is a long view of some sort (Alex doesn’t add lots of intimate details, so you’ll have to get that kick from the foreground interest) but the compositions are such that you can feel you’ve actually walked alongside Alex in some way.
One of the pleasing sections for me reflects well on Alex’s environmental credentials. Despite spending time photographing the amazing islands of Loch Maree, he has chosen not to tell that undoubtedly interesting story because to do so might draw too much attention to a very delicate environment. He’s absolutely right to do so, as there have only recently been devastating fires from camping on one of the main islands, with locals spending multiple days trying to put them out. I hope some of this delicate approach rubs off on the book’s readers.
Everybody will have their own favourite photographs from the book, and I'm no exception, so I asked Alex if I could include a few of my favourites, without spoiling some of the surprise for if you buy the book! So here's a couple and there are a few more in the gallery at the bottom.
Conclusion
I think it’s fairly obvious that I really like the book. Alex has hit publishing gold again with “The Great Wilderness”, a visual feast delivered from the most remote mountain area in Scotland. I spent my own money buying a copy (I know the margins on books like this, so I’ll always buy if I can) and don’t regret a penny. It epitomises much of what I like about photography, and photography books in general. I also reminds me so much of why I moved to the Highlands.
If you’re a photographer and love grand landscapes and mountains, then look no further for your next book, and if you don’t have Alex’s first book (NorthWest), I’d keep an eye on those second-hand websites! Highly recommended! (and it will sell out!).
Go and buy the book direct from Alex’s website - give him something to do while he’s helping nurse the baby!
My final question to Alex was “what’s next?”
“The worst thing about finishing 'Northwest' was giving myself a one-year break from projects, which actually manifested as a purposeless creative vacuum, so I won't make that mistake again! Torridon is next, and I plan to almost exactly duplicate the format and design for that book. I think some people will see this as a little repetitive, just going over old ground (literally) that I covered in the last book. But I have realised that if there is anything that sets me apart as a photographer, its a determination and level of obsession which ultimately allows me to produce work that few others would be willing to commit to. I already have some images under my belt, but it will be a few years at least before that book emerges, and perhaps more once the full implications of raising a child hit home!”
And finally, keep an eye out for a new podcast feature in the New Year with Joe Cornish where Alex will be our first guest!
In this issue, we talk to Mark James Ford and feature some of his photography. I say some, as Mark has a diverse portfolio that includes panoramas, landscapes, flora, fauna and astrophotography. We’re concentrating on the abstract and macro, but you’ll find links to explore his other work in our feature. Mark has had a long standing interest in photography and a foot firmly in both art and science. Now living in Germany, he has access to some special places that motivate him beyond the local that the universality of macro can sometimes suggest through its removal of context.
Would you like to start by telling readers a little about yourself – where you grew up, what your early interests were, and what you went on to do? How did photography come into your life and what were your early images of, or about?
I was born in a suburb of Birmingham, England, in 1963 and grew up on the outer edge of a satellite town. In the one direction, school and everything to do with urban life; in the other, fields, woods, and a wonderful view across Staffordshire to the distant spires of Lichfield Cathedral some 15km away. Spending much of my free time - from an age where I was allowed to venture unattended and through my teenage years - in this semi-rural environment, I was exposed to and developed an appreciation of Nature and the changing of the seasons.
I have always been very creative. Between the ages of twelve to sixteen I spent many hours almost every evening in the school in an informal group that did nothing but draw, sketch, and paint exploring and developing ideas and methods continuously. I will be forever grateful to the teacher who gave us this opportunity and pushed us ever harder to understand what we were doing and why, and who was able to enthuse us so effectively. During this period, actually, at the age of twelve, I drew a series of 6 pictures of a single rose as it opened, matured, and eventually died. A process which mesmerised me completely and which introduced me to the idea of the ‘Beautiful Death’. This idea we pursued many times with other natural objects. It should probably then be no surprise that this aspect of Beauty has stayed with me all of my life, ultimately manifesting itself in my love of Autumn.
This interest in everything that is around me - what I see, what I can’t see, and what lies behind the beauty that is the natural world - led to a passion for the sciences and particularly chemistry, which I think is the most creative science. Unusually I guess, I pursued chemistry with just an equal passion as fine art, combining the two when, between the ages of 17-18, I was allowed to use a fully kitted out dark room (photography was not on the school curriculum). Teaching myself, I photographed and developed black and white film learning as many development techniques as I could and the actual meaning and execution of processes like ‘dodge,’ ‘burn’ and ‘mask’. The images themselves were, in retrospect, naive and immature, but sometimes the seeds of future work could be seen in pictures that did little more than show a simple structure or shape (man-made or natural) or a lone tree.
Black oak branches in winter, Yosemite Valley, Yosemite National Park, California 1994
The majority of photographs are representations of the external events in the world about us; what emotional response is evoked arises from the subject itself. But art, I believe, is most concerned with the internal event; the incredible spiritual and emotional insight and enlightenment generated within us, the deeper penetration of meaning and the ability to communicate to others what we experience and what we create… it begins with some external event. What we do with the external events, through this distillation of the internal event mechanisms, comprises what we, as photographers, present to the world as art.~Ansel Adams
My long journey, living in and next to Yosemite over four decades, has been a joyous one. Reading Ansel's words quoted above helped me reflect on my outward journey in this Sierra landscape that launched my photographic life, a life that gave me an expressive outlet for my internal emotions.
I came here as a young man "to climb these mountains and get their good tidings," as John Muir famously wrote. I spent most of my free time in the high country, away from the crowds. I surveyed topographic maps to find unique perspectives, mostly away from well-traveled trails. Working for the National Park Service, I had one night to backpack in and back out the next day, so these were hardly the epic treks into the wilderness of any legendary status. However, with each exploration out there, I came back with a deeper affinity for the landscape.
Cottonwood Bark, Yosemite Valley, Yosemite National Park, California 1986
The sum of those early wilderness experiences led me to learn where I needed to be and where I was happiest. I had found Home. My photography developed out of those adventures in three national parks, first for two summers in Glacier National and in North Cascades National Park, and then in early Yosemite years. In Yosemite, I delivered my rolls of film to The Ansel Adams Gallery, where my film was sent off for development. And then, a week or so later, I'd return to pick up the developed slides and drop off more film. The anticipation to see if I had made images that reflected my experience was an exquisite combination of part thrill and part dread.
My visits to The Ansel Adams Gallery were educational and inspirational. I knew very little about Ansel Adams back then, except that my college Photo 101 prof didn't like his work. He didn't like colour photography much, either. But on those gallery walls, Ansel's prints glowed, revealing the magic of this landscape, and showed me the potential Yosemite offered me. A few years later, I joined the gallery as the resident photographer.
I learned many technical aspects of making photographs. More significantly, I learned to translate my emotional connections to my subjects through the craft I was learning, discovering "the deeper penetration of meaning and the ability to communicate to others what we experience and what we create," as Ansel put it.
Cottonwood leaves and cloud reflections, Merced River, Yosemite National Park, California 2013
On the day I started work in May 1980, I was transformed from an NPS labourer into a professional photographer. While working at the gallery, I began teaching photography and also served as exhibit curator. I learned many technical aspects of making photographs. More significantly, I learned to translate my emotional connections to my subjects through the craft I was learning, discovering "the deeper penetration of meaning and the ability to communicate to others what we experience and what we create," as Ansel put it.
I had the opportunity to listen to many world-renowned photographers talk about their images during the Ansel Adams workshops: Jerry Uelsmann, Ernst Hass, Joel Meyerowitz, Ruth Bernhardt, Paul Caponigro, Richard Misrach, Robert Glenn Ketchum, John Sexton, and Alan Ross, to mention a few. A recurring theme, encouraged by the instructors, was to push past ordinary ways to make images, to blaze one's own path, and to do so with the highest possible quality. Every one of those photographers had their own approach to supporting themselves as artists, using their business approaches to allow themselves to survive as artists and flourish creatively.
Reflections at Young Lakes, Yosemite National Park, California 1977
On one of my first hikes in Yosemite's backcountry in 1977, I visited a wonderous string of lakes near the Sierra Crest. Rising at dawn, I circled the shoreline in search of compositions. Once the sun broke over the high ridgeline above, I was enchanted by the nearly perfect reflections and light skimming across the talus and cliffs across the lake. Even so early in my creative development, I sought out detailed or abstract landscapes like this alpine lake reflection. I didn't have the words or understanding of why, but my instincts were in the right place, avoiding the greater context, the postcard view.
Even so early in my creative development, I sought out detailed or abstract landscapes like this alpine lake reflection. I didn't have the words or understanding of why, but my instincts were in the right place, avoiding the greater context, the postcard view.
Corn Lilies, Crane Flat Meadow, Yosemite National Park, California 1986
Horsetail Fall 2023
My book includes 23 Black and White photographs. Although I can't resist making dramatic "Anselesque" images when Yosemite presents the opportunity, I lean towards these quieter moments composed on a smaller scale.
My book includes 23 Black and White photographs. Although I can't resist making dramatic "Anselesque" images when Yosemite presents the opportunity, I lean towards these quieter moments composed on a smaller scale. As an example of a subtler image, I’m sharing a high-key rendition of corn lily leaves that reveal a wonderful graphical grace and a glowing sense of light
As an example of a subtler image, I’m sharing a high-key rendition of corn lily leaves that reveal a wonderful graphical grace and a glowing sense of light. But in a nod to Ansel and his influences on me, my waterfall photograph conveys the magic and drama one can often find in Yosemite Valley.
The thrill of such moments hasn't diminished for me. Whether seeing this misty meadow, the lacey texture of waterfall spray, the glint of Sierra sunlight on granite, or the tapestries of an evening forest, Yosemite has delivered a transcendent experience to me.
My journey out into nature so long ago, finding Home in Yosemite, nurtured in sanctuary, helped me look within and be confident that my vision was worthy and worth sharing.
There and back again.
William Neill
I was suddenly arrested in the long crunching path up the ridge by an exceedingly pointed awareness of the light. The moment I paused, the full impact of the mood was upon me; I saw more clearly than I have ever seen before or since the minute detail of the grasses ...the small flotsam of the forest, the motion of the high clouds streaming above the peaks... I dreamed that for a moment time stood quietly, and the vision became but the shadow of an infinitely greater world -- and I had within the grasp of consciousness a transcendental experience.~Ansel Adams
One of the joys of hosting a photography podcast is exposure to so many incredible photographers. At the end of every podcast episode, I ask my guests to recommend other photographers who inspire them. Through this one question, I’ve discovered that there is an immense, nearly endless pool of talent in this community we call nature photography, and that is so incredibly exciting! Through the past year, one name has consistently been shared when I ask this single question - Michael DiMeola. Upon first inspection of Michael’s work, one is struck by the simplicity and consistency of his images.
This article concerns my long-lasting love affair with a wild meadow next to where I live.
Church Meadow lies next to the River Brett in Suffolk. The river meanders through the mid Suffolk countryside, past unspoilt medieval wool villages like Kettlebaston, Chelsworth & Kersey before joining the River Stour on the Essex border in ‘Constable Country’. The river is bordered along much of its route by water meadows.
Meadows like this have been retained over the centuries as a defensive flood measure. They have the capacity to accommodate flood water after heavy rain. Apart from mills, houses were generally built further back from the river on slightly higher ground. This has allowed the meadows to remain undisturbed for a very long time.
This particular meadow has been much the same for many hundreds of years. Thanks to old Manorial Court Rolls the ownership and use of all this land is known from about 1300. Two medieval timber-framed houses once stood at its edge till the Lord of the Manor demolished them in about 1750. A small part had an orchard once. Another section was a ‘tenterpiece’, where skins and fleeces were dried and stretched out on ‘tenterhooks’. There is no trace of the old houses. What remains is about 5 acres of unspoilt wild meadow. The meadow appears in many old photographs from 1860 onwards. These images and numerous paintings of the village over the years confirm that it really hasn’t changed much. I feel less like the owner and more like the current custodian of something that needs to be preserved for future generations.
This particular meadow has been much the same for many hundreds of years. Thanks to old Manorial Court Rolls the ownership and use of all this land is known from about 1300.
Church Meadow has been managed in the traditional way as much as possible. The key is to avoid the build up of nutrients. Wildflowers do best in ‘poor’ soil. Grazing with livestock is very useful as the grass is eaten right back, and nutrients are removed from the soil. Alternatively, in some years, in June or early July, the meadow is cut for hay, which is then taken away. Combined with an autumn graze, this is a great way to keep the grasses very short over winter so that wildflowers have a better chance at the start of the next growing season. This also helps discourage plants like nettles which only grow well in nitrate-rich soils.
I have optimised the management of my meadow as much as possible for over 20 years now. A previous owner cut the grass in the meadow fairly regularly to keep it short. The cuttings were always left in place, meaning that nutrients were not being removed. Over the years of my management, the changes have been very pleasing. The number and variety of wildflowers has increased greatly. Cow parsley erupts in May, along with great swathes of buttercups, where once only little clusters of these plants appeared.
The range of plants is more diverse than one might imagine on a quick inspection. A ten minute survey a few years ago reached a count of 40 different species in one corner of the meadow. The plant and flower names are a rich source of fascination and beauty in themselves. Reading the names pulls you back to the days of folk remedies and lore. A few of the plant and flower species include: Oxeye daisy, Common mallow, Stitchwort, Lady’s Bedstraw, Pignut, Ground Ivy, Cow Parsley, Hemlock, Ramsons (aka Wild Garlic), Common Sorrel, Broad-leafed dock, Tufted Vetch, Red Clover, Bugle, Cowslips, Primrose, Cleavers (aka Sticky Willy, Goose Grass), Cranesbill, Stitchwort, Red Campion, White Campion (‘Grave Flower’), Speedwell, Poppies, Stinging nettle, Ribwort Plantain, Dead nettle, Teasels, Buttercups and various Thistles. There is a huge variety of grasses, including: Tufted Hair-grass, Quaking grass, Red Fescue, Cocksfoot grass, Meadow foxtail, Yorkshire fog, Lesser Timothy etc. as well as various sedges and rushes.
Much of the fauna in the meadow remains hidden from easy view. Significant numbers of mice, shrews and voles inhabit the long grass. I can occasionally stumble upon a group of tiny, newly emerged baby mice playing outside their hole. When the meadow is cut, the tractor is followed closely by a Kestrel that swoops periodically to mantle over an unfortunate vole and carries it off to the nest.
Significant numbers of mice, shrews and voles inhabit the long grass. I can occasionally stumble upon a group of tiny, newly emerged baby mice playing outside their hole. When the meadow is cut, the tractor is followed closely by a Kestrel that swoops periodically to mantle over an unfortunate vole and carries it off to the nest.
Grass snakes and slow worms are generally well hidden but are occasionally glimpsed. Muntjac deer, fox, badger, otter, water vole, and water shrew have all been photographed by me on the meadow and river bank. Birdlife is abundant. A buzzard has nested in one tree, and a barn owl is regularly seen gliding over the long grass in the early evening light. Pheasant and French Partridge skulk in the deep grass. The insect life is similarly abundant, with countless bees, butterflies, moths, beetles and other bugs. After 20 years, I am still now finding insects that I’ve never seen before clinging to my clothing after a walk through the meadow.
Winter is a quieter time in the meadow, but larger plants, such as the poisonous hemlock, can be 8 feet tall or more. They die off slowly, covered in frost on some mornings. Teasels similarly retain their structure for months.
For years now, I have come to love sitting or even lying in the meadow in Spring or Summer and taking the opportunity to feel more connected with nature and to experience the sense of peace and tranquillity there. In this mad rush of a modern world, this feels very important to me. This has also nurtured my creativity. The seasonally evolving tapestry of colours, textures and tones is a constant source of inspiration. Witnessing its subtle beauties has instilled in me a deep appreciation of the wonders of life and a sense of responsibility towards the environment.
I have been taking photographs of this meadow for almost 30 years. I’ve owned it for 21 years. Initial images were all wider views, such as of the expanse of buttercups between the mature oak and chestnut trees or of horses grazing in the long grass. One year a young New Forest pony that had been captured in the regular round-up there, was allowed to graze the meadow for a few months with an older point-to-pointer for company. I loved watching it grow and develop as it slowly shed its fluffy coat and turned into a promising but spirited adult. That made for quite a few pleasing images.
Rather than wide views, I have started to get closer, to make images of the details and of the feel of the place. I particularly like the late afternoon light as it rakes over the meadow, with long shadows cast by the mature trees of the churchyard next door. I have made images with my back to the light and into the light, as well as side lit.
In more recent times, I have begun to transition to more personal, perhaps even expressive image making in the meadow. Rather than wide views, I have started to get closer, to make images of the details and of the feel of the place. I particularly like the late afternoon light as it rakes over the meadow, with long shadows cast by the mature trees of the churchyard next door. I have made images with my back to the light and into the light, as well as side lit.
My first discovery was how the view changed completely if I squatted down low or even lay on the ground. I did this as carefully as possible, trying to keep damage to a minimum. I began to experiment with different focal lengths and wider apertures. I tried my macro lens up close, then a 50mm prime lens at a longer distance. I even tried using a 80-400mm zoom at 300-400mm. All of this was using manual focus and exposure, hand-held. I could have used a tripod but it felt too restrictive. It is absolutely fascinating, patiently panning around, zooming in and out, playing with the focus ring at wide apertures as the lens peers through the layers of thick, complex vegetation. Little seed heads, or flowers, or strands of grass would come in and out of focus. This very shallow depth of field drew attention to subtle elements and hidden treasures in the environment that might otherwise go unnoticed. For me the resulting images convey not only a sense of intimacy but also a sense of calmness, perhaps too of romanticism and even of mystery.
These images were greatly affected by the direction of light. Whilst shooting into the sun at eye level had worked well enough, it gave results that were too harsh and contrasty when crouching low.
My second discovery was playing with the lit and unlit areas, particularly late in the day. A friend suggested placing myself in an unlit area but shooting towards a lit area, with the resulting view ‘emerging’ from the shadows. I found this to be an excellent way of framing the view and distilling the subject.
Some days were productive, others weren’t. I tried different parts of the meadow, different times of day and different lighting. Even within the meadow, there is a lot of variety in the mix of the grasses, textures etc, so I had plenty of choice.
Other ideas I have tried include shooting fractionally above the tops of the cow parsley or grasses, focussing on a single stem or on a tree branch behind; shooting from under a tree, looking out through its leaves; shooting on dewy mornings with little spider webs catching the light.
I hope that my work conveys a sense of ethereal beauty, transporting viewers to a dreamlike realm where they can engage with the emotions and stories embedded within the frame. The images presented here concentrate on late Spring and early Summer when life seems to be at its most varied and abundant.
I hope that my work conveys a sense of ethereal beauty, transporting viewers to a dreamlike realm where they can engage with the emotions and stories embedded within the frame. The images presented here concentrate on late Spring and early Summer when life seems to be at its most varied and abundant.
This year the meadow was cut earlier than I would like. Beggars can’t be choosers! I was given the offer of a free proper hay cut. The hay would be used by a local couple to keep their flock of Suffolk and Shetland sheep going over winter. Apparently, the North of England has a shortage of hay, but locally there is a great excess, so it was great to find someone to take it away and use it. If I’d paid for it to be cut I’d have paid a few hundred pounds. As it is I’ve traded the hay for the promise of some very fine organic lamb for the freezer in a few months' time. It was a good trade - a ‘win-win’.
When the day of the cut arrived, it was quite an emotional moment watching a giant tractor eat up my beloved meadow. In about 90 minutes, it was transformed from a chest high wonderland of long, lush grass and wildflowers to lower than ankle level and a whole lot of dust. The local kestrel enjoyed catching some of the mice and voles that were disturbed. A huge grass snake made a sudden bit for freedom and gave me quite a fright as I watched the tractor do its work.
My meadow has been cut really short. The cut hay has all been removed. Not all of the cow parsley and buttercups had set seed fully, but overall it's much better than leaving it uncut or partly grazed. I’m still hoping for a late autumn graze this year.
If you have retained your child-like sense of wonder for snow, then it’s likely that you’ll be enthralled by Jorma’s landscapes from the far north of Finland, which are all the more remarkable for the fact that they are taken during the polar night. But before you pack your bags, read on, as it’s certainly not the easiest place to get to and photograph and Jorma, for one, may not be overjoyed if you head there – it’s nothing personal, and I understand the value that he places on both tranquillity and the remaining wild country.
When I first got in touch with Jorma, he was on a fishing trip, and my proposals caused a few surprising ripples. It also gave me an insight into the precious nature of summer that far north, so we’ve waited until October to speak to him, in that period before the long and photogenic winter begins. It would be misleading though, to suggest that our feature is just about those magical landscapes, as the attraction was as much for the abstract images that Jorma makes and the way that he combines these.
Would you like to start by telling readers a little about yourself and your early interests?
I am already over 60 years old and currently live in the very north of Finland, close to the border between Norway and Russia. Since childhood, I have lived in many places around Finland, but the places I love the most are Eastern Finland near Lake Saimaa and Northern Finland. I spent a lot of my childhood in nature, as all children of that time did when nature started right at the doorstep. At that time, nature was still completely untouched; nowadays, this can only be found in the very northern part of the country.
When did you first pick up a camera and what did you photograph at that time? Where did this lead?
When I was young, I wasn't particularly interested in photography, and my family wasn't interested in arts or culture at all. I found photography quite by chance when I wanted photos of car races. I bought a cheap SLR camera, but right away, I noticed that it was rubbish, and I started to buy better equipment. Over the course of a few years, I attended some photography courses taught by really famous domestic and foreign teachers. I mainly did black and white and quite a lot of street and people photography
At the time, I was working on the railways, but after five years as a hobby, I jumped on the train of professional photography and became an assistant in an advertising photography studio.
Along with other photography, I have always been a passionate landscape photographer because, for example, the equipment for bird photography is too expensive and it is nicer to watch animals and their activities than to hunt them.
After a couple of years, I started my own photography company where I specialised in architectural, industrial and magazine photography. I stopped the company years ago, but I have done magazine photography from time to time.
Along with other photography, I have always been a passionate landscape photographer because, for example, the equipment for bird photography is too expensive and it is nicer to watch animals and their activities than to hunt them. As a young man, it was good to put on a photo exhibition every year, and at that time they were of course black and white because colour photos made from slides were too expensive. We had a good group of friends, and pictures were sometimes put on the walls of bars or in the lobbies of cinemas. A friend and I even made two exhibitions on the wall of the Leningrad Palace of Culture in the Soviet Union. It was nice there, on adventurous photography trips - the longest I spent was five weeks photographing the lives of people in small villages.
During the slide days, I sold quite a lot of pictures for calendars and postcards. More than 35 years ago, you got many times more money for the pictures compared to today's negligible compensations, which seem mostly like contempt for photographers. The same applies to the sale of prints. In the summer, I tried to sell some of my exhibition photos framed under glass at the market here in Lapland. They thought 50 euros for a 50x70cm picture was an outrageous price. The best feedback was when a gentleman told his lady that the frames were good. Trash that picture and replace it with your own pictures. One parliamentarian would have liked to buy a few prints, but nothing has been heard since I said €80 for a 50x70 print. It was probably too cheap a price.
Who (photographers, artists or individuals) or what has most inspired you, or driven you forward in your own development as a photographer?
Although I mainly do colour photography myself, the photographers I greatly appreciate are users of black and white film. The culture of Finnish landscape photography existed perhaps a hundred years ago, and since then, there has not been a generation of photographers who were interested in the subject. That's why only Pentti Sammallahti has been my favourite photographer among the Finns. The world famous Sebastião Salgado is a photographer I really appreciate through his wonderful black and white works—especially his mammoth book "Genesis", which I've been browsing from time to time.
I've also started working on my photos in black and white, but I guess I'm too critical because only a few photos seem to work as I'd like. In Finnish landscape and other nature photography, there seems to be a general perception that nature photography is a piece of cake and that it is possible to make quick profits without hard work.
In Finnish landscape and other nature photography, there seems to be a general perception that nature photography is a piece of cake and that it is possible to make quick profits without hard work.
However, the top is really narrow and, especially in landscape photography, even narrower. There are perhaps a couple of dozen landscape photographers worth considering in Finland, so the appreciation is also minimal. Especially here in the Arctic region, landscape photography requires a lot of work because, many times, it may take three days of hiking or canoeing to get to a good shooting location. I had to stop long hikes after falling ill with rheumatism a few years ago. I had to change my working methods, and moving to the vicinity of roads or boat routes was a must. This was perhaps not a bad thing because this is how I discovered abstract drone landscape photography, and it changed my way of thinking in the right direction. I had been dissatisfied with my shooting style for a long time, which repeated old mannerisms, and the reform was incredibly difficult to do. This has been a difficult change because there has been little or no expert feedback.
It doesn't warm up much, even though there is a lot of praise on social media when you know yourself that something is wrong. The somewhat abstract pictures have received a lukewarm reception, but this work requires a hard head and persistence. The caravan moves, and the dogs bark. You get the best feedback from yourself when you notice that you are constantly developing in the direction that gives you the best satisfaction.
Tell us a little more about where you live and the places that you are repeatedly drawn back to?
I have always enjoyed and almost loved the Arctic region because my mother's family originates - in the 17th century - from Lapland, Norway, from the very small town of Kautokeino. Around Finnish, Swedish and Norwegian Lapland, I have worked in tourism as a group guide, taking tourists fishing in the fishing waters of the fells. Fishing and photography are also mostly my hobbies because you can't make a full-time living here.
On my photography trips, I often travel to northern Norway, which is only a few hours away. Fortunately, there has not yet been an international invasion of photographers to these regions that are dear to me, like, for example, Lofoten, where I will not go even if paid. There, the locals have considered starting to tax photography tourists who block the roads and every parking space. I haven't met another photographer in the northeast for years, and that gives me room to breathe (typical Finnish character). Previously, I couldn't photograph if someone else photographed with me. Nowadays, it doesn't matter. Thank you, ageing.
On my photography trips, I often travel to northern Norway, which is only a few hours away. Fortunately, there has not yet been an international invasion of photographers to these regions that are dear to me, like, for example, Lofoten, where I will not go even if paid.
I began my research by looking through your social media feed to get a sense for the change that takes place over the months. It looks to be a country that is good for the soul; one that fosters a strong connection with nature, land and season. How would you describe the rhythms of life and nature throughout the year? And what are the practicalities?
People in the north say we have eight seasons. Between autumn and winter, there is still early winter, which brings the first snow, and it's freezing even during the day. Before winter, it's time to harvest, which here is either fishing or hunting for winter storage in the freezer. Now, I mainly fish for white fish, which I eat at least once a week. In November, the sun disappears behind the southern horizon, and the polar night begins, lasting a couple of months when the sun is not visible even during the day.
I'm looking forward to the polar night because the ground is covered with snow, and the light is incredibly beautiful - as if the whole bright five hours were painted in golden and pastel colours. During a full moon, it can be so bright that you can read a newspaper. In the upper landscape of Northern Norway, the light is even more wonderful, but it is bright enough only for a couple of hours.
Of course, the winter here is long, and there is usually six months of snow on the ground. You might imagine that winter would be a dark time, but in the north, it is never as dark as in the south because the snow reflects light even in the middle of the night. I have always loved the brightness of winter, and I look forward to winter photography. I have standard filming locations that I go to if the weather is pleasant and particularly cold. The summer lasts for a few months, and then I move around a lot in the large Inarijärvi, which the locals call the Lapland Sea. When the sun doesn't set for a couple of months, sometimes it feels that there is light more than enough.
During the polar night, it can often be really cold, and -30 degrees C is normal. In this weather, you must shoot for less than two hours, and the camera's batteries don't last very long either. I've had -28C when it's very cold to fly a drone, and the device only works really well as long as the batteries are warm. Fingers just get cold easily because the controller has to be handled with open hands sometimes. The worst cold where I have done magazine photography work has been -36C, which was otherwise okay, but the camera's batteries ran out in five minutes, and the lens creaked as if it was about to break. It was funny when the hunter being filmed was hustling with open hands as if he hadn't felt the cold.
Northern Finland is not a famous photography region because we don't have great mountains, lovely waterfalls and rugged coastlines. Here, there is only forest up to the Urals, swamps where you can't see the opposite shore and big lakes where some local wilderness men, who know the conditions well, will drown every year. Tourism is the biggest employer, but the almost industrialised product does not appeal to local people, like the British and Chinese, who come to take pictures of Santa Claus and hurry past quickly when the local reindeer herder is cutting up the reindeer carcass.
Polar nighttime is interesting because it might confuse even a local resident, and the two-month twilight that precedes it evicts those who have moved from the south back to the light pollution of cities in their third year at the latest. .
Polar nighttime is interesting because it might confuse even a local resident, and the two-month twilight that precedes it evicts those who have moved from the south back to the light pollution of cities in their third year at the latest. This is nicknamed "Arctic hysteria". As a counterweight, the sun doesn't set for two months in the summer, and many suffer from insomnia then. In summer, the only opportunity to take photos is often in the middle of the night, when the light is really beautiful. For tourism, you can easily get to Lapland by flying, as there are several flights a day from Helsinki.
In winter, the situation in Northeastern Norway is even harsher because it is even less populated, and the weather is often hellish. Roads are frequently closed due to the wind, and you can only move according to the schedule behind the plough. Accommodation establishments are closed in winter, and if you can get to one, the price is far from reasonable. On the other hand, if you are used to travelling in Antarctica or Greenland on your photography trips, then the price doesn't matter. OK, but in Norway, you can fly to almost every one of the smallest villages if the weather permits. In summer, Northeast Norway is beautiful and incredibly colourful, with huge flower meadows and rocky small waterfalls. Actually, it is exactly the same landscape as in Scotland.
Would you like to choose 2 or 3 favourite photographs from your own portfolio and tell us a little about why they are special to you, or your experience of making them?
Abstract sand
I have several regular photography locations around the north. I've been to a small sandy beach on the Varang fjord in Northern Norway dozens of times and got some nice pictures. The beach is really small and inconspicuous, but the tide can build the best patterns on it for hundreds of kilometres. Or at least what places I know. These triptych pictures were taken 15 years ago, but they have become one of the most beautiful entities when combining pictures. This is also my first triptych and has been an important direction indicator for my later works. What is special about these is that the pictures were taken on the same trip, and the patterns on the beach were absolutely magical then. I have never found exactly the same patterns, even though I try to observe the patterns precisely. Sometimes there have been high waves, and the beach is full of small pieces of seashells, and you can't get anything sensible out of it. In general, I love the very calm sea that caresses the gentle sandy beach, letting the patterns slowly form.
First abstract
In 2021, I was commissioned to make a video piece about the great Tenojoki in the north. The name of the river in Norwegian is Tanaelva. The river is more than 1km wide in many places and has large sandy areas just above the surface of the river. While flying the drone above the river, my attention was caught by the peculiar shapes drawn on the water-covered sandbanks. The polarising filter clearly revealed what the surface of the water had hidden. This requires completely calm and cloudless weather so that the camera can see below the surface of the water.
This picture is one of the very first abstracts I photographed on the river, and with these pictures, I learned what is required in taming chaos. Very often, when you look at the drone's small monitor, everything looks confused and downright chaotic. The horizontality of the picture also makes it difficult to understand what you see when it would be best to shoot the picture vertically. Today, I've learned to photograph objects vertically, but it required a bit of eye training. I also photograph some objects with several adjacent frames so they cover a large area. With new modern drones, you can also take vertical pictures, but those drones are too expensive to acquire.
This started a photography project that I am still working on now, maybe for several more years. The filming area has expanded from the river Tanaelva to Tanavuono and its huge tidal coast.
The final coast
Five years ago, I was working in the wintertime in Northern Norway, and I had just received my first full-frame camera. The previous one was a low resolution small sensor camera, and of course, the difference was really great. When I couldn't afford to buy nice lenses, I had to shoot with cheap Tamron lenses, the brand I still use today.
The winter weather in Finnmark can be really rough, and it's not every day that you feel like going out with your camera. Over 20m/sec wind and bitterly cold will freeze even the roughest, and when the roads may be covered with snowmaking, the journey is not easy. The strongest gusts of wind can knock the car or the photographer off the cliff, and the camera tripod has fallen over many times due to the strong wind, but fortunately, equipment damage has been avoided.
This picture has especially stuck in my mind because of the fierce weather, and it's a great, well-timed shot. There were dozens of photos taken, and everything was right in only one frame.
The light changed in seconds, and you had to wait for just the right splash of water because the height of the waves varied greatly. I was behind the car, taking shelter from the wind so that the picture could be even slightly sharp. The picture has been called "The Final Coast" for a long time because I felt then that this beach in the North Cape is the last one a person can walk on. Next is just the endless sea. The image is noisy and rough, and its colours are only blue, so it fits well in black and white, and its problems are not clearly visible. By some strange thought, I consider this picture to be one of the best I have ever photographed.
You recently exhibited some of your abstracts under the title “Time Passing Through”. You often present them as triptychs. Is this a way of making images that you are increasingly drawn to, and do you have any particular ambitions for the future?
I have never felt that I am very creative or artistic in my own work. However, every now and then, a small spark of artistry has appeared.
I like to tell stories with my pictures, which is why I often group them into groups of three or four pictures that support each other. I have taken them even further in triptych-type ensembles of three very intimate pictures, whose pictures are really close to each other but yet different.
The abstract photography project I started a few years ago, mainly in Northern Norway, has already brought with it one exhibition last summer, and I am planning the next one for 2025. There are also plans to enquire about the possibility of holding an exhibition in Norway, but that is still quite a distant dream. Putting on the exhibition completely depends on the grants because its price is easily thousands of euros. A small pension is not even nearly enough for photography trips or expensive prints. I hold small exhibitions every year, for example, in the library of my region. I have a printer, and I print the pictures for exhibitions with that. The plans are to make a panoramic photo exhibition in the future because I already have 140 cm wide glass frames for the pictures. But this still remains in the photography phase.
I like to tell stories with my pictures, which is why I often group them into groups of three or four pictures that support each other. I have taken them even further in triptych-type ensembles of three very intimate pictures, whose pictures are really close to each other but yet different. Connecting three pictures into a story is quite difficult, and I have a lot of beginnings of two pictures, but the third, perhaps the most important one, is missing. These are also live all the time, and a new picture might be a better option than the original. I think that normal landscape photography will gradually become less popular because it has not recently given me as much satisfaction as slightly more artistic interpretations. I've also started writing poems which would be shown alongside abstract triptychs; maybe in the next exhibition, I'll connect poems with the pictures in some way. Anyway, I'm excited about writing, and I've been saving short story blanks and notes. I have written some magazine articles, but the more creative writing has had less attention.
Can you give readers a brief insight into your set up – from photographic equipment through processing to printing? Which parts of the workflow especially interest you and where do you feel you can make the most difference to the end result?
I work with photography almost every day, either taking pictures or processing or printing some interesting pictures. I had a 15-year break from photography from 1991 when all my equipment was stolen. I started taking photos again 20 years ago when the first reasonably priced SLR camera came on the market. I have copied some exhibition photos from that time and they work perfectly well alongside those taken with modern cameras. They require somewhat more fine-tuning, but today's Photoshop makes it easier than with the early versions. When I got a printer a couple of years ago, it radically changed my image processing. From the prints, I could clearly see what was bad in the processing and what needed to be improved, and I began to fully study image processing.
I think image processing is fun, and I can edit a difficult image for several days. However, a slightly longer break often helps me better than working for a long time. I often go back to my old photos and make new, and often better, versions of them than the ones I made a couple of years ago.
I think image processing is fun, and I can edit a difficult image for several days. However, a slightly longer break often helps me better than working for a long time. I often go back to my old photos and make new, and often better, versions of them than the ones I made a couple of years ago.
My filming equipment is quite normal and very affordable. A Nikon D750 camera and lenses made by Tamron and some ancient Nikkors from the 80s. Of these, I use the PC 35/2.8 Nikkor a lot because I often take panoramic photos and this lens is really well suited for that. I have the distance adjustment taped on, and I almost always use f22, which is very sharp and gives a large depth of field. With it, you can shoot really large and incredibly sharp multi-line panoramas or just two-image horizontal panoramas whenever you want.
My drone equipment - a Mavic 2 Pro - is also starting to get old, but when it works and with the current Photoshop, you can get perfectly decent 60x90cm prints from even a small-cell image file, so I haven't needed an update. I have developed my shooting and image processing technique as well as it is possible with my skills, and now I am satisfied with it. In particular, the drone requires an effective polarisation filter for these water pictures, without which I might not have found these abstracts. Now, the Nisi landscape filter is always attached to the camera, and I almost never even take it off. I have sometimes used graduated filters, but by bracketing the images and post-processing you get a better result.
We all start off thinking that our photography is about place, subject, season… only at some point to realise that we are intrinsically part of it in what we respond to, and what we choose to show. What have you discovered through photography?
I think I have learned to understand and appreciate other forms of art. Even modern art is, to some extent, okay. This also leads to the fact that I have worked with several artists to photograph their work, and I also photographed for a book about the art collections of Kouvola city.
There are thousands of nature photography enthusiasts in Finland, and up to 25,000 photos are entered into the annual nature photography competition. There are about 2,500 landscape pictures, but the quality of the pictures is not very convincing.
If you had to take a break from all things photographic for a week, what would you end up doing? What other hobbies or interests do you have? I’ve a feeling that fishing mayget a mention, as you caught something unexpected on the day that my first email reached you!
Besides photography, I don't really have any other hobbies other than wilderness life. I also travel to other Nordic countries, usually for fishing and taking photos. I wish that writing would become even more important, but I can't promise that.
I also enjoy cooking and baking from time to time. This week, I have been baking almost every day when the weather has been bad for photography.
Is there a landscape photography ‘scene’ or community in Finland? What subjects and styles are popular, and have there been any noticeable shifts in the time that you’ve been making images?
There are thousands of nature photography enthusiasts in Finland, and up to 25,000 photos are entered into the annual nature photography competition. There are about 2,500 landscape pictures, but the quality of the pictures is not very convincing. I have participated a few times and always placed in the top ten. However, I'm not that interested in the competition because the judging of the pictures seems to be random between different years. To some extent, I have participated in international competitions and had some success, especially a few gold medals and other top places in the Nordic Society of Photography competitions. These are interesting because the pictures are not sorted into different categories, but portraits, art pictures and landscape pictures compete in the same series. I have often been the only awarded landscape photographer.
And finally, is there someone whose photography you enjoy - perhaps someone that we may not have come across - and whose work you think we should feature in a future issue? They can be amateur or professional.
I could suggest a Finn who is more of an art landscape photographer than me: Kirsi Mackenzie.
Thanks very much, Jorma. You’ve given us a fascinating insight into your life. I’m sure readers will appreciate your photography and the direction that you are taking and want to wish you well with your exhibition plans and writing.
Picking a photo for Endframe was exquisite torture. There isn’t a photographer I revere above all others. (There are too many to choose from!) Or even one particular favourite ‘go-to’ photo. (Ditto!) And don’t get me started on locations; I could happily wile away an afternoon looking at great landscape images from anywhere on the planet. Thinking about it, I could happily wile away an afternoon looking at great photos on any subject, not just landscapes.
Can you see how difficult this proved to be?
So, after spending a few hours quietly going mad through indecision, I decided to cheat. I’ve picked an image shot by a robot. And one taken in a place almost (but not quite) as far as it’s possible to get before reaching the cold emptiness of interstellar space.
Welcome to our 4x4 feature, which is a set of four mini landscape photography portfolios which has been submitted for publishing. Each portfolio consists of four images related in some way. Whether that's location, a project, a theme or a story. Added:
Submit Your 4x4 Portfolio
Interested in submitting your work? We are always keen to get submissions, so please do get in touch! Do you have a project or article idea that you'd like to get published? Then drop us a line. We are always looking for articles.
I have a very special relationship with Le Mont Saint-Michel. It's a mix of endless wonder and a feeling of being in a familiar place, like home.
When I came to live in Brittany a few years ago (for the photo, of course), I wanted to be near the Mont, to be able to go there at any time, in any season.
Over time, I have therefore discovered wonderful places to photograph this unique site, at sunrise or sunset, during high tide, or even during the full moon.These images of the same place, but all photographed from different places, are what I am showing you today.
Don't forget that it is very tempting to come to the region during the summer, but it gets increasingly crowded every year during this season. Also, and particularly for taking pictures, I cannot advise you too much to plan your trip in spring or autumn, which are perfect seasons to discover the region which benefits from a mild and temperate climate.
The infinite shapes and textures of icebergs in Antarctica fascinate me again and again. Every iceberg is unique in its formation, size, and shape. Some are small, while others are massive, towering behemoths that dwarf everything around them. But what really captures the imagination is the intricate network of ridges and channels that make up their surfaces.
Icebergs are formed from the glaciers that flow from the interior of the continent to the edge of the sea. When the glacier reaches the ocean, it begins to break apart, creating icebergs of various sizes. The shapes and textures of these icebergs are determined by a variety of factors, including the rate of melting, the presence of cracks and fissures, and the impact of waves and wind.
Some of the most stunning shapes and textures are created by the melting of the iceberg's surface. As the sun beats down on the ice, it causes it to melt and refreeze, creating intricate patterns of ridges and channels that seem to go on forever. Other shapes are created by the impact of waves and wind, which can carve deep channels and curves into the surface of the ice.
The textures of the icebergs are just as varied as their shapes. Some are smooth and glassy, while others are rough and jagged. Some are translucent, allowing light to pass through, while others are opaque and appear almost black in colour. And then there are the colours - from the deep blues and greens of the densest ice to the brilliant whites of freshly fallen snow.
Living in The Netherlands, most of the coast is sand. In search for a chance of scenery, I followed Google maps south-wards finding the coast just below Calais in France within a short 4 hour drive. Here the first cliffs shape the coastal landscape bringing rocks, pebbles and bunkers from the Atlantikwall.
We're hypnotised into wanting to find out what's out there. We look for answers in the dark while forgetting our questions. Considering my fascination with this theme, I decided to demonstrate images of plants, earth, wood, water, and everything related to nature that may resemble other planets inspired by photos of our solar system.
The Natural Landscape Photography Awards 2023 finished its judging just over a week ago and I’m really happy with how everything went. <chatgpt: insert superlative about landscape photographs>Exquisitely captured, this stunning collection of landscape photographs transports viewers on an awe-inspiring journey through nature's most breathtaking vistas, evoking an unparalleled sense of wonder and serenity.</chatgpt>
<chatgpt: insert sentence about how great the organisers and judges were>I am absolutely elated and overjoyed by the seamless and successful judging of the competition! Witnessing the meticulous and fair evaluation process unfold was immensely gratifying, and I couldn't be prouder of the judges' unwavering dedication and expertise. Their commitment to fairness and excellence truly shone through, ensuring that each participant's work was given the utmost attention and consideration.</chatgpt>
Ahem, sorry - I’ve been playing with ChatGPT and I couldn’t help giving it a shot at helping write my intro. Don’t worry, it’s sort of ‘on topic’ as one of the challenges photography competitions are facing is the way that image generative AI is getting so bloody good (just like it can write schmoozy PR content better than me!).
I’ve previously written an article on AI (at the start of this year) but even in the short time since then, the ability to guide the software and the accuracy and detail of the results has made it even more amazing/scary.
At the NLPA, our defence against this process (and those who chase similar creations through Photoshop processed work) is the checking of RAW files, and as long as these are very difficult to fake, I’m hoping we’ll still be able to use them to screen images and to be able to present our entrants work as ‘not deceptive’. Not deceptive is a tough thing to quantify but the judges and organisers have a natural sense of where ‘too far’ is and we talk about this openly.
So, what were the winners like? The following article presents some of my favourite images and collections (projects/portfolios) from the competition. But first I wanted to explain a little bit about the process that I haven’t talked about before (you can read more about the overall process in this article from last year).
Nearly all competitions judge work using a numerical system and NLPA is no exception. We ask each judge to score images from 0 to 5, where a 5 value is the judges favourite and the 1 value is still a good image but, in that judges opinion, it doesn't stand a chance of winning.
Now this is where most competitions end. The averaged scores are calculated and the top 5 or 10 in each category are selected and then the judges vote first, second and third place. The picture with the most points wins.
However, our process diverges from most competitions here. Once we have our judges scores, we take all the images that the judges scored a 5 for (indicating a personal favourite) plus a selection of images that rated well across all judges but weren’t quite favourites (especially images that were not ‘immediate’ pleasers but might be growers). This ends up with approximately 60 images for each category.
Our judges are then given these images and asked to live with them for a while until the finals (approximately two weeks) and then pick their three favourites from each category. This final selection is then presented to the judges during the live voting.
Over the six hours of live voting, we probably spend an hour on each category. We ask the judges to vote for their 1st through 4th choice on our new ‘live voting’ panel (see below) and the judges are then asked if they want to advocate for an image they liked that isn’t doing well. Once this feedback process is complete, the images are reduced to a top six and a final vote is held and we talk about whether we are happy with the results of this (we usually are but sometimes judges would like to change their votes or we’ll have a final vote on 1st or 2nd etc).
So the judges have a considerable amount of time to look at and to grow into an image beyond the scoring process.
The interesting outcome of this is that, in the final judging process, images that scored well in the first rounds may well place lower than images that scored less.
This changes the outcome of competitions more than you would think. Images that are often instantly applauded, can often become tiring or just not have a lot of depth. Whereas images that may look less interesting at first can intrigue a viewer later. A jugdes personal relationship with a picture might grow as they notice different parts that resonate with them (or other judges point out things that they missed).
We had a great example of this in our main category finalists. In our case, the overall winner of photograph of the year scored a lower aggregate score than winner of the Intimate category from which it was selected.
In the images below, the caption shows the score distribution as a five figure number similar to this 55331. This score would be two maximum 5* scores, two 3* and one 1* score.
Gabriel Stankiewicz, Overall Winner (53310 avg = 2.4)
Also, the Grand Scenic winner scored less the the Grand Scenic runner up.
Björn Nehrhoff von Holderberg, Grand Scenic, Winner (55210 avg = 2.6)
Xavier Lequarre, Grand Scenic, Runner Up (55544 avg = 4.6)
In this case, Xavier's image was joing highest in the competition for the initial rating across all images. We should add a comment that most of the people seeing Xavier's image questioned the birds, they were just too good to be true. But true they are and what an amazing image.
As a last example, the winner of the Abstract and Details category scored less than the second place image
Eric Bennett, Abstract and Details, Winner (55332 avg = 3.6)
Matt Redfern, Abstract and Details, Runner Up (54442 avg = 3.8)
Far from being a flaw with our competition, this is significant evidence that the process by which we slowly bring sets of images forward in the final stages of the competition allows the judges to pick images that go beyond an instant reaction. We hope that people who spend some time with the images in our compilation books will have the same reaction.
However, enough talk! Here are the winners of the 2023 Natural Landscape Photography Awards. We've shown you the overall winner and the winners of the three main categories. Here's a selection of images from the Special Awards and from my personal favourites. After a quick conclusion from Mr AI ...
CONCLUSION
Special Category Winners
Martin Bürner, Environmental, Winner
Matt Redfern, Common Places, Winner
James Hider, Water Worlds, Winner
Alexandre Deschaumes, Mountains, Winner
Peter Eastway. Aerial, Winner
David Hunter, Nightscape, Winner
Harry Lichtman, Black and White, Winner
A Selection of Personal Favourites
Jackie Matear
Martin Maier
Jan Erik Waider
Andrew Mielzynski
Kurt Lawson
Kyle Goetsch
Competition Gallery
Martin Bürner, Environmental, Winner
Andrew Mielzynski
Stewart Hamilton
Gregory Cruthis
Matt Redfern, Common Places, Winner
Joe Rainbow
Pal Hermansen, Aerial, Runner Up
Jackie Matear
Kurt Lawson
David Hunter, Nightscape, Winner
Grant Dixon, Mountains, Runner Up
Kyle Goetsch
Harry Lichtman, Black and White, Winner
Martin Maier
James Hider, Water Worlds, Winner
Prajit Ravindran, Black and White, Runner Up
Jay Tayag
Barbara Seiberl-Stark, Water Worlds, Runner Up
Mieke Boynton, Common Places, Runner Up
Peter Eastway. Aerial, Winner
Peter Coskun
Jan Erik Waider
Alexandre Deschaumes, Mountains, Winner
Natalia Harper
Peter Coskun
Cesar Llaneza Rodriguez, Intimate Landscape, Runner Up
Takahashi Hiroto, Intimate Landscapes, Winner
Gabriel Stankiewicz, Photograph of the Year, Winner
Matt Redfern, Abstract and Details, Runner Up
Eric Bennett, Abstract and Details, Winner
Xavier Lequarre, Grand Scenic, Runner Up
Björn Nehrhoff von Holderberg, Grand Scenic, Winner
To me, photography is an art of observation. It’s about finding something interesting in an ordinary place…I’ve found it has little to do with the things you see and everything to do with the way you see them. ~Elliott Erwitt
Since I've been on the boats I've seen loads. I've seen a perfect winter shot that just needs the right amount of snow, the right light… ~Mark Littlejohn1
The camera sees more than the eye, so why not make use of it? ~Edward Weston
It is often said that photography is all about the light and being in the right place to take advantage of the light. While we do not normally have much control over the light on a landscape, being in the right place implies something about learning how to see the photographic possibilities at a place and the potential for the right light that may not always be apparent at the first visit.
More than 25 years ago, I was lucky enough to find a house in the upper Eden Valley in Cumbria, the part known as Mallerstang. This was just a year or so after buying my first medium format camera (a Mamiya 6).
When travelling, we may not always have the luxury of returning for a second visit (but it is a common theme in photographic books about Iceland, for example, that the photographer has made multiple visits over many years or, in some cases, even gone to live there). For some places, we may be able to revisit many times and experience directly many of the possibilities. Mark Littlejohn has expressed this well in the quotation above with respect to the many times he has worked on the Ullswater ferry boats. This article is about learning how to see in that way at a little piece of Eden, a place that might be completely overlooked by passers-by.
More than 25 years ago, I was lucky enough to find a house in the upper Eden Valley in Cumbria, the part known as Mallerstang. This was just a year or so after buying my first medium format camera (a Mamiya 6). Mallerstang was a perfect place to explore with the new camera2. But, throughout those 25 years and the transition from film to digital, I have found myself coming back again and again to a small reach upstream of the bridge to Shoregill, where the river tumbles over a short series of low, moss-covered, limestone rock steps. A general view of this river's reach in winter is shown below. The rock steps are in the foreground, with a variety of boulders projecting from the surface at all but the highest flows further downstream. Upstream of the steps is a pool, not really deep enough to swim in, but there, the water flows more slowly, reflecting the colours of the sky and the shadows of the surrounding trees.
Clear winter light on A little piece of Eden Glows intensely blue3
River Eden at Shoregill, looking downstream in winter 2021
It is a little piece of Eden for the photographer, both literally and metaphorically, that nearly always yields an interesting image or two; images that change with the state of the river and the way in which the direction and quality of the light interact with the caustics and reflected sky pools and land pools formed as the water flows over the steps or around the boulders4.
In recent years, the effects of climate change have become increasingly visible and noticeable. Almost daily news reports appear about extreme rainfall, floods, forest fires, temperature records, the disappearance of species and so on. It is now clear that the climate crisis is not just going to happen in the future but that we are already in the middle of it. Also, the effects are no longer limited to the polar regions and glaciers and small islands in distant oceans; virtually every country is already affected to a greater or lesser extent. My own country, the Netherlands, had a wake-up call in the summer of 2021. Just like its neighbours Germany and Belgium, it was ravaged by extreme rainfall and heavy flooding. Whereas in Germany and Belgium, there were fatalities, in the Netherlands, there was mainly enormous material damage.
I had been asking myself for some time how, as a landscape photographer, I could portray climate change in my own country. The conclusion was always that this was difficult because the effects were not yet visible. Admittedly, measures have been taken for some time to make the Netherlands safer, for instance, by raising river dykes and giving rivers more room to flood. Still, these measures mainly involve infrastructural works, and I don't find them particularly attractive to portray as a photographer.
A group of flowers (scentless camomile) in the flowing water, photographed from the shore.
So when the first reports trickled in about the severe flooding in the southern province of Limburg, I was immediately alert. This was real; now it was getting very close all of a sudden. The river Maas had burst its banks in several places, and the village of Valkenburg, in particular, had been devastated. Many streets had been flooded, and numerous houses, shops and hotels had suffered major water damage. I briefly considered travelling to the hard-hit region to photograph the flood disaster. In the end, I refrained from doing so. I realised I had no press pass and was also afraid I would get in the way of the relief efforts.
So when the first reports trickled in about the severe flooding in the southern province of Limburg, I was immediately alert. This was real; now it was getting very close all of a sudden. The river Maas had burst its banks in several places, and the village of Valkenburg, in particular, had been devastated.
Moreover, there were already enough other photographers on site, and I wondered whether I would be able to add anything. Finally, of course, I am not a press photographer but a landscape and nature photographer.
A small group of young people hang out on one of the sunny lawns between the allées of trees, while another visitor stretches out for a nap.
Amidst the seemingly endless sprawl of concrete and asphalt that comprises Mexico City's landscape, there is a place where you can sit in a tree-rimmed meadow and listen to the morning calls of robins and warblers, the hammer of a woodpecker and the gentle thrum of the hummingbird. Viveros is a 96-acre park located in the southern municipality of Coyoacán, a vital green space in the heart of one of the world's greatest conurbations. I have spent many pleasant hours wandering around its expansive grounds, taking advantage of the shade and oxygen provided by the thousands of trees.
Viveros was founded and designed by the urban planner Miguel Angel de Quevado (1862-1946). Born in Mexico and raised in France, Quevado received his Bachelor of Science at the University of Bordeaux, then studied civil engineering and hydrology at the École Polytechnique in Paris. He returned to Mexico City in 1887 and worked in a variety of jobs, including as Director of Public Works and later as a high ranking official in the Secretariat of Agriculture, where he oversaw arboreal research and management. He founded the Central Committee of Forests and Tree Areas, which was the first environmental protection institution in Mexico.
Viveros was founded and designed by the urban planner Miguel Angel de Quevado (1862-1946). Born in Mexico and raised in France, Quevado received his Bachelor of Science at the University of Bordeaux, then studied civil engineering and hydrology at the École Polytechnique in Paris.
Statue of Miguel Angel de Quevado, the "Apostle of the Trees," greets visitors at the southwest gate of Viveros.
Quevado was part of a generation of wealthy, highly paternalistic urban reformers who believed in a direct correspondence between environment and behaviour, and that to modify the quality of one is to modify the other. To this end, they imagined that improving the physical conditions of housing, sanitation, and overcrowding would result in a more hygienic, productive, and well behaved population. Despite this moralistic vision, reformers racked up important achievements such as new social housing, a greatly extended sewer system, and parks and open spaces.
In 1901, Quevado donated the first hectare of land to what would become Viveros ("The nurseries") out of his own property. Over the next twenty years, the park grew through purchases of adjacent hacienda land. The municipal administration recognized Viveros in 1917, and in 1936, the federal government declared it a National Park. It also became home to several government institutions, including the National Forest Research Institute, the Secretariat of the Environment and Natural Resources, and the Secretariat for Public Works and Urban Development.
Evergreen saplings in starter pods at the Viveros tree nursery. When they are ready, crews will transfer them to parks, playgrounds, and street tree pits throughout the city.
Today, Viveros remains the city's principal tree nursery. Large areas are set aside for seedlings and saplings, which can be transplanted into parks, playgrounds, schoolyards, sidewalks, and restoration projects across the metropolis. There are also numerous allées of mature trees grouped by species, including sweetgum, ash, cedar, Chinese elm, jacaranda, acacia, pears, and various pines and eucalyptus. Such a diversity of trees, with their varied heights and structures, make Viveros a rich bird habitat and a major destination for bird watchers in the city.
There are also numerous allées of mature trees grouped by species, including sweetgum, ash, cedar, Chinese elm, jacaranda, acacia, pears, and various pines and eucalyptus. Such a diversity of trees, with their varied heights and structures, make Viveros a rich bird habitat and a major destination for bird watchers in the city.
An allée of white cedar trees with their long soft needles and gnarled trunks, on the north side of Viveros.
In addition to the arboreal sections, areas are devoted to arid and semi-arid plants, with a large collection of cacti and succulents from the surrounding Valley of Mexico. These species are adapted to the saline conditions of Mexico City's soil, as well as to its high altitude and oscillating wet/dry seasons. There are also plants that thrive in the various pedregals- stony landscapes of basalt laid down through successive volcanic eruptions over time. Rounding out the arid and semi-arid section are species common to Oaxaca, Puebla, Chiapas, Vera Cruz, and other states.
The semi-arid section includes blue agave, nopal, barrel cactus, and many other species important to Mexican ecology and culture.
Finally, the entire park is intersected with and encircled by pathways. Even with 2500 to 3000 visitors daily, the park seldom feels crowded as people fan out across the paths, meadows, lawns, playgrounds, and shady seating areas. Runners can use the peripheral path, while others can walk leisurely among the allées between the trees. A large workout station anchors the southeast side, along with playgrounds and basketball courts. At the centre of the park is a bullfighting practice ring where young toreadors train and perfect their craft. There are also areas dedicated to spiritual and religious practice, including a lawn for Tai Chi, an outdoor Buddhist temple and meditation ground, and a shrine to the Virgin of Guadalupe mounted to a tree.
The great oval at the centre of Viveros is home to a toreador school, and park visitors can watch students and teachers practice their craft.
The sanctuary for health an iron grill decorated with white lilies, where parkgoers can pray to the Virgin of Guadalupe for health and healing.
At the northeast corner of the park is a large and popular Mercado de Plantas, a gardening centre with numerous vendors selling seeds, seedlings, flowers, pots, statuary, equipment, soil and fertilizer. The centre maintains a large display of botanical species, especially of flowering plants and a herbarium for cooks and healers. Every year at Christmas the center hosts a manger diorama competition, with elaborate scenes recreating the birth of Jesus in Bethlehem.
One of a dozen entries in the annual Christmas competition that features elaborate dioramas depicting the birth of Jesus, blending Biblical and folk stories.
Weekends find the park packed with people from the surrounding neighbourhoods of Florida, Axotla, San Ángel, Del Carmen, Santa Catarina, and Xoco. Adding to their numbers are visitors from more distant areas of the city drawn to the calm green landscape and varied activities on offer at Viveros. In addition to visiting the playgrounds and workout stations or watching the toreadors at practice in the central oval, parkgoers can enjoy weekend events such as art festivals, concerts, and plays.
Weekdays bring a different rhythm to the park. Runners, joggers, and bird watchers stream into Viveros as early as 6am when staff open the gates. By mid-morning, the traffic noise from the six-lane Avenida Universidad crescendos along the western edge of the park. Most of the joggers have cleared out, and the playgrounds fill with pre-school children. As 1pm approaches, workers from surrounding areas begin filing into the park to eat packed lunches, followed in the 3-4pm range by small groups of high school kids who use the park to cut through or to hang out after the last bell. Families stroll into and out of the park from 4-6pm, imbibing ice cream, paletas, and snacks from the many vendors that cluster around the gates. Finally, at 6pm, the gates close and staff usher people out for the night.
Early morning visitors cross paths in the southwest part of Viveros.
Families enjoy a later afternoon stroll along one of the principal east-west paths in Viveros.
Despite its origins in a paternalistic middle class vision of a conflict free urban future, Viveros today is one of the world's great urban parks and a crucial breath of life for Mexico City. Its trees not only take in tons of carbon dioxide and return oxygen, but they also metabolise pollution, reduce surface temperature, slow rainwater infiltration, and shade the world. The trunks, branches, roots, and canopy also provide interlacing habitat for diverse species of mammals, reptiles, birds, insects, and fungi.
Despite its origins in a paternalistic middle class vision of a conflict free urban future, Viveros today is one of the world's great urban parks and a crucial breath of life for Mexico City. Its trees not only take in tons of carbon dioxide and return oxygen, but they also metabolise pollution, reduce surface temperature, slow rainwater infiltration, and shade the world.
The expansive open space invites a multitude of people across class lines to find shade, recreation, and a break from the frantic pace of the streets. As climate change and urban expansion result in increasing habitat loss, temperatures, and flooding, Mexico City will need green oases like Viveros more than ever.
Fountain and snack vendors in a small public square at the southeast corner of Viveros.
Newly prepared sapling containers in the nursery.
A long allée of tall, straight pine trees on the north side of Viveros.
Striking red flowers of the Fuchsia plant, a succulent that grows natively in semi-arid coastal and montaine slope regions of southwest Mexico.
The nopal cactus and its bloom of sweet prickly pear fruit, with various deciduous trees rising up in the background.
Heavily canopied southeast portion of Viveros, with the wall of a school that backs onto the park.
One of the many horticultural and garden supply vendors at the Mercado de Plantas, located at the northeast corner of the park.
Hundreds of ceramic pots on offer at the Mercado de Plantas.
Wide range of herbs on offer in the Mercado de Plantas, supplied for a wide variety of cooking, healing, and aesthetic uses.
It's dawn, and the few streets you can discern at the foot of these strange towers are still deserted by life. We imagine it still asleep, stretched out behind these tiny windows that we come to scrutinize. They're eye-shaped, and you wonder whether we're looking at them or they're spying on you. The sky is turning yellow with the sun's first rays, and the bluish towers are still struggling to warm up. They have a strange allure, like science fiction that has aged a little, weathered by time, days, nights and the sun that tirelessly rises and sets.
We are in France, in the Parisian suburbs, where for four years, photographer Laurent Kronental has focused on the large-scale architectural complexes hastily built after the Second World War and the elderly people who inhabit them. "Souvenir d'un futur" captures the striking contrast between the ageing generation who occupy these grandiose Brutalist-style residential complexes and the futuristic architecture that was once considered a symbol of progress and modernity.
Today, however, reality seems a far cry from the imagination of yesteryear. The suburbs are the focus of some of France's major tensions, usually embodied by a distraught youth whose future no longer looks so prosperous. Issues such as immigration, integration, unemployment and, more broadly, global warming are clouding the skyline.
Continuing our look at the history of landscape, I was looking for the next significant artists or art after the Dutch Golden Age, which I talked about in the previous article. In most of the books on art that I’ve seen, Claude ‘Lorrain’ Gellée gets mentioned repeatedly as the artist who raised landscape painting up to be considered a significant art form and who gets ‘rediscovered’ during the romantic period by Constable, Gainsborough, Turner, etc.
If you'd like to take a look at these three previous article, the links are here:-
If you'd like to take a look at these two articles the links are here :-
Claude Lorrain’s legacy can be summarised as a perfecting of the ‘ideal landscape’. Inspired by the best of the Italian landscape, he created scenes with immersive, divine light and exquisite balance. Constable said he was “The most perfect landscape painter the world has ever seen". But I wanted to know how he became so influential through the age, even today.
Claude 'Lorrain' Gellée (1604-1682)
A little background first. Claude’s full name is Claude Gellée, but he was named from his birth place, Lorraine in France. He was born around 1600 and was orphaned at the age of twelve and subsequently went to live with his older brother, who was himself an artist in inlay work and probably taught Claude some sketching. However, his first trade was as a pâtissiers (mmm, cake) and his move to Italy, when he was around 16/17, was on the back of this skill where he was employed by Goffredo Wals and then Agostino Tassi, who made him an apprentice. Both Wals and Tassi were landscapists, Wals on small scenes and Tassi on larger frescoes.
When he was around 21, he returned to France to become an apprentice to the Duke of Lorraine but shortly moved back to Rome, where he remained for the rest of his life.
Xuan-Hui Ng began photographing as a form of self-therapy while she was grieving the loss of her mother. Spending time in nature gave her a sense of perspective and reignited a sense of wonder, reminding her that there is much to live for. Her interest in photography grew out of a desire to prolong the tranquillity that she experienced, and she describes her images as a collaborative effort with nature.
We touch on what Xuan has gained from mentoring, pacing and learning to live with serendipity, as well as the circle that has brought her back to workshops as an instructor. Xuan has previously said that she finds it difficult to write about her photography, yet you’ll find that she talks about it eloquently.
Would you like to start by telling readers a little about yourself – where you grew up, what early interests you had, and what you went on to do?
I was born and raised in Singapore. I learnt ballet and piano as a child and later competed in sailing (in the “Optimist” and “420” categories). I’m a TV addict and watched lots of Cantonese TV series with my mother as a child. In college, I fell in love with comedies like “Dracula, Dead and Loving it”, “Space Balls” and “The Young Frankenstein”.
I graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in Economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and spent a year at the International Monetary Fund as a research assistant. My mother’s death from colon cancer prompted me to return to Asia to be closer to home. One of my best buddies from college was working in Hong Kong at an investment bank and seemed to be really enjoying it. I decided to apply for a job at the same firm and spent the next 14 years in investment banking and finance related jobs.
Did you have any early exposure to photography or art?
I had no formal education in photography or any art related fields. My world until age 33 had been all about economics and finance, strategy and negotiations. The only brush with the art world was in my 1st year of college when I went shopping for a poster for my dormitory room. I fell in love with Monet’s “Impression, Sunrise” without knowing who he was.
I next fell in love with Marc Chagall’s work for his bold use of colours and his fantastical themes. My current love is Li Huayi, a contemporary ink painting artist from China
The poster prompted me to read up about him. One thing led to another, and the books I bought introduced me to Renoir, Degas and other impressionists. I next fell in love with Marc Chagall’s work for his bold use of colours and his fantastical themes. My current love is Li Huayi, a contemporary ink painting artist from China. I like the simplicity and the meditative touch of his ink brush paintings. I am also a fan of Goto Sumio, a prominent Japanese artist whose museum I visit once or twice a year for inspiration.
I love mysteries, stories with twists and turns, with plotlines that are not obvious. Also, I listen to music whenever I am driving from place to place to photograph. My mind gets really busy and often distracted, but music helps me to focus.
At first, these preferences or influences permeated through my work unconsciously. By that, I mean I’m naturally drawn, for example, to scenes that resemble the backdrop of a ballet or a fairytale. But now, I pursue them a little more consciously.
Who (photographers, artists or individuals) or what has most inspired you, or driven you forward in your own development as a photographer?
Many people have helped shape my photography life, including Arthur Meyerson, Elizabeth Opalenik, Mac Holbert, Mary Virginia Swanson, and Elizabeth Krist. I met most of them through the Santa Fe Workshops.
I’ll highlight two mentors in particular here. One is Nevada Wier, who mentored me for three years through the Santa Fe Workshops’ mentorship program. She taught me the ABCs of photography and helped me discover and develop my voice in photography. The other is Masumi Takahashi, a photographer and guide from Hokkaido, Japan. He taught me about nature and how to photograph various natural phenomena more effectively.
Continuing education is important for me, especially since I was not formally trained in photography. Also, I get bored easily and am concerned that the audience will get bored by my images too. I want to keep maturing and evolving as an artist.
In recent years, I enrolled in workshops taught together by Freeman Patterson and Andre Gallant. Also, I just completed a workshop, “Poetry of Abstraction”, with Susan Burnstine.
In recent years, I enrolled in workshops taught together by Freeman Patterson and Andre Gallant. Also, I just completed a workshop, “Poetry of Abstraction”, with Susan Burnstine.
How valuable has it been to be encouraged to pace yourself and to moderate your ambitions to show work – to evolve first and more fully before putting your photography on view? I sense that you might otherwise have wanted to run more quickly.
I need to thank Nevada for keeping me in check. You’re so insightful to say that I had wanted to run more quickly. She told me that she’d introduce me to Mary Virginia Swanson (“Swanee”), a consultant for artists when I was ready. Eagerly, and later, rather impatiently, I waited for that “green sign”.
I am very grateful that Nevada did that for me. By the time I attended portfolio reviews, my images were ready. I was ready. Although the comments were mostly positive, the less positive ones did affect me. But I was sufficiently emotionally mature to take them in my stride. I learned during the reviews that reviewers like different images. What’s valuable for me is knowing which images were more well liked and which were less. When enough people don’t like a certain image, it’s important to understand why. Sometimes we need to hear a piece of advice more than once before it sinks in. I think that reviews are a test of one’s convictions. We are at liberty to agree or disagree with the reviewers, but it’s important to listen and digest the feedback.
When enough people don’t like a certain image, it’s important to understand why. Sometimes we need to hear a piece of advice more than once before it sinks in. I think that reviews are a test of one’s convictions.
Also, I’ve received some invaluable advice from the reviewers, for example, from Aline Smithson, Victoria Chapman and Suzanne Revy, who suggested that I write to reflect my current motivations, beyond the initial grief, in my artist statements.
These reviews also gave me my big breaks - I met Paula Toganarelli, the former curator of the Griffin Museum of Photography at the PhotoNOLA portfolio Reviews, Elin Spring of “What will you remember?” at LACP’s Exposure Weekend and Manfred Zollner of “fotoMAGAZIN” at Fotofest. They featured my work, giving it the much-required exposure. It was also at the Fotofest online reviews that I met Geoffrey Koslov and Bryn Larsen the co-owners of Foto Relevance gallery, who signed me on as an artist. At Fotofest last year, Crista Dix, the current curator of the Griffin Museum of Photography, offered me a solo exhibition opportunity at the museum in December this year.
Would you like to choose 2 or 3 favourite photographs from your own portfolio and tell us a little about why they are special to you, or your experience of making them?
There are three images that are significant to me.
Serendipity #14
I was on the verge of giving up on photographing diamond dust when I chanced upon a small pillar of diamond dust (“sun pillar”) between two ordinary farmhouses. It reminded me to never give up and to keep looking for beauty in the mundane because ordinary moments can turn extraordinary in the blink of an eye. I have very few images where the subject is right in the middle of the image, but this was one image that I felt worked. I had variations with the pillar of light on the side, but I kept coming back to this rendition of the image.
Serendipity #6
The second image was taken in a small snowstorm. It was all white, and I could barely make out the tree trunk and branches. I wasn’t sure if I liked the image initially, but it grew on me over time. This image taught me that the lack of colours can be just as powerful and encouraged me to be more adventurous in my experiments.
Remembrance #3
The third image was one of my first forays into long exposure. It was made on the first day of my first trip to the Hirosaki Castle in Aomori. Each image took 30 seconds to create, unlike most of my images, which were taken in less than a second, but I persisted in getting what I considered to be my favourite composition. My initial capture did not include the reflection of the branch. However, while inching left and right to create different variations of the image, I saw the reflection. This reminded me of the importance of not staying rooted to a spot and to exhaust all possibilities of a scene by “working the subject”.
Japan clearly had a big impact on you as a child, as you chose to make it your home and manage your career around that ambition. Tell us about the places that you are repeatedly drawn to? How easy is it for you to travel and to find enough time for your photography?
I’m repeatedly drawn to Central Hokkaido, where I first visited with my family when I was seven years old. Being there each time reminds me of the simplicity and purity of childhood. Central Hokkaido is a magical place – filled with mountains, forests, rolling fields, rivers and lakes. The distinct seasons and significant temperature differences between night and day give rise to some amazing natural phenomena, such as mist, frost and diamond dust. My desire to spend more time in Central Hokkaido led me to move to work in Japan and to eventually leave my finance job in 2013.
It’s very easy to travel in Japan, but I still have my day job, which restricts me a little. However, Covid-19 has brought my work online, so that was a silver lining for me.
I’m repeatedly drawn to Central Hokkaido, where I first visited with my family when I was seven years old. Being there each time reminds me of the simplicity and purity of childhood. Central Hokkaido is a magical place – filled with mountains, forests, rolling fields, rivers and lakes
Can you give readers a brief insight into your set up – from photographic equipment through processing to printing? Which parts of the workflow especially interest you, and where do you feel you can make the most difference to the end result?
I used to photograph with a Canon 5D m¥Mark IV. I now use a Panasonic Lumix G9 Pro with a Leica DG Vario-Elmarit lens. I have an Epson SureColor printer that handles up to 17 inch wide paper.
My images are single exposure images made in camera. The “layers”, the “texture”, that you see are created with what I call “nature’s toolkit” which includes snow, rain, and even insects.
I don’t do multiple exposure or composites but I follow and admire many artists who use these techniques. However, it’s just not what I do with my nature images because what gives me the thrill is looking for beauty in the mundane and also chancing upon amazing scenes.
I think the image has to be “right” at the outset. It’s not possible to save it using Photoshop. Rather, it would be a different exercise altogether. That said, without Photoshop, I cannot bring out the essence of the images because the camera simply cannot replicate the colours, the light and the emotion I felt when photographing.
What does nature and photography, offer you? Which for you now comes first – being out in nature, or chasing the next image or series of images? You’ve written about actively pursuing aspects of nature, but I wonder if it has perhaps taught you to slow down a little too.
To be honest, I am quite stressed when photographing nature because it’s constantly changing, and it’s so easy to miss capturing the moment you witnessed.
I keep going, however, because I feel I owe it to nature to eternalise these serendipitous encounters that I’ve been blessed with. It’s a challenge, but it’s also where the thrill lies.
I keep going, however, because I feel I owe it to nature to eternalise these serendipitous encounters that I’ve been blessed with. It’s a challenge, but it’s also where the thrill lies.
So, photographing nature hasn’t taught me to slow down, but it has taught me to “let go”. The difficulty of photographing nature is you can’t dictate whether it’ll be rain or shine, or when the insects will appear, or when the flower petals will fly. Of course, as I become more experienced in photographing nature, I also become better at predicting some of these natural phenomena. However, nature loves to throw us surprises. So, trying to predict what will happen with 100% accuracy or trying to capture every single moment is impossible. I can only do my best and leave the rest to chance.
Do you have any particular projects or ambitions for the future or themes that you would like to explore further? You have among other things begun to chase charcoal powder in ‘Winter’s Coda’?
I would like to visit the Arctic Circle and revisit Iceland. I would like to do a series on rain. I realised it’s missing from my collection while preparing for my lectures for Santa Fe Workshops.
I’ve actually chased charcoal powder for a while, but I was more diligent about it last year because I had fewer diamond dust sightings. I find that the charcoal powder scenes are harder to photograph because I find them more literal.
Is it important for you to feel that you are moving on and finding something new, even if you are still visiting the same places?
Yes, I think “moving on and finding something new” is important to me. Increasingly, I find it difficult to make images that add something “extra” or “special”, and fear that my images are becoming “more of the same”.
I think it’s good to photograph in both new and old places. Photographing in new places can be both intimidating and exhilarating due to the unknown. I realised I’m using similar techniques like “backlighting” and “reflection”, but very often, different subjects and places demand a new approach, a new way of seeing creatively.
I think it’s good to photograph in both new and old places. Photographing in new places can be both intimidating and exhilarating due to the unknown. I realised I’m using similar techniques like “backlighting” and “reflection”, but very often, different subjects and places demand a new approach, a new way of seeing creatively. I enjoy that challenge. When I return to the “old” places, I find myself bringing the influences of the new places and subjects back with me.
How excited are you to begin to tread in the footsteps of those who have inspired and educated you, giving talks and now a workshop for Santa Fe Workshops?
I feel very blessed and fortunate, and I don’t take this opportunity for granted. It was beyond my wildest dreams when Reid Callanan, the director of the Santa Fe Workshops, wrote to invite me to teach for them. It’s both an honour and a privilege. Nevada told me that teaching has made her a better photographer. I agree with her fully because I was already experiencing the benefits, even at the preparation stage, when I was putting the lecture materials together. For example, I realised I had not been photographing in rain much, and I had not been photographing “layers” recently.
If you had to take a break from all things photographic for a week, what would you end up doing? What other hobbies or interests do you have?
I have been doing that every now and then. I love to swim, do gyrotonic and gyrokinesis, watch TV series and simply do nothing! Sleep is underrated!
And finally, is there someone whose photography you enjoy – perhaps someone that we may not have come across - and whose work you think we should feature in a future issue? They can be amateur or professional. Please include a link to their website or social media, as appropriate.
I’m a fan of Huibo Hou, Sandra Bartocha and Samuel Feron’s work.
Huibo photographs in black and white. I’m amazed at how she “sculpts” light in her images, and I love how she brings out detail in her blacks, adding more dimension and complexity to her images.
Sandra is a master at intimate landscapes and creating emotionally evoking images. She is unafraid, not bound by rules.
I’m a huge fan of Samuel’s creative interpretations of nature. His collections are so creative and cohesive. They have redefined what constitutes “a series” for me. He is also a very thoughtful photographer, and I find myself quoting what he has said in interviews during my workshop.
Her solo exhibition ‘Transcendence: Awakening the Soul’ will be at the Griffin Museum of Photography, Winchester, Massachusetts from 12 December - 7 January 2024.
We’re also fans of Huibo Hou and Sandra Bartocha, and you can read our interviews and articles they have written.
During an excursion through the Taunus mountains, I passed through one of the many beech woods that cover the mountains. It was a cold winter's day, shrouded in a low layer of clouds that gave the landscape a deep purple colour, and the thin layer of snow that had fallen the night before was barely visible.
During an excursion through the Taunus mountains, I passed through one of the many beech woods that cover the mountains. It was a cold winter's day, shrouded in a low layer of clouds that gave the landscape a deep purple colour, and the thin layer of snow that had fallen the night before was barely visible.
In this somber and melancholy landscape, the silent beeches rose black as the skeletons of a cathedral in ruins. My boots splashed through the thick mixture of snow and mud on the road, and I heard the echoes of a few creaking noises that softly broke the silence around me. I looked towards the tops of the trees and saw that they were swaying restlessly, getting closer and then moving away.
I was apprehensive, remembering some scientific article that explained that trees are capable of communicating with each other and reacting collectively to threats and aggressions from their surroundings. At that moment, I thought that the beeches, like a herd alarmed by a threat, were shifting nervously, warning each other of the presence of a danger, which was none other than myself, a human being – the species responsible for centuries of mass destruction of the woods – who was entering their territory. Small and alone as I was, I was anguished at being seen as a danger by the trees.
My relationship with the Earth has changed substantially over the years – due, among other things, to my love for landscape photography –and since that excursion, my relationship with trees has changed even more.
Science has contributed knowledge about the sensitivity and intelligence of the different living beings on Earth. While in the 1970s, I was sceptical about the assumption that talking to plants helped them grow more healthily. Today, I talk to them while watering them, just in case.
So, when I go on an excursion to take photos, in order not to cause any fear among the trees – real or imaginary, who knows – as I thought I had done on that winter excursion when I enter a wood, I usually murmur a greeting, whistle in reply to birdsong and, from time to time, rest the palms of my hands on the rough bark of an oak or elm, on the smooth bark of a beech or poplar, or on the fascinating bark of a birch tree.
And like the trees, I have the patience necessary to enjoy their company. But, despite everything, I can't help returning from each excursion with a certain elegiac feeling.
In short, rites of peace, rites of concord between species. Perhaps Claude Lévi-Strauss was right when he wrote, “It is therefore better, instead of contrasting magic and science, to compare them as two parallel modes of acquiring knowledge.”
Once the trees have been warned that I come in peace, I walk quietly and with a certain reverence among these still, silent beings, and I try to capture their beauty, harmony and dignity with the camera as they appear before me. I cannot avoid a tendency to romanticise them, as suggested by Novalis when claiming that the world had to be romanticised, “giving the ordinary a superior meaning, the vulgar a mysterious aspect, the known the dignity of the unknown, the finite an infinite appearance.”
I like to go on these photographic excursions where the trees live, especially in autumn and winter, when the fog and snow take over; I enjoy the silence and the light, whether I am taking photos or not. And like the trees, I have the patience necessary to enjoy their company. But, despite everything, I can't help returning from each excursion with a certain elegiac feeling.
Snow and Fog
On days when the landscape is covered in mist and snow, I prefer to walk around the edges of the woods rather than go into them.
These border spaces constitute, in these circumstances, a dual, ambiguous, inert world. On the one hand, the veiled shadow of the forest huddled together like a fearful herd; on the other, the tide of imprecision that runs through the landscape, greatly simplified, now revealing and now hiding the shadows of solitary trees. We will never know if they were dissenters and heterodox trees expelled from the forest or hermits and anchorites that sought another life in those translucent spaces.
Silence
Walking aimlessly through these woods, sometimes, very occasionally, one has magical, almost metaphysical encounters with arcane totems: the still-upright trunk of a dead tree in a corner of a clearing, suspended in the middle of a gesture whose meaning we do not know
In protected natural spaces (protected? from what? As absurd as it may seem, from us), silence subtly permeates the remote depths of the woods, a silence that any creak, echo or murmur turns into an almost tangible substance.
Walking aimlessly through these woods, sometimes, very occasionally, one has magical, almost metaphysical encounters with arcane totems: the still-upright trunk of a dead tree in a corner of a clearing, suspended in the middle of a gesture whose meaning we do not know; a broken, twisted tree, embalmed with mosses and lichens, already oblivious to the life that continues around it; a tree in a shady corner lying on a mound of fallen leaves, as if waiting with infinite patience for the mourners at its funeral.
In those encounters, silence becomes a feeling that invades and overwhelms us.
Light
During the winter, the trees and woods plunge into a shadowy, distant, silent state. Not even the snowfalls – scarcer and scarcer each year – manage to give the forest a less gloomy appearance.
Sometimes, however, there are moments of revelation. The forest becomes the mirage of a fantastic Gothic cathedral. Beech, oak, birch and spruce trees become sharply outlined columns that ascend vertiginously to support with their branches – for a few moments vaulted ribs and arches – a dome of weightless, diffuse light.
In these brief moments, the light reverberates between the trees, and the passage of time is suspended in the midst of a serene silence. And in the most remote corners of the forest, there are glimpses of chapels that house sylvan idols, whose meaning we do not know.
Patience
From time to time, on excursions, I come across specimens of huge trees. Although their shapes are very different, depending on the type of tree, whether beech, oak, chestnut, pine or spruce, their bearing is truly impressive.
From time to time, on excursions, I come across specimens of huge trees. Although their shapes are very different, depending on the type of tree, whether beech, oak, chestnut, pine or spruce, their bearing is truly impressive. When I look at those very tall trees, which are venerable, old and enormous and have branches that give them the appearance of fantastic beings, I think of Hermann Hesse's words about patience, the passage of time and silence: all development, all the beauty of the world needs time, and is based on patience and silence.
Elegy
Sometimes I walk through landscapes traversed by a breath of despair, in which time and space swirl in phantasmagorical whirlwinds that are barely perceptible and must be the timeless gazes of the lost souls of the trees that inhabited those landscapes, agitated and in pain because of what those landscapes were, and are no longer.
One of the most compelling aspects of photography is the fact that every photograph is a two-dimensional representation of a three-dimensional world, and yet there are photographers who are able to utilize techniques to trick the human eye into seeing two-dimensional objects in three dimensions. Even more fascinating is that through the use of shutter speed and aperture, a skilled photographer can also incorporate the fourth dimension - time. The subject of today’s essay, Klaus Axelsen, is a master at leveraging various tools in order to bring forth multi-dimensional visual delights in his photography. There are four tools and compositional aids in particular that Klaus uses to accomplish this task - form, shape, texture, and movement.
I was first introduced to Klaus’ photography when he submitted some stunning images to the Natural Landscape Photography Awards. I was so moved by his photography that I insisted that his work be represented in our perennial fine art photography books. Since then, I’ve spent some time looking closely at his images to try to determine what makes them so successful.
I first visited Mewslade Bay on the southwest corner of the Gower 28 years ago in 1995 whilst on a family holiday. I noted its great potential for me to photograph and planned to return as soon as possible with just my camera. I’d recently taken the big step of moving from 35mm slides to large format 5x4 black and white film photography and was keen to explore this new location.
I’ve been a keen photographer since the age of 16 when my parents bought me a Vöitlander Vito B to take on a school trip. It was with me throughout school and university. In 1973, I joined ILFORD in the production and engineering department. During my 13 years with ILFORD, my photography interest grew using first an OM1 and then an OM4 camera. My job had no direct involvement with photography but it was a real perk to be able to use the company’s products and darkrooms - for free! It was some 8 years after leaving ILFORD that I finally took the plunge into large format, and that was my preferred way of working for about the next 18 years when digital capture finally took over. Certain aspects of digital grabbed my attention much earlier in that I soon took to scanning my negatives, processing in Photoshop and printing with ink.
During the 10 years or so after my first visit to Mewslade, I returned with my 5x4 about 7 or 8 times, each for one day visits. The sandy bay is barely 500 yards wide at low tide, and the beach is inaccessible on either side of high tide. It is, therefore, important to plan a visit using tide tables otherwise, there’s potential disappointment. It’s best to be there during spring tides (large tidal coefficient) which is when the tide goes out the farthest and allows brief access to some small areas at the west of the bay that are otherwise inaccessible. Beware not to be stranded as the tide comes in!
During my early visits, I was preoccupied with photographing the vistas, views and scenes afforded by the beach with protruding rocks, the cliffs and the sea, which offered much variety and material to create compositions. The bay faces almost due south, so it is sunlit (when it shines!) throughout the day. As my photography progressed, I became increasingly drawn to what we now call “intimate landscapes”.
The bay faces almost due south, so it is sunlit (when it shines!) throughout the day. As my photography progressed, I became increasingly drawn to what we now call “intimate landscapes”.
I submitted a set of images to Roger Maile’s Creative Monochrome / PhotoArt International (remember that?), which included two images from Mewslade and much to my delight, they were published in issue 30 in Oct/Nov 2002. I’ll refer back to a coincidence relating to this a little later!
Digital capture finally caught up with me in 2010, and on my occasional visits to Mewslade gave me the option of colour or monochrome. I now enjoy producing images in both colour and monochrome and find that my work ends up about 50:50.
I’ve been a member of the RPS for several years. Around the start of 2020, I began to think of applying for an RPS distinction and with a local photography friend, we arranged to attend a 1:1 review day where we could discuss our ideas and candidates for consideration. I’d thought carefully about whether to try for an LRPS but eventually realised that I’d prefer to focus on my particular area of photographic interest, landscape, which starts at the ARPS level. Shortly before the review day, COVID arrived, and the review was cancelled, putting paid to any ambition I’d had. My intention was to take to the review a set of monochrome landscape prints which I’d produced over a long period of time, all of which were vistas and panoramas, and all were taken from easily accessible locations, none requiring any strenuous hiking or overnight camping. I wanted to illustrate what is “there for all to see”.
Almost two years later, I arranged for an RPS 1:1 advisory session with Tony Worobiec, a member of the RPS Landscape Panel. This took place over Zoom in early May 2022 and was very helpful and instructive.
In short, I was on the right track but still had some way to go. Towards the end of the session, I mentioned that I did have an alternative panel of monochrome prints, but all of the intimate landscapes from just one location, Mewslade Bay. Seeing this alternative, there was a very enthusiastic response, which I was encouraged to pursue.
Tony made several suggestions about how I could tackle some of the weaknesses that he felt needed addressing before I submitted my panel for assessment. These included ensuring that my 150 word “Statement of Intent” closely supported my 15 image panel, and vice versa. Tony provided some very positive advice about how the panel layout could be improved and some suggestions that some of the images weren’t quite up to the quality of the rest. In short, I was on the right track but still had some way to go. Towards the end of the session, I mentioned that I did have an alternative panel of monochrome prints, but all of the intimate landscapes from just one location, Mewslade Bay. Seeing this alternative, there was a very enthusiastic response, which I was encouraged to pursue.
At this point, I decided to make one further trip to Mewslade to see if I could find a few more images to fill a couple of areas that I wanted to improve. I’m so pleased that I made that trip, as it resulted in my finding a few more candidate images.
I then embarked on some further refinements to improve the balance and cohesion of my panel, which also entailed making a couple of substitutes from my last trip as well as some rearrangements. And this became my submission. I printed my 15 monochrome images and mounted them on 500x400mm board, prepared my final Statement of Intent and a layout print of how the prints are to be displayed on assessment day. Whilst most of the 15 images were taken digitally in the last few years, one image was taken on 5x4 film about 25 years ago.
I personally delivered the whole package to the RPS in Bristol, preferring not to entrust my precious work to anyone else. This was done on 20th July 2022, just two days before I had knee replacement surgery. I had been working to a deadline! The assessment was scheduled for 14th September.
In addition to the delivery of the prints, it is a requirement to also provide the 15 images as digital files for the assessment panel to review personally in advance of the actual “in hand” assessment.
It seems to be something that arises out of the repeating cycles of assembling and adjusting rather than a specific definable objective. I did find it very helpful to regularly stand well back from each candidate panel arrangement to the point where the individual images took a back seat to the overall impression that the arrangement made.
I’ve tried hard to put into words how cohesion and balance work and have found it almost impossible. It seems to be something that arises out of the repeating cycles of assembling and adjusting rather than a specific definable objective. I did find it very helpful to regularly stand well back from each candidate panel arrangement to the point where the individual images took a back seat to the overall impression that the arrangement made.
I attended the assessment day on Zoom. It was somewhat nerve-wracking to observe my work being discussed by the five highly regarded assessors. Joe Cornish chaired the assessment with Tony Worobiec, Tim Rudman, Paul Mitchell and Alex Nail. They had reviewed the digital images beforehand. A particularly positive comment was how the prints now seen in hand and examined carefully were far more satisfying than the first impressions made by viewing the digital versions on screen. And members expressed how good it was to see a panel of intimate landscapes printed in monochrome.
The coincidence referred to earlier is that in the issue of Creative Monochrome where there were 2 Mewslade and 7 other of my monochrome landscape images, there were also two articles written by my ARPS assessors Tony Worobiec and Tim Rudman! I know neither of them.
I’m occasionally asked what it means to have been awarded an ARPS. I suspect that I feel, like most who receive an award, that it is an acknowledgement from and recognition by fellow photographers for having achieved a significantly high level of competence and vision. Something to be very proud of.
Mewslade Bay: “Statement of Intent”
Over the course of 25 years, I’ve been taking photographs at Mewslade Bay on The Gower peninsula and at every visit, I find fresh interpretations and compositions.
For two hours, on either side of high tide, this small 500 metre wide bay is completely submerged. When the tide recedes, its varied and fascinating underwater landscape is revealed around the base of the steep cliffs. Remarkable rock sculptures and textured rocks are decorated with numerous patches of mussels and barnacles sitting above the few small rock pools and streams across the sand. The only significant landscape variable at this inspiring location is the light; the rocks and beach hardly change.
My panel is intended to show the fascinating variety of inspiring, intimate landscapes created by the sea along this short stretch of coast. Presenting Mewslade’s landscape in monochrome brings focus to the shapes, patterns and textures available for the creation of images.
RPS Special Interest Group
The Landscape Special Interest Group is dedicated to encouraging landscape photography and advancing the skills of its practitioners. Since its launch in 2016, the group has welcomed photographers of all levels, from beginners to experts, and offers a range of events, publications, and online platforms for members to share their work and collaborate with others. Find out more on their website.
Some of my favourite images are those that require me to spend some real time and effort understanding what I’m looking at. Having made me stop and stare, they don’t always offer up any clear answers, containing something tantalisingly close to reality but leaving so much open to interpretation and imagination. Photographs that grab me with something as simple as colours and shapes and then invite me to look closer.
Chris Harrison is a friend and a fellow Brighton based photographer. In June 2022, I exhibited some of his work at my gallery, and over the course of a month, I was lucky to be able to watch hundreds of people look at this picture and have broadly the same reaction as I did when I first saw it. They stop and look, often captured by the broad sweeps of red, blue and grey, and then they step a little closer and try to find something that gives a clue as to what they are seeing. Is it a painting or a photograph? Is it a single image or some sort of collage? Trying to unlock this puzzle meant that people often spent more time with this picture than many others, enjoying the questions it asked and the answers they found.
The photograph (a single image) is the view through a very damp and smeary window on the top of a double decker bus. I think anyone who has spent time on a fuggy bus journey on a wet winter day can relate to the condensation dripping down the windows and the blurry view of slow traffic and wet people scurrying around below. Chris describes this as a photograph taken at the end of a long day, which he felt had yielded nothing of any interest, and I think it’s easy to see some of that frustration in the picture. As viewers, we are trapped on the bus, too, the details of the view blurred and hidden around the edges. We want to see more, but we can’t.
As summer is ending and fall will be making its annual appearance soon, I can’t help but wonder what kind of scenery it will display. When I first moved to Utah from Panama in 2012, I took it for granted that each year would summon a vibrant and colourful show as the maples, oaks, and aspens would explode with dazzling hues of red, yellow, and orange. Golden leaves would carpet the forest floor. The sunlight would turn soft and silver as it filtered through grey clouds. The air would turn crisp, clean, and cool.
I enjoy experiencing and photographing every season, as each one possesses its own kind of unique beauty and essence—the naked trees and hushed quiet of winter; the radiant greens, rain showers, and buds of spring; the fields of wildflowers and thawing alpine lakes of summer—but over the years I have come to look forward to autumn the most. Perhaps it is because I was born in the middle of fall. However, in recent years, it has become less and less predictable as to what each autumn season will bring.
2020 was the driest and hottest fall season I have ever experienced. In fact, it didn’t feel like fall at all. The signature colours were absent, as trees dropped their leaves while still green, a survival tactic they employ to decrease their surface area when subject to too much sunlight and heat. This is done to prevent perspiring too much moisture and to be able to retain enough water to survive winter. However, if they cannot photosynthesise for sufficient time before going dormant for the long winter, they may not have enough glucose to make it until spring. But just like us, trees will die of thirst much sooner than hunger. (Here's an article on the science of autumn/fall colour/color - Tim)
Between travels, we’re catching up with US photographer Joseph Rossbach, who has a love of the outdoors and photography that began in his school days. He made the decision to commit to nature photography relatively early, and we talk about how he has made a career of it. He’s clearly happiest in the field and has estimated that he spends half his year travelling across the US. Joe still has his film cameras and occasionally uses them. In between the application and patience that he learned through film photography is applied to his digital work, whether open landscapes or complex woodland.
Would you like to start by telling readers a little about yourself – where you grew up and what your early interests were?
I grew up along the Chesapeake Bay in a somewhat rural area in Maryland and come from a tight knit family. I was raised by my stay at home Mom and Dad and have both a younger sister and a brother. Growing up through the 8’s, life was filled with playing outside, hiking, swimming in the bay, fishing and all kinds of outdoor pursuits. No computers, video games or cell phones during my childhood, which I am very thankful for. Not having those kinds of distractions allowed for lots of time with friends and family, and lots of adventures in the woods and through the neighborhood.
You went into photography straight out of high school. Did anything in particular prompt your choice of career and how hard was it to make it work financially?
That's true. When I graduated High School, I already had a love of photography and knew that I wanted to have some kind of a career in the medium. Art school is something I considered, but most of the photographic programs available were aimed towards commercial photography, such as glamour, portrait, etc. I knew I wanted to pursue outdoor photography and frankly, it seemed like it would be a waste of money at the time. So, I took jobs in photography freelancing for years. I learned a lot about the business of photography over those many years, and it also taught me about deadlines and responsibility. I made just enough money all those years to put it right back into travel, and enough ramen noodles to keep me fed.
‘Flux’ is the first exhibition by Geraint Evans. It aims to raise funds for the Leeds Hospital Charity, the fundraising arm of the Leeds Cancer Centre. 35% of any sales will go to this very worthy cause, providing specialist medical equipment, research and development and patient ‘home comforts’ to patients in Bexley Wing, St James’s University Hospital.
November 2023 – January 2024 St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF
Woodland Wonder
Well, firstly, this is a collection of images from the woodlands of West and North Yorkshire.
West and North Yorkshire are not well endowed with woodland. The region is best known for its moors, such as Ilkley, gritstone landscapes as at Brimham, and rivers: the Wharfe, Aire and Nidd. However, nestled in the steep-sided valleys created by those rivers that begin life in the limestone Yorkshire Dales to the west and which then cut through the overlying gritstone, are hidden wooded areas.
These are not the easiest woods to access. They occupy steeply sloping valley sides with few paths, and they are certainly chaotic. They have none of the order we often see in woodland photographs. Although humans have, of course, exploited these woods over centuries, their use has been largely confined to quarrying the grit that lies beneath rather than felling the trees, so these locations are home to many old specimens: oak, beech, the blighted ash and of course the ubiquitous birch, interspersed with hawthorn and many gorgeous examples of rowan.
I’m sure we have all read about and watched many vlogs telling us how to simplify woodland images, telling us you can only take woodland photographs in the mist - but for me, while a bit of mist is lovely, it is composing the relationships of elements in a woodland scene that is so rewarding. While I like a lone tree or a winding path as much as the next person, that’s a very rare sight in the woods of Yorkshire. Therefore, what I have always sought to do is make images that express the complex and changing forms, patterns, textures and colours of these wooded areas. What inspires and engages me is the interrelationship between these elements.
All the photographs in the exhibition are taken in these woods. All are within 30 minutes’ drive of my home on the edge of Leeds.
I seriously began attempting to photograph these woods on my walks with my first digital camera in 2014. But it was only when I acquired a Hasselblad 501c with its 6x6 format and discovered the colours I was getting from using Kodax Porta and Fujifilm Provia film that I found what I had been looking for. I have a digital camera and love using it, but there was something about the images I was getting back, once developed, and then digitally worked on in Lightroom, that I loved, and for me, evoked what I had seen, experienced and felt in the woods.
The images themselves were the result of spending hours in a few woodland settings. Both as a child and then an adult, I have always spent time in the woods. It was this love of woods, the change to my photography that I found with the Hasselblad and the slow realisation that I had a body of work that led me to think that I could perhaps go forward and submit for a Royal Photographic Society Associate Fellowship. This I successfully did in May 2021, the panel being chaired by none other than a certain Mr Joe Cornish.
Cancer, and comfort
So why an exhibition in a Leeds hospital for the Leeds Hospital Charity? Well, not long after that RPS submission, at the end of May 2021, I developed a sore throat - but as you do, and as COVID was all around, I did nothing for a for a few days. Then, on closer examination with a head torch, I discovered not a sore throat but a very large and angry red lump where my left tonsil should have been. All those adverts and advice are right - check yourself!
There followed an amazing and bewilderingly rapid series of biopsies, scans and meetings, the upshot of which was a diagnosis of stage 4 cancer in my tonsil, neck and, unfortunately, a further spread to an area in my hip bone. Shockingly, the prognosis was not good. At one point, my partner and were informed that palliative treatment was the only option, without which I would probably have about a year. I’ll not bore you with the ins and outs of what happened next and of the treatment, suffice to say that after a course of chemotherapy followed by courses of radiotherapy to throat, neck and hip, I had this June 2023, my one year all clear scan, much to the surprise of all.
The NHS care, support, treatment and ongoing aftercare have been overwhelming. Across every department and every level, from GPs, community nurses, support teams, aftercare teams, dental, chemo and radiotherapy staff to the Oncology consultants, the level of professionalism and patient care blew me and my partner away.
Throughout treatment, at least when I wasn’t laid out with a dose of chemo or during the hardest radiotherapy treatment time, supported by my wonderful partner, I was out in those same woods. I recall, in particular, a day in November near the end of my chemo, just standing in the woods, completely soaked, yet feeling that there was nowhere else I’d rather be. The colours were hanging on in the last of the leaves, and the rain was that sort, so fine it formed almost a mist. Being immersed in the outdoors in the landscape gave me a sense of calm, a pool of calm in a sea of anxiety. A moment, glade-like, of happiness, surrounded by complex dark undergrowth. What I hope my images speak of is that calm, that glade. The connection with the landscape that I felt then in a fog of chemo, in a mist of rain.
The photographs also speak, I hope, of other things I felt during that time. For me, at least, the images portray the way in which woods change, they flux over the seasons and their complexity, their interwovenness in a way that made me think about myself. The changes I was going through, which so many of us will experience, and the complex nature of our bodies.
Every visit to the Bexley Wing of St James Hospital (and there were many, including 35 days straight with Christmas off for just the throat and neck radiotherapy) also meant one bright, uplifting experience each time, which was to walk through the foyer of the wing, the exhibition space. The foyer space is very large and white and very bright. Each visit meant passing the uplifting works of art that are hung there, pausing to look, see and soak up some of the light. What gave me the push to think an exhibition might be possible was seeing the abstract paintings of someone I knew, someone I had not seen for years but who, in a former life I’d stood on street corners with, flogging a certain left wing paper every Saturday, and who had also gone through a very similar experience to me.
Seeing Paul’s work, experiencing the joy of walking through the foyer, along with having a body of work that had continued to sustain me during a tough time led me to take the plunge and speak to St James about a possible exhibition, with the aim of hopefully giving something back for all the care, support, treatment - and above all, my life - by supporting the Leeds Hospital Charity.
Selecting images, having the right level of scan and size, and choosing paper and frames have all been a lot to learn, but if some images were to sell, then it would be for a very worthy cause.
Venue and directions
Bexley Wing, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF
Artists are often consumed by their work, devoted to their craft and isolated to the point of appearing selfish beings. As a child, I have always been fascinated by one's dedication to the arts, and as an adult, it is the way I approach not only my work but also my life. Notoriously, many artists didn't invest much time cultivating relationships, not even the closest ones, furthering the perception of being selfish. Why is that? Is it the unwillingness to spend time doing other things besides their art? Is it because the search for inspiration requires a certain lifestyle? Or, maybe, is it because their selfishness is difficult to understand for those who aren't like them?
Alberto, surprised about my news, asked how I was planning to turn my passion for photography into a profession. As I initiated verbalising my response, I paused, gazed away and said something I wasn't expecting to say, something I wouldn't have shared so easily with others. "It takes selfishness", I said.
A rare meeting
My parent's house is located on top of an isolated hill with only another house in its vicinity. Alberto's parents live in that house, but despite him being my neighbour, I hardly saw him growing up. From the few occasions I happened to spend time with him, I knew he was a clever person with a bright future. Out of mutual respect, we always said that we should meet up, but we never really did, except for one time, during a time of changes in our lives, when we were both 28 years old. Coincidentally, we had both gone back to our hometown on the Samnite Apennines to visit our parents during the summer. Our paths crossed one morning along the unpaved road leading uphill, and after a quick chat, we decided to meet in a café after lunch.
Alberto had just passed a state exam and was set to start a new job as a mathematician for the Italian national railway company and to move to a new city. As it happens, I quit my animation career the previous year to try to make a living as a travel and landscape photographer and moved from northern England to France, following a career change from my (French) girlfriend.
Alberto, surprised about my news, asked how I was planning to turn my passion for photography into a profession. As I initiated verbalising my response, I paused, gazed away and said something I wasn't expecting to say, something I wouldn't have shared so easily with others. "It takes selfishness", I said. Even more surprised, he wanted to know what I meant by that.
In my previous article, “Landscape Photography - Solitude or Isolation?” (On Landscape Issue 280), I presented a view that there is a tangible difference between solitude and isolation in the context of landscape and nature photography. I suggested that there are times when being alone in nature is not always a positive experience, particularly for those people who suffer from mental health issues such as anxiety or depression.
I have given this topic further thought both during and after a recent trip to visit a very close friend, Klaus, in Germany. We spent a whole week together, spending hours every day out in the field, sometimes creating images while standing a few yards apart, other times in the same general area but not within sight of each other. Reflecting on that time, I have recognised and appreciated just how positive and valuable the experience was.
My overall feeling is that I experienced a mix of solitude and socialisation, both positive from my perspective. Each of us could choose to spend time alone, taking ourselves away to search for a composition without any input or influence from the other.
My overall feeling is that I experienced a mix of solitude and socialisation, both positive from my perspective. Each of us could choose to spend time alone, taking ourselves away to search for a composition without any input or influence from the other. Equally, we could choose to spend time together working in the same area, enjoying the environment, sharing some friendly banter, and providing each other with valuable and objective feedback on composition, technique, and individual creativity.
During the week, I did not experience one moment of isolation. I could choose to be on my own, to have periods of quiet solitude and reflection, or I could choose to spend time in the company of my friend. Even in those times, I still experienced a sense of solitude when working on a specific image. Composing the image, considering the technical requirements, and then finally the act of reviewing the image is a complete process that stimulates solitude, that feeling of timelessness when you are completely absorbed in your practice and when the world outside of your own mind is temporarily switched off and forgotten. Between images, I benefitted greatly from the social aspects of practising my photography alongside a special friend, a like-minded person with aligned values about nature, the environment, and our approach to photography. The practice of seeking critical feedback from someone you respect is incredibly valuable and rewarding, and in my case only served to stimulate my creativity and willingness to adopt techniques that previously I might have been closed to.
Spending time practising photography with another person can simply represent an act of socialisation. However, it can also mean so much more. It can lead to a longer-term collaboration with a much deeper and more rewarding relationship. Sharing your creative process, your ideas, and your images and offering critical feedback are all advantageous but rely upon a great deal of trust. Trust that the feedback you offer and that which you receive is given with the best of intent and will result in learning and insight rather than a loss of confidence. In my experience, a high level of trust is needed for a collaborative relationship to work. Therefore, it is very important to ensure your values and motives are aligned.
Over time, a collaboration can grow beyond the simple act of spending time together in the field. My friendship with Klaus started when we met at a workshop in Torridon in 2019, and the friendship has grown since then but also has developed into a photographic collaboration. In addition to meeting up to take photographs or attend workshops together, we have a regular video call where we take the opportunity to review and critique each other’s images, shared in advance. .
I know that there will always be days when that feeling of isolation will visit me and will fill me with sadness, anxiety, and possibly temporary depression. That is simply the way it is, and the challenge is to manage and minimise those occasions in whatever way possible.
I personally have found this practice incredibly rewarding, receiving feedback which often has resulted in minor changes which have improved the photograph. We know the feedback is given with good intent, and the trust between us means that we can offer opinions without fear of upset. Equally, we both know we can agree to disagree.
In conclusion, I stand by my assertion that the solitary practice of photography is not always beneficial to our wellbeing, and that there are some significant benefits to be gained from spending time with other photographers in the field or in the wider aspects of photography. I know that there will always be days when that feeling of isolation will visit me and will fill me with sadness, anxiety, and possibly temporary depression. That is simply the way it is, and the challenge is to manage and minimise those occasions in whatever way possible. For me personally, I will look for more opportunities to spend time out in the field with others, not at the expense of seeking solitude, but as an antidote to isolation, and for the undoubted benefits of friendship, support, and personal development.
I began my photography journey nearly 30 years ago, inspired by the work of Ansel Adams and my love for the deserts of the American Southwest. Over the years, my photography has continuously evolved, transitioning from film to digital and, years later, back to film, from black and white photography to colour, and finally to large format photography with both colour and black and white film, ultimately producing Silver Gelatin prints in the darkroom. In recent years, when photographing in colour, I find myself avoiding grand landscapes with skies and instead focusing more on capturing patterns, colours, and trees.
Art possesses the ability to evoke emotions that often cannot be expressed in words. Photography, in particular, freezes a moment in time with the hope of conveying the photographer's intended emotions to the viewer. One photographer who exemplifies mastery in this art is Christopher Burkett, who has skillfully and patiently been creating photographs for many decades. Often referred to as the colour Ansel Adams of the modern world, Burkett meticulously prints all his work on Cibachrome photographic paper made from 8x10 colour transparencies.
His artistic vision, love of natural beauty, and remarkable technical craftsmanship combine to express the grace, light, and beauty of the natural world. A quote from the artist's own statement captures this essence perfectly: “The miracle of life unfolds before our eyes and is seen in the tapestry of creation. All of our world, each living cell, every stone and drop of water, even the air and light around us, reflects and mirrors the glory and presence of the Creator and calls us to respond with wonder and praise.”
My introduction to Burkett's body of work occurred at a gallery in the town of Carmel-by-the-Sea in Northern California. Viewing his photos in person is a must. Having exclusively used a large format camera for the past 10 years, I can truly appreciate the patience and skills involved in his photographs. If you have ever made an exposure in the woodland using a large format camera, you understand that it often requires an exposure time ranging from four to forty seconds! This challenge is further compounded by the movement of leaves caused by the slightest breeze. A woodland scene can genuinely test one's patience and skills.
Welcome to our 4x4 feature, which is a set of four mini landscape photography portfolios which has been submitted for publishing. Each portfolio consists of four images related in some way. Whether that's location, a project, a theme or a story.
The natural beauty of Dumfries and Galloway, I always find myself with my camera in hand, ready to get the next shot. With the weather constantly changing, it allows for dramatic lighting, which always helps to add extra drama to the photograph. The scale of the vast landscapes is always stunning and deeply inspiring, I find myself taking a moment to reflect and take in the views around me.
I enjoy exploring Dumfries and Galloway as the scenery inspires me to get outdoors and appreciate the natural environment. This series of images shows how quickly the weather changes and the natural beauty that the country has to offer.
I have read that there is such a technique called ICM Photography, wherever you turn your camera to slow shutter speed. The camera movement mimics that of a moving subject to keep the subject sharp and the background blurred.
I come from a Photography background and I believe this type of photography brings out the expressionist painter in all of us. I think that it is important in ICM Photography that how you want to express yourself with your camera.
A four-mile sand spit is the defining feature of a unique park on the Pacific coast at Manzanita, Oregon. Nehalem Bay State Park is a place of many wonders, where the sand spit separates the ocean on one side from the bay on the other. The bay has been formed by the confluence of the beautiful Nehalem River with the Pacific. For a number of years, it has been a favourite place of mine for walking, photographing and, in general, contemplating the wonders of the natural world.
At low tide on the bay side, one can often see bits of seagrass, and I have been fascinated by the swirling patterns created by the receding tides, forming one of a kind designs while seeming to freeze the grasses in motion—that is, until the tide comes in again. For me, these ‘artistic’ grass patterns prove that Nature really is the consummate artist. The rest of us merely copy.
I’ve talked previously about a schism in landscape photography between the ‘traditional’ and the ‘contemporary’. The difference between the search for the beautiful and wild and the pseudo-documentary or post-modern approach which seems to preclude the concept of beauty.
This reductive approach to the range of photography out there has, fortunately, become a little less clear over the last decade. There are many people creating beautiful, traditional landscape photographs with a project-based approach, philosophy or story (etc.), and there are many contemporary photographers who have begun to embrace beauty (or should I say, these photographers are beginning to get recognition where previously they may have not).
Unfortunately, finding photographers that ‘bridge the divide’ is often difficult, and potential viewers on either side of that divide quite often have a look 'over the wall' and quickly retreat once their preconceptions are confirmed.
This is why I was really pleased to discover Hoxton Mini Press’ “This Pleasant Land”. Rosalind Jana, the books author, has chosen a range of photographers that despite living on the contemporary side of the 'wall', create work that is a damn sight more accessible than a lot of contemporary landscape photography (that typically recycles New Topographics ad infinitum or tends more toward social documentary and the alt-architectural).
The work ranges from the more overtly beautiful, classical works from the likes of Paul Hart, Nicholas J R White and Harry Cory Wright to the classically contemporary social landscapes of Simon Roberts and Melanie Friend and the more post-modern landscapes of Jem Southam and Robert Darch to the experimental landscapes of Sarah Pickering and Miriam Nabarro.
But the joy of the book isn’t in further pigeonholing content, it is from absorbing the content with an open mind and discovering for yourself what makes the work what it is. Like most compilations, you probably won’t like all the work within, but if you’ve an open mind, I’m sure you’ll appreciate quite a lot of it, and perhaps it might provide some germ of inspiration for your own work.
So what have I taken from the book? I’ll pick out six photographers that made me think more about the sort of work I want to create.
Robin Friend - Bastard Countryside
Robin’s photographs of the collision of the man made and the natural and the recalamtion of human detritus, are beguiling to me. The images are ugly beautiful. They initially repulse (slightly), especially if you have a classic landscape photographer's desire for beauty. But upon examining them, they grow on you. Perhaps I don’t want to create similar work but I love the upending of expectation and the desire to create strong and compelling compositions from difficult subjects.
The accident of the random place where childhood takes place has an indelible imprint on one’s relationship with one’s surroundings. In my case, building microcosms in the humid grass, playing hide-and-seek by the crags, climbing trees in the woods and jumping into the cold beck are the childhood experiences that helped to build a playful relationship with the natural environment. Student and then adult life led to cities and to decades of living abroad in a dry Mediterranean climate where land had no mystery and seemed to be nothing but property. Memories of the lost childhood experiences crept into dreams, and a growing melancholic nostalgia demanded attention.
Decades ago, while showing my young son a Japanese children’s picture book of a man’s journey through landscapes of Europe1,
Shanshui Hua (山水画) is an ancient (11th Century) style of traditional Chinese landscape painting that depicts natural scenes, including mountains, water and waterfalls.
the possibility of telling the story of a puzzling search for harmony began to reactivate my creativity and photographic practice. The possibility of creating a scroll-like photographic labyrinth, ‘an inward journey that explores the outside world,’2 began to take shape and organise my research.
Shanshui Hua (山水画) is an ancient (11th Century) style of traditional Chinese landscape painting that depicts natural scenes, including mountains, water and waterfalls. Reading these and similar Japanese and Korean landscapes, the eye is taken out of Western perspective and into a two-dimensional space that moves through time as the journey unravels vertically and horizontally along symbolic and suggestive paths, bridges, rocks and trees in the visually poetic journey through the landscape. The ancient Shanshui artists explored the relationship between urban life and people’s yearning for nature3.
They developed a code of representation that included winding Paths that lead to a Threshold and then a Heart or focal point that defines the meaning of the painting. The rhythmic movement of lines used in calligraphy and ink painting developed into innovative techniques for producing multiple perspectives, which the most renowned Shanshui artist, Guo Xi, called ‘the angle of totality’. This allegorical style of painting allowed the artists to relate mood to the natural scenes: light and dark, mist and vapours, and so create feelings of lightness, sadness or tranquillity4.
Early Spring, painted by Northern Song dynasty artist Guo Xi (c.1020 – c. 1090 AD)
I recently returned back to live in the north of England. The hills and valleys have a rich history covered by woodland moss. In the 8th Century, the English monk and historian, The Venerable Bede, called this last British Celtic kingdom to fall to the Angles Silva Elmete: The Forest of Elmet. In his collaboration with the photographer Fay Godwin, the poet Ted Hughes described this area of the Calder Valley, west of Halifax, as ‘an uninhabitable wilderness’ before it became the ‘hardest worked river in England’ in the introduction to Remains of Elmet5. The combination of poetry and photography tells stories that take the reader to wormholes through the history and geography of the area.,
I recently returned back to live in the north of England. The hills and valleys have a rich history covered by woodland moss. In the 8th Century, the English monk and historian, The Venerable Bede, called this last British Celtic kingdom to fall to the Angles Silva Elmete: The Forest of Elmet.
310 million years ago, the water from the tops of the soggy Pennine hills cut deep, ebbing and flowing valleys through the grit and sandstone and down to the valley of the River Calder. Before the railways and canals were built, these streams powered the early industrial age, and the paths beside them connected communities. Now, the moss-covered ruins of derelict mills and overgrown pack horse trails along the valleys tell what ‘remains’ of this history. These photographs were taken in this wild woodland area along the flowing water through the seasons with Shanshui paintings in mind.
Cameras are Time Machines that can transport one back to the emotions of when the frame was taken. However, the intentional use of visual references, composition and allegory takes one on quite another journey that connects past and present cultures through shared visual language. Ink on silk calligraphy gave no room for error, but photography allows control of intention through a process of reduction. Some of the process is about what is intended, but much more is about what is not. The photographic process involves a conceptual but intuitive framing, distancing and focusing that reduces the real field of perception to a very different composed rectangle. The reduction eliminates unwanted figures and highlights those desired.
The rangefinder facilitates peripheral vision and multiple, slightly different, frames of the same scene, and the depth of field control allows for evocative suggestion of elements similar to ‘the angle of totality’ – then the editing identifies the overly composed and formal; the picturesque or bucolic; the romantic and the plain boring - or the interestingly banal that fits the intention. A sense of timelessness is one of the intentions that determines this reduction. Completely natural scenes are of interest, where only trees, trails, thresholds, rivers and stones appear - Signs of modern life are not.
Cultivating paradox through the gentle juxtaposition of elements generates the same childhood pleasure as described above: The flow of water over the stillness of stone the movement of leaves in the wind. The Daoist juxtaposition of the enduring and the ephemeral6 is mirrored by the photographic instant - and a lifetime.
The flow of water over the stillness of stone the movement of leaves in the wind. The Daoist juxtaposition of the enduring and the ephemeral6 is mirrored by the photographic instant - and a lifetime.
Why? Who is this for? The idea that an artistic expression of harmony was an allegory for reinforcing the dominant social foundations is still a compelling argument. Landscape art has long been associated with power and order, especially in 11th Century dynastic China. My early artwork from the mid-1980’s, created during my ecological awakening, addressed a feeling of helpless alienation. However, at this moment of environmental crisis, creating lyrically evocative narratives that connect us to our landscape is an act of resistance. This way of perceiving the natural world has also become a personal way of building a playful relationship with the landscape that addresses memory, nostalgia, history, landscape, place, storytelling and the passing of time.
References
Anno, M. (1997) ‘Anno’s journey’ Penguin Publishing Group
Quote taken from Ward, P. (2021) ‘The archive of Bernard Taylor’ Understory Books
I first chatted with Kristel back in 2018 when she launched her first book, VARIATIONS WITH TREES. What struck me was her dedication and her vision for her landscape photography. She said in the interview, "Photography is now more than just a passion for me; it's a way of living and the best way to express myself more creatively."
From doing many interviews, I know the painstaking hours that must be spent researching subjects, being out in the landscape in all weathers with the camera, post processing and compiling photographs for the book. Her way of life has obviously enabled her to creatively tell the intimate story of "The River Allier" (The lifeblood of the Auvergne landscape, stretching 425 km from South to North in the heart of France).
She has collaborated with the pianist Fabrizio Paterlini, who wrote an album inspired by the images and ideas from Kristel's book (to be released soon!). A great example of how music and photographs can work together to create great pieces of creative output.
Would you like to start by telling readers a little about yourself – where you grew up, what your early interests were, and what you went on to do?
I spent my childhood in the Netherlands, close to the serene forests and white dunes. Although the area was beautiful, I didn't always appreciate the natural wonders around me, especially as my friends would often go to the beach while my family took us on vacation in the Italian Dolomites. My father loved long hikes, and so we spent our holidays at higher altitudes, carrying enough supplies in our backpacks for whole-day treks. On weekends and after school, I often found myself on the tennis courts. This changed rapidly when I moved to Amsterdam and started a career in the corporate world. It made me travel a lot, professionally and privately. My passion for photography started in Asia, where I fell in love with the cultures and captured intimate scenes of locals and their colourful surroundings.
Eventually, I moved to Auvergne, in central France, where I was able to reconnect with the mountains and forests that had captivated me during my youth. It was then that I truly realised just how precious those memories and experiences were from my childhood.
At what point did photography become more than a hobby? Did anything in particular prompt this?
My fortieth year proved to be a turning point in my life. I was on the verge of burning out, so I decided to step off the corporate treadmill to focus on my photography.
Although I am primarily self-taught in photography, I enrolled in various masterclasses and evening courses at the Amsterdam Photo Academy. After moving to France, I made photography my primary focus and started organising my own workshops. My client base quickly expanded beyond France to the UK, Belgium, the Netherlands, and even the USA. Soon, I received my first assignments and joined Nordic Vision Fotoreizen, the Dutch photo travel company. At that time and still now, I am the only woman among a team of eleven photographers (https://fotoreizen.net/team). Gender inequality is still quite common in the (nature) photography industry. However, I am pleased to see more women entering the professional world, although progress remains slow in all aspects. Photography has become my creative way of life, and although my income is much lower, I have no regrets about the decision to turn my life around.
You worked as a communication consultant for a pharmaceutical company before you moved to being a full-time landscape photographer. How did you manage the transition?
I consider myself fortunate that my employer allowed me to work independently during a transition period to finalise my projects in France. This gradual approach allowed me to gradually say farewell to the corporate world and welcome my new life. When my contract ended, I had a brief moment of doubt, wondering if I had made the right choice. However, as I focused more on my photography, my concerns faded away, and I was able to embrace a new way of living, one that was more creative and fulfilling.
The series LS XII, shot in the Puna plateau between Argentina and Bolivia, came together as many things in life: a compromise. I use a 4x4 to travel around; while on a project, I live in it to be able to stay as close as possible to what I want to explore and photograph. It’s a mandatory thing to be able to move in deserts and also have a safe place to sleep, cook and live. Originally, I wanted to follow up the series I shot in 2017 in the States, using a rented one, but to my great surprise, they didn’t let me send my 4x4 from Europe to the States. But they said, ‘You can ship it to Uruguay or Argentina, no problem’. Three days later, I came back to the broker with a yes but without a plan.
I had a few people talking to me about ‘some mountains in the north of Argentina’, but my idea of it was something like the Peruvian rainbow mountain, a limited place with tourists around. Little did I know I was going to discover an area of roughly half a million square km, the size of France for quick comparison, of an altitude desert between 3200 and 5000+ meters above sea level. But I also discovered it doesn’t have the same road network as France, I discovered how intensely hot the sun is at that altitude, how cold it could get at night, and how dry, windy, sandy, dusty, salty and exhausting conditions could be; and how remote places are.
Iceland and Morocco are the other places I shot in which I really felt cut off from the world, but there’s no comparison with the Puna. It took me a total of 6 months, divided into three trips, to be confident with the amount of material I had because, of course, given the above conditions, every advancement was very costly in terms of resources, and every error could be fatal in the sense of having to abandon the car in a very remote place. Even so, I had my moments of “Will I make it through this?” the highlight of which was being stranded overnight at 5,000m while caught in a lightning storm. Or when I pushed it to the limits of my resistance by sleeping ten days straight at an average of -15 Celsius while trying to get out of the car to photograph at sunrise and sunset, then changing to only sunset, and then changing to ‘better get out of here soon’.
As for every new environment I get to photograph, the first time is the most critical; not having first hand experience of what it means to travel in that environment brings risks, and mistakes are inevitable. No matter how prepared I try to be by reading blogs and gathering information, there’s always a discrepancy between what I imagine and what I’m actually able to do.
As for every new environment I get to photograph, the first time is the most critical; not having first hand experience of what it means to travel in that environment brings risks, and mistakes are inevitable. No matter how prepared I try to be by reading blogs and gathering information, there’s always a discrepancy between what I imagine and what I’m actually able to do.
Adding up to all this, we also had a pandemic in the middle and all the subsequent bureaucratic struggle to justify a car with an Italian license plate left in South America. But as always in travelling, all these struggles are quickly overshadowed by how enriching the experiences are to the point I always joke that all these efforts for photo series are just an excuse to go out there and force me into self-development. I see and get to spend time in places I would have never seen otherwise, get to appreciate knowing people who live differently and practically became a solo traveller with good chances of surviving also into the most remote places of South America.
But as always in travelling, all these struggles are quickly overshadowed by how enriching the experiences are to the point I always joke that all these efforts for photo series are just an excuse to go out there and force me into self-development.
But even so, by looking at the whole map of South America, I only covered a fraction of it, and also, within that fraction, there are still places that would have deserved more time and are definitely worth a second visit.
After all this struggle, I was left with a relatively huge amount of images, around 260 large format negatives, which took a while to drum scan and edit and that I’m now presenting to you and on my website as well. The element that was strikingly present while I was working on the series was the pioneeristic feeling it had, contrary to the previous series that I shot in the Canaries, of which every single angle is known, and that wanted to use the landscape to play with the perception of Time and Space, this time I really couldn’t do much more than trying to drive to a place, get out, explore and photograph.
I’ve let things arrive to me rather than going on a hunt for a particular thing that would help me illustrate what I had in mind. As a result, it came out as a conceptually speaking vintage series, and it was no more than a virgin land, a guy and a camera.
It brought me back to the voyeuristic period of my learning about photography; I felt like the land was so overwhelming that rather than thinking about what to do with its angles, I could only, like in a dream, let events flow and see what the landscape was sending to me during my daily wanderings.
It brought me back to the voyeuristic period of my learning about photography; I felt like the land was so overwhelming that rather than thinking about what to do with its angles, I could only, like in a dream, let events flow and see what the landscape was sending to me during my daily wanderings.
I floated into my photographic routine around a place up to the point when, after some days, I thought I had enough and then moved towards the next possibility I had in mind. Maybe 100 km away, into an offroad path, keeping an eye on how much fuel was left in the tanks, how much water I had, and sincerely giving a thank you to the engine when it was flawlessly starting every morning out of a freezing night not leaving me stranded in the middle of nowhere.
I’ve always loved the sound of crows cawing. It has been suggested that they may even have their own language. Every Summer, when I was a small boy, rooks would nest in a tree in a neighbour’s garden. I would lie in bed listening to them talk and try to imagine what they were saying. Why make a noise at all? The sound of crows cawing remains incredibly comforting to me
Writing about work is such a strange thing to do, for me at least. Especially a few years after a series has been finished, made into a book and exhibited, etc. But at the same time, there is perhaps a clarity and focus afforded by the passage of time. At the beginning, the reasons for creation are always very intense and difficult. The ideas ebb and flow; there's confusion and self-doubt amongst other scatter-brained moments of bewilderment. But show me anyone who doesn't go through that process. I think it's inevitable; it's just some people hide it better than others. So, coming back to this work has been a rather enlightening experience for me.
There were numerous original reasons for making it, all interwoven with my life at the time, and while these reasons are still incredibly personal, I have found a little peace since then. A few people played a part in the creation of this work, albeit indirectly and not always in a positive way, however, their inclusion, while not immediately obvious in the photographs, is nonetheless there and, in a small sense, is a goodbye to them. We also had a global pandemic while I was making the work, plus the inevitable Brexit fallout.
Maybe I should talk a little about the work itself? I'm often asked what the white line is in some of the photographs. Life divided. We'll touch on this later on. It's actually a fold in a print of the work, which was subsequently rescanned for those of you who are interested. The handwritten notes that I included were usually attached to deflated balloons, which, thanks to a prevailing wind, seemed to make their way to where I made most of the work.
To begin with, I didn't connect the notes with the work I was making, I just started to collect them whenever I saw them (occasionally going to great lengths to remove them from high branches or generally difficult places. I still have scars but at the very least I picked up some litter). After a while, it became clear that the words in these notes were narrating the story as it was being made, so with some subtractions for sensitive words or names, I incorporated them into the series. They were mostly messages to passed loved ones, which fit almost too snugly with my own reasons for making the work in the first place.
After a while, it became clear that the words in these notes were narrating the story as it was being made, so with some subtractions for sensitive words or names, I incorporated them into the series. They were mostly messages to passed loved ones, which fit almost too snugly with my own reasons for making the work in the first place.
So on we went, and it slowly became something tangible. Then, thanks to a few very kind people, it became a book, which I think is the perfect vehicle for the work. Making a book (and I've been lucky enough to do a few now) is such a strange process as it affords a full stop to making the work and the opportunity for other people to bring their own ideas and thoughts to bear upon it. I purposely didn't include any introductory text (there is some at the very back) because I didn't want to lead anyone or fill their heads with any preconceptions. I felt that was the very least I could do. And if I'm honest, this is probably my biggest 'Marmite' series to date. I realised a long time ago that I'm a Marmite photographer (you should see some of my direct messages), but then I've never quite fit anywhere in the photographic pantheon, or at least I've never felt like I've fit in anywhere. And I'd like to keep it that way. .
The 'birds' work started before the pandemic, then continued during (albeit in a limited fashion). While the world was starved of human contact, I honestly didn't find that aspect of it difficult. But solitude is always just a tiny stumble to loneliness. Anyway, it's all there in the work if you want to take a look.
Of course, I want people to see the work. I want to connect with an audience, but I find that incredibly difficult. The dichotomy of wanting to connect but being uncomfortable or unable to do so is one of my many, many flaws. But it's part of me and probably finds its way into all aspects of my practice quite naturally. Going back to the white line in the pictures, in some ways, I've put that barrier up already, it's right there, manifested in the physical image.
The 'birds' work started before the pandemic, then continued during (albeit in a limited fashion). While the world was starved of human contact, I honestly didn't find that aspect of it difficult. But solitude is always just a tiny stumble to loneliness. Anyway, it's all there in the work if you want to take a look. Of course, there were moments of pleasure and hope. I think the murmurations I was lucky enough to see really helped. I would go to a specific place at a specific time, and while it didn't always happen, even the starlings coming home to roost in groups was a pleasure to see. It became such a grounding experience amongst the chaos and uncertainty of life during a global pandemic. But life is always chaotic and uncertain. I think the biggest aspect of the 'birds' work is realising that fact and accepting it.
Someone much more poetic than I could ever be said, 'Loneliness is a great place to visit; just don't take any friends'. As photographers, we largely work alone, and I suspect while we're all looking for something different, there's more that unites us as a community than divides us. By and large, people are great, and I think, in simplistic terms, making photographs is simply a fantastic way to live life. To be privileged enough to show them to a wider audience in the form of a book is, for me at least, a pretty mind-bending experience. It's something I never thought for a second I would ever get to do. But there we go. There are a few copies left if you're interested. There should be a link knocking about somewhere.
Thanks for reading, and if you have any questions, please keep them to yourselves. Ta.
When I was asked to write an End Frame article, I knew immediately which photographer I wanted to write about, but choosing one of her images was much harder. Picking my favourite from so many outstanding compositions was really difficult because so many of them resonate with me in many different ways. In the end, I chose Gneiss Boulders from the Isle of Harris (by Lizzie Shepherd) because there is so much in this image that fits with my own work, the things that I love and the way I see the world.
I was brought up in the countryside, surrounded by nature, with parents who encouraged and facilitated a connection to the wild. I learned to identify the local wildlife, went birdwatching, drew plants and butterflies and collected rocks and fossils. I was nature connected from a young age, and it is something I feel has really helped with my photography. I think this is part of the reason Lizzie's work, and in particular, this image really appeals to me.
I had the pleasure of meeting Lizzie for a 1-2-1 workshop in the Yorkshire Dales back in 2018, a few months after my Dad had died suddenly and at a time when I was struggling with my own photography.
I was really inspired by Lizzie’s work and admired the quiet beauty that she was able to achieve in her images with her use of light and tone. Her work intrigued me, and I was interested to spend some time in the landscape with her. Despite having the worst weather imaginable (flat, grey and drizzly), I came away from the workshop with a renewed sense of connection facilitated by Lizzie’s attention to detail, particularly around composition, which is definitely something that has stayed with me and influenced my work going forward.
The first thing that attracted me to this image was the geology. It takes me back to my childhood, and I am immediately transported to the beach, standing amongst the boulders listening to the sea. Despite the complexity of the scene and the haphazard nature of the foreground elements, the image has an overall simplicity to it, which I think helps the viewer appreciate all the different elements that make up this landscape.
The Creative Parallels exhibition opened on 31st August, celebrating the photographic friendship of Joe Cornish and David Ward. We recorded the talk that they did going through the images from the exhibition and the synergies between the images.
Joe Cornish wrote an article in issue 285 on the insights into their photographic friendship.
Creative Parallels exhibition runs to 24th December 2023 at the Joe Cornish Gallery, Northallerton. Due to popular demand, a second date for the presentation is on the 14th December, with a buffet beforehand and talks starting at 730pm.
Many thanks to Alex Nail for the filming of this talk.
Carl has always loved being outside and being active, and this doubtless helped him immeasurably after falling in love with the Drakensberg Mountains and spending over a decade hiking and photographing there. We talk about South Africa’s diverse landscape and the drama that both it and the weather it offers the well prepared. Carl is now based in and exploring the UK, so we touch on how he is adjusting to photographing a very different landscape.
Would you like to start by telling readers a little about yourself – where you grew up, what your early interests were, and what that you went on to do?
I grew up during the 70’s on the east coast of South Africa - near Durban, in a town called Pinetown. My father was an executive at a shipping company, and my mother did admin for a construction company. I have an older sister and younger brother, both who still live in South Africa.
We were lucky enough to live next to a large nature reserve; this was where all the action happened. Building forts and fighting the Afrikaners with clay balls. Growing up then was mostly about having an adventure and going where no man had gone before (or so we thought). We used to steal Boerewors (a traditional South African sausage) from our freezer and have a braai (BBQ) at our fort.
My brother and I joined the Cub Scouts when we were very young, and this is where my love for the outdoors really caught on. Getting badges for this and that, orienteering and going on long hikes in the Kloof Gorge were all such fun.
Since its invention, the photograph has been a powerful medium for telling stories, raising awareness, propaganda and even changing behaviours. An obvious example is the use of the image in advertising and the impact this has had on consumerism. Ted Leeming has been considering the power of the image as both a positive and negative force and exploring different ways we present information to illicit a desired response.
In a recent project, he adopted a picture essay approach for a piece exploring current forestry policy, practices and management in the UK & Scotland today, adding a commentary to a series of images to tell the story. “There are a couple of ongoing forestry consultations taking place at present, and the essay seeks to inform a range of interest groups about the current status of the industry,” explains Ted. “I was struggling to say all I wished through the images alone, so decided to add a commentary based around data gathered from third parties to emphasise the points I was seeking to make.
“The essay forms my response to a community consultation & artist residency Morag [Ted’s wife] and I undertook as part of the Fantastic Forest Festival held in Galloway, Scotland, in February 2023. At various events throughout the residency (and via postcards left in local shops and community centres), we asked people, ‘What 3 words describe forestry in Galloway today?’ We created a word cloud based around the responses we received, from which the essay emerged.
“It was an experimental approach, with story, subject and engagement at its heart whilst seeking to listen to the quiet voices in the community that often go unheard. We’ve been incorporating a range of ideas in recent projects, which have also allowed me to draw on my wider passions for the environment, geography and anthropology. Engaging with communities, interest groups, and experts is fascinating and requires us to consider a range of perspectives as we develop our own thinking and outcomes.
Wordcloud responding to the question ‘…what 3 words describe forestry in Galloway today?’
“We are always learning, and I think one of the most useful things I have done recently is take time to more clearly define my purpose as a photographer. In doing so I increasingly find myself working more locally and forensically, using a greater range of both attributes and senses and applying them to current issues that resonate with personal values. I think the great Nan Shepherd, in her book The Living Mountain, puts it perfectly when she says, “I knew when I looked for a long time that I had hardly begun to see.” This greater level of reflection is helping me set boundaries and define the types of projects I want to work on, freeing me to more clearly express my thoughts and ideas, which is very rewarding.”
If you are interested in any of the issues raised in the essay or know of anyone who might be, please feel free to contact me at tedleeming@me.com
At 13% of land cover, the UK has one of the lowest levels of tree cover in Europe. According to the Woodland Trust, just 7% of our woodlands are in a good ecological condition. Industry, environmental organisations and the Government all agree that we need more tree cover throughout the UK.
Ancient temperate rainforests are of the most rare and valuable habitats in the UK, comprising of less than 1% of woodland cover, and yet few of these incredible ecosystems are designated. A YouGov poll found that 93% of the British public supported their increased protection.
Many of our existing woodlands are under threat from multiple sources. These vary from site to site but include overgrazing, invasive species, development, storms, drought, pollution, pests and diseases. As a result, many of our woodlands are slowly dying or disappearing.
Current policies are focused towards new planting schemes. 75% of these are being delivered in Scotland, with CONFOR, the industry body, saying that the UK Government is well behind on delivering its stated annual objective of 30,000 hectares of new planting by 2025.
Half of all new schemes in Scotland are for single species conifer plantations, of which 50% are concentrated in southern Scotland. Argyll and Perth & Kinross in Scotland and Wales are also witnessing large numbers of proposals.
729 commercial conifer applications have been approved across Scotland since 2015. None have been refused consent in that period, and only 4 have required an Environmental Impact Assessment [source: Scottish Forestry]. The sheer number of commercial conifer applications in some areas is increasingly controversial.
Commercial forestry proposals have focussed largely on upland pastures and hillsides, displacing traditional farming activities and open moorland species. The result is increasing conflict between different interest groups.
The cumulative impact of multiple forestry applications is becoming a significant issue in some areas as adjacent schemes merge and fragment landscapes and habitats. There are few checks and balances to curtail over-development.
The extent of biodiversity within conifer plantations is contentious. The industry argues that biodiversity within a plantation is increased over existing land uses. The Woodland Trust, however, states that ‘non-native plantations in particular require management to improve their ecological condition’.
Woodlands are important for local economies and jobs. However, many, like the independent forum, The Forest Policy Group, argue that the industry should and could contribute much more to local economies, supporting and promoting small to medium enterprises and local long-term jobs.
Forests store carbon, both in the tree itself and in the soil. Forest Research, the Government’s own advisers, conclude that clear fell plantations are unlikely to absorb the amount of carbon released from the soil over a 30 year rotation period if planted on peaty soils 30cm deep. Despite this, Government policy continues to allow planting on peaty soils up to 50cm.
At the end of the first rotation, it is standard practice to clearfell sites and replant with more conifers. This can be undertaken with minimal assessment, even on peat soils of 50cm or more where new planting is banned.
Most forestry products (including paper, cardboard, wood products, biomass fuels and wood based panels) sequester carbon. But the industry's own figures state that over 40% of clear fell forestry products sequester carbon for 5 years or less, and just 27.3% sequester for longer than a single plantation rotation [source: CONFOR]
15% of forest products go to supplying the increasingly questioned commercial biomass industry [source: CONFOR]. The UK’s largest commercial biomass plant, DRAX, has recently been dropped from an index of green energy companies following concerns with respect to its environmental credentials.
Drainage is used to reduce the amount of water within plantations. Such drains dry out the soil, releasing carbon and increasing the acidification of watercourses. Data shows a river in southwest Scotland to be the most acidic in Europe, with acidity peaks enough to kill juvenile salmon [source: Smyth].
The industry says it is being judged on schemes planted in the 1980’s and things are very different now. Many others say they see only cursory differences (relatively small areas of broadleaf & open spaces), with large scale replanting & new densely planted, single species conifer plantations across many hillsides.
The threat from unprecedented storms can have a catastrophic effect on plantations. In 2021, Storm Arwen flattened some 16 million trees of largely plantation forestry in a single night [source: BBC]. With climate change, such storms are predicted to become increasingly frequent & severe.
Pests & disease are a major threat to sequestration targets, and storm and drought events can trigger outbreaks [source: Økland and Bjørnstad]. A bark beetle that attacks Sitka spruce is currently causing significant damage to forests in Europe and southern England. If it reaches Scotland at any point in the next 30 years, it could wipe out up to 1 million hectares of conifers. Diverse planting reduces such risks.
Prices for low grade agricultural land have increased at least 5 fold since 1993 [source: Savills]. Many attribute this at least in part to attractive investment forestry policies, subsidies and tax breaks, resulting in what some are describing as ‘the second clearances’.
Forests can be valuable resources for recreation, wellbeing and wider community benefit. But conflicts are being exacerbated by an ongoing reluctance of some developers to allow access over previously accessible land or to meaningfully consult with local communities.
Tree planting is subsidised by the taxpayer, whilst commercial forestry incurs no income tax, capital gain or corporation tax. Annualised investment returns over the last 15 years have averaged 18.9% at one investment house [source: Gresham House].
Some are now saying that with the current speed of change, it may already be too late for southern Scotland and that lessons urgently need to be learned to prevent a replication across other areas of Scotland and the UK. Locals disagree and continue to campaign for more diversity & sensitivity in planting, together with community involvement, in order to deliver a better balance between biodiversity, climate, community, societal and commercial needs.
Communities for Diverse Forestry say that to deliver solutions, all parties urgently need to work together with a mindset of compromise and partnership. At present, however, there is a polarisation of views as interest groups defend existing positions with respect to competing land uses and environmental demands.
There are many exemplary projects across the UK, both large and small, that showcase innovative and more traditional approaches to the delivery of Government targets. All include some form of compromise, but many offer a greater balance for biodiversity, climate and society than the current approach.
After a year immersed in a personal project photographing the UK’s temperate rain forest, Lewis James Phillips reflects on a journey from the southwest of England to the western highlands of Scotland aiming to find Britain's lost forests.
Photography is the reason I find myself where I am today; The passion of documenting what I find inspiring to show others has always been my intention.
For over a decade, my personal work of producing pictures became more mundane than a pleasure, the inspiration had dwindled, and my appetite to learn more had nearly disappeared by a market over saturated by the same old same old.
But it has not always been for those reasons that I find myself documenting my interests. Long gone are the days running around the countryside capturing the iconic landscape subjects well known, or the portraits of wildlife that I now class run of the mill. Instead, I need to have a purpose. The technical side of using my mind's eye must be tested and what about the craft that was so infectious for me and that made me want to learn in the first place (now lost in today's digital era where turnarounds must be instant). In some ways, I think this is why we miss out on all the smaller, simpler things that transform our subjects and which create inspiring and engaging images.
For over a decade, my personal work of producing pictures became more mundane than a pleasurable; the inspiration had dwindled and my appetite to learn more had nearly disappeared, shaded by a market of over saturated same old. I can't believe that I now think photographs of the world's most beautiful regions are boring to look at.
I was very lucky in the 90s to visit an area of Utah called Zion. This park was nowhere near as well known as it is today. A place that god had created and put in his pocket only for those wanting to visit or, like me, accidentally finding it. Today, however, through social media and the digital world, it has become the opposite. All of its secrets are easily found and ubiquitously available for people to see on their chosen social media platforms. When I see the region on social media, I find myself thinking "Oh, there's Zion again", as if it's a chore to look at. What a shocking attitude I find myself having.
These photographs were made in the boreal forest of Atikaki (land of the caribou), ancestral lands of the Anishinaabeg First Nation. A remote wilderness region of the Canadian Shield, Atikaki stretches west from the border of Ontario and Manitoba to Lake Winnipeg and is accessible only by bush plane and canoe.
It is important, when speaking of ancestral lands, that we not speak in the past tense. Simply because these lands were colonised and taken does not mean they belong to those who took them. The descendants of the original people, the Anishinaabeg, remain connected to the land both culturally and, most especially, spiritually.
My journeys into the backcountry of Atikaki began with the intention of deepening my connection with myself, my wife and life partner, and with the natural world. As the years passed, I felt a need to share some of these experiences with others.
But the true reason to care for these wild places is because they are life. And there is no other reason to care for life beyond the truth of its being.
It was clear that deep change was happening and that even these wild places were rapidly disappearing, mostly due to the impact of human arrogance – our belief that the world is a thing that exists to fulfil our needs.
What I wanted to share was not that we should care for these places because of all they have to offer us – beauty, solitude, open sky and water, forest, and wildlife. Those reasons speak only to my wants and needs. But the true reason to care for these wild places is because they are life. And there is no other reason to care for life beyond the truth of its being. In care, more than mere observers of the world, we become co-creative participants. I don’t come to the boreal forest to be in nature but because I am nature.
In Anishinaabeg tradition, the world is perceived as animate. There is no such thing as “dumb” matter. All things in existence are ensouled. A shaman’s drum is not a mere object with which to perform. It lives, animated with consciousness of its own. The drum isn’t simply played; it is the enactment of a relationship so profound that it becomes impossible to tell if the shaman is playing the drum or if the drum is playing the shaman. And so, once I began to make photographs, it slowly dawned on me to embrace the possibility that my relationship with my camera might be like the shaman’s relationship with their drum.
shaman’s drum is not a mere object with which to perform. It lives, animated with consciousness of its own. The drum isn’t simply played; it is the enactment of a relationship so profound that it becomes impossible to tell if the shaman is playing the drum or if the drum is playing the shaman.
In this way, photography becomes, for me like a portal into deep connection. I am not simply using the camera as an object to do my bidding but enter into a relationship with them which requires that I listen, not just to what I perceive but what the camera perceives. The camera’s eye and my own – two different ways of perceiving that inform each other and offer insight into the nature of the world that I alone could not know.
Some of the photographs shown here include images of petroglyphs that indicate a sacred relationship between the land and those that moved with it. The waterways of the boreal forest served then as now, as arteries that allow for a profoundly intimate relationship with the land. And while I have no direct lineage connection to the Anishinaabeg or any other First Nations people, in the years that my wife and I have paddled our canoe, portaged our packs, or made our camp to rest for the night, we were always stirred by the spirit of those people who had been here before us. It was that spirit which ever drew us to show care and respect for where we found ourselves.
Time is a chimaera, and in our journeys along these waterways, it was often difficult to tell not only where we were but when. And indeed, we were aware that some of the campsites we occupied and many of the portages we walked were used by the Anishinaabeg and others for centuries before us.
The world speaks if only I care to listen. Therefore, it is with great appreciation and an open heart that I offer my gratitude to the Original People, the spirit of the land, and all those who cherish it.
Grandfather Speaks
In the beginning.
Before the coming of those that walk, swim, fly, or crawl there was Grandfather.
Before the stationary ones, the trees and plants that grow and even before the soil that nourishes them,
Four and a half billion years ago, at the beginning of time, there was Grandfather.
Grandfather is about creation.
In Grandfather we can see that creation did not happen sometime in the distant past
but is only this; the ever-unfolding now.
They teach us what it is to be: ever-changing and always the same – life is patience.
Neither drama nor performance, Grandfather teaches that creativity is
the practice of being present.
Grandfather is about memory.
They are the collected wisdom of eons passing.
Every striation, every crevice, every layer revealed, tells stories of when the earth was new
and always new again.
Grandfather abides.
Grandfather is about relationship.
All are welcome at their side.
Lichen come to draw the nutrient that creates soil for plants and trees.
Humans come with ochre to mark the doorways that lead to other realms.
Large and small, all that live are drawn to Grandfather’s solidity, assurance, and wisdom.
Just under a year ago, I penned an article here presenting my first impressions of the GFX Cambo Actus MV technical camera. Whilst it was in part a camera review, it was primarily about the importance of finding and mastering a stable digital camera system which aligns well to realising your vision. Over the next few months, I was able to enjoy a period of sustained photography with the camera as I took a sabbatical from work visiting Wales, The Lakes, Scotland, Northumberland and Iceland. That time also included two photographic workshops.
The success of my shift to the Actus MV over the last 12 months has been pleasing, but it got me thinking. It was time for a retrospective. Why was I feeling so good about my image making and photographic development over the last year in a way that was similar to my large format heyday of 2009-2015. Equally, why do I dislike most of my output from the moment I switched to digital in 2017 until last year?
It dawned on me that I have made more changes in the last 12 months than just swapping my camera - I have finally rebuilt the photographic process I had running in my film days.
In the far north of Sweden, above the Arctic Circle, you encounter a beautiful mountain world of truly timeless landscapes. A world that was formed by the Ice Age, it’s a place filled with glacier-carved river valleys, jagged mountain peaks and pristine alpine lakes. Sarek National Park just might be the crown jewel among the national parks and nature reserves in arctic Sweden. Known as the last wilderness of western Europe, Sarek has no trails and only a few reindeer paths through the low birch in the river valleys. You move through the region by crossing glacial rivers and hiking up and over rugged mountain ridges. It is a place of intense weather and rapidly changing light. There’s a certain level of mystery and magic to Sarek that draws you in and keeps you coming back to explore those special experiences.
Magnus Lindbom is a Swedish photographer who has come to know Sarek quite well, making extended backpacking trips there and to the surrounding region over the course of many years. After all, this is what it takes to know a place more deeply. And only then will photographs emerge that begin to show the special qualities beyond what lies on the surface.
Magnus Lindom’s image, “Alpine Clouds”, reveals the special, timeless qualities of the mountains and represents a deep, ongoing commitment to exploring the region through the seasons and over the years. The photograph was made during winter as storm clouds were lifting on the last possible day before the journey home.
This, of course, takes a high level of commitment to explore a wilderness region while backpacking solo in challenging terrain and difficult weather. You need excellent navigation skills, the ability to manage glacial river crossings in summer, and a high level of fitness to pull a sled into the high mountains during winter trips on cross-country skis or snow shoes. Without those and many other skills, these experiences and images simply don’t happen. And not only that, but you need the energy and the patience to make photographs after physically challenging days and extended periods of harsh weather.
Our inevitable reaction to a new place is to look out. Only later do we look down or if we’re at the coast behind us. Edges of any kind are rich places, perhaps none more so than the edge between the land and the sea. And twice each day, this landscape is refreshed.
This now is David’s palette, a landscape of rock and sand, pebble and pool. And just in case he runs out of inspiration, he has begun to explore the intertidal zone and to photograph seaweed.
Would you like to start by telling readers a little about yourself – where you grew up, what your early interests were, and what you went on to do?
I was born in the Wirral but have lived in various places around the UK since then. After graduating with a degree in Biology, I went off to South America armed with only a Spanish phrasebook and a lot of bravado. I taught English to pay my way, and after a couple of formative and unforgettable years, I returned to the UK. Unfortunately, I didn’t have a camera during my time in South America. The mental snapshots of the amazing places I visited and stories of my experiences have only grown more vivid and colourful over time.
Much of my first career was in IT. After a number of years working in the finance sector, I needed to feel more fulfilled in my working life, and my heart led me to the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). Along my photographic journey and career, I’ve taken pictures in a great many places around the world, and I’ve been fortunate to have witnessed some great wonders of nature.
As animals, humans are taught from an early age to fit in. This happens gradually and naturally and tends to involve learning social cues, dressing like everyone else, talking like everyone else, and doing things like everyone else. These are known as customs, rituals, and normative group behaviours, which all serve valid purposes, mostly notably survival and social bonding. Unfortunately, our ability to fit in and do things like everyone else has negative consequences on our creativity and ultimately leads to stagnation in the arts. Fortunately, there are a few artists that decide to go their own way.
They are the few brave fish that swim upstream while the rest are swimming downstream. They are the explorers, the dreamers, and the people I tend to admire most in our world. Today’s article is about one such photographer, César Llaneza Rodriguez, who wields bravery and curiosity as his tools to maximise creativity by being different from the rest. In practical terms, he utilises a myriad of creative photography techniques to reveal symbolism in abstract subjects, including intentional camera movement, white balance blending, external lighting, sequential multiple exposures, and the use of bold colours and shapes.
I have been very fortunate throughout my career as a professional photographer. I have been a professional photographer now for over 50 years, and during this time, I have seen many changes in both digital technology as well as how I compose and visualise photographic compositions.
I still remember the moment at school when I was 16 years old when I knew I wanted to be a photographer! In the 1960s, your educational pathway was already pre-determined for you, and there was a limited choice of options to choose from in deciding your plans.
It was ‘O’ & ‘A’ levels, University and then work, and in those days, you had no real idea what you really wanted to do. For some reason, my career teachers suggested I became an aeronautical engineer! This was, I imagine, based upon my father being in the RAF and my school being in Bristol, where Concorde was being built!
Photography was certainly not an option!
At school, I had only black and white film to use as I could more easily process and print it myself. Colour was very expensive at this time and well as being harder to process. This turned out to be fortunate for me as I soon became used to ‘seeing’ and processing in B&W.
Leaving school at 18 years of age, I began my career as a press photographer using B&W. The editor instructed me very early on how best to ‘see’ the image that would tell the story without the need for anything more than a simple caption. After 6 years of working on newspapers, I started a portrait business, which I still own and run to this day, but I now found myself now working exclusively in colour!
I thought I would tell you all this as it laid the foundations for the photography I shoot today as a landscape photographer.
I find it easier now with this initial training to arrive at any location and immediately see compositions that I know will work for me. I can then spend more time working and fine-tuning each image that would better tell the story of a place or location.
My current interest in landscape photography is to take B&W square images of minimalist scenes, structures and views. I also like to use negative (or, as I prefer to know it as, positive) space.
In the last couple of years, I have changed my approach somewhat on how I shoot landscape photographs. I have discovered creating small books or zines is a more satisfying way of working. I do not now need to find one or two iconic images to tell my story as I can tell it far better within the book with a wider variety of images.
My current interest in landscape photography is to take B&W square images of minimalist scenes, structures and views. I also like to use negative (or, as I prefer to know it as, positive) space.
I start my process off now by researching on Google Earth the places I want to visit, figuring out all the logistics, checking tide times and sunrise and sunset times etc.… then just go and explore!
The challenge I now have set myself with the need to create 15/ 20 images can be very daunting, but I find it far more exhilarating than before when I was just looking for just a few images.
Take my Lake Geneva Book project as an example
I had seen a couple of great images from a Swiss photographer living close to the lake that I liked a lot. That was all the inspiration I needed to arrange a visit. I planned on a four-day visit, which would concentrate only on the Swiss side of the lake from Geneva up to Montreux, about 50 miles in total. I decided to make this trip in December 2022, as, ideally, I wanted a snowy landscape and some misty water.
On my very first dawn morning, all the elements I looked for were there in abundance, which allowed me to shoot exactly what I needed for the book. I had decided to create 15 images for inclusion, but on this day, I must have found at least 8 images that I thought were ‘keepers’ of just the shoreline around Geneva itself. I could not help but see great images everywhere!
Geneva is a very popular tourist location, so the shoreline had plenty of jetties, piers, boats and cormorants! I was in Heaven. I was also now getting worried about having an editing problem if this is what day one had given me!
Cormorants love to dry out their feathers, and they stand very still for long periods. They make for great additional subject matter. This image was lifted, in my opinion, by including this bird.
When I consider how to compose an image, I like to try to include some additional visual context. The snowy shoreline at the bottom of the image was an important element as it visually anchored the composition. The space to the top and right allow space for the jetty and bird to breathe.
I am glad I went in December, as there would be far fewer tourists. I know they would have made footprints in the snow and also photo bombed the shot! This jetty would, I imagine, have boats attached to it in season but sitting here on its own looks quite sculptural.
I am attracted straight away to a structure such as this as it has form, texture and presence. This type of composition makes me stop and think about ‘Why it’s there?’, ‘What has moored here?’, ‘Who has sailed from here? It wants me to figure all this out in my mind rather than just tell me, ‘I’m a jetty’!
I am attracted straight away to a structure such as this as it has form, texture and presence. This type of composition makes me stop and think about ‘Why it’s there?’, ‘What has moored here?’, ‘Who has sailed from here? It wants me to figure all this out in my mind rather than just tell me, ‘I’m a jetty’!
I walked past this composition and just thought there was nothing really to shoot here. Something, however, kept nagging at me to go back and take a second look, so after 5 minutes of walking, I went back to take a second look. I stared at this view for quite a while, knowing there was a worthwhile image here. After pacing around, standing higher and sitting down lower, exploring different perspectives, I suddenly got it, and the composition made perfect sense!
All I had needed for it to work for me was to line up the two contrasting angled shapes of the foreground and jetty. This contrast actually complimented each other to create a balance that I liked.
This image above of the diving board at the lido was one of the images that excited me enough to make the trip in the first place. I just loved the angles, shapes and form of the tower and its setting on the lake. The image I had seen online before had more going on in it in the background. It had also been taken from the other side. I knew when I first saw it that I had to find a different angle, and I thought this would be easy!
This image above of the diving board at the lido was one of the images that excited me enough to make the trip in the first place. I just loved the angles, shapes and form of the tower and its setting on the lake.
Unfortunately, the lido was closed, so I could not get close to it unless I walked about half a mile further away down the shoreline. The problem got worse as the lido extended quite a bit further down the coast, and there was another building on the other side of it.
When I got there, finally, I was quite some way from the diving board. I found there was a small gap through the buildings and trees back to the diving board where I could attempt a shot, but it would need my long 600mm lens to reach it.
This long lens is able to compress the subjects in the composition in a very favourable way. This lens actually enhanced the composition by making the diving board and fence into the water become much closer together, which really made my day! It would have been a great disappointment to come away without this image.
The next day I was on the main road that ran mostly alongside the shoreline to begin my search for more great images.
The first one I want to tell you about is the image that I came across totally by accident. Driving along the shoreline, I was able to drop down to every village I came across. Some places had nothing to interest me, or I found the road inaccessible due to road works. When I dropped down to this village, I immediately saw a great composition (see next image below). There was a car park right by, so this is where I stopped. I spent an hour around this spot taking various compositions, but fancied a coffee and cake and so I took a path by the edge to a café I saw in the distance.
I did not get my coffee as suddenly, this image above came into view!
I think a previous photographer had forgotten to take the boat he had placed in this composition with him, as it was so perfect to look at.
I saw this image below before finding the island one.
This pier looked interesting enough for me to explore from the car park but it was not until I walked the length of it that I saw how it would make an unusual composition. I wanted to create some flow and direction for the eye to take within this image. When composing an image in camera, it does take quite some time to tweak the view slightly to find the best balance of the structure to the composition.
The pier wall helped enormously to start this journey. I spent quite some time moving the camera around, trying to keep the leading line of the pier wall at the bottom left whilst including the seat in the image. I also raised the camera quite high, as I wanted to show the water flowing between the pier and the jetty in the background. This was quite a tight space for me to work in with my 10mm lens, and ideally, I would have liked to have slightly more space to the left of the pier head in the background. Sometimes it ends up being a compromise!
As you would expect, along the shoreline, there would be loads of jetties at the end of each of the houses that abut it. This composition interested me as the towering presence of the tree above this jetty gave it some stature. The misty light helped as well!
As you would expect, along the shoreline, there would be loads of jetties at the end of each of the houses that abut it. This composition interested me as the towering presence of the tree above this jetty gave it some stature. The misty light helped as well!
This image above is another one that I saw from a local photographer online before I arrived, and I knew I had to include it. This was not an easy location to find. I tried finding it from both ends of the village, but in the end, I managed to park quite close. From the car park, I could see part of it in the distance, but it was not until I got closer that I saw how impressive this image could be for the book.
This composition turned out to be much harder for me to make, as there were so many different things I needed to include as well as exclude! I really liked the handrail being in the foreground, but it did extend quite a bit more to the shoreline, and if I included more, then the diving board became less significant. I am happy with this choice, but some of the other shots I took are nice too!
You know, as a landscape photographer, that you can become invisible to people?
This subject above is the children’s paddling pool that sits within the much larger main outdoor pool.
I had to wait for a little time when I first got here for two men on a lunch break took a quick dip. It was freezing whilst I was waiting, so I was not surprised when they were only in for a minute!
I had to wait for a little time when I first got here for two men on a lunch break took a quick dip. It was freezing whilst I was waiting, so I was not surprised when they were only in for a minute!
I had my camera and tripod already set up to take this image once they had moved on, and fortunately, I now had this place to myself… or did I? Out of the corner of my eye, I saw a young man carrying a canoe walk along the beach. As he came close, he said ‘Bon jour’ smiled and then placed his canoe right in the centre of my image!
I laughed out quite loud, and he looked around and twigged what I was actually doing and laughed himself as he moved out of shot. “It’s great being a photographer, isn’t it?”
The water during my 4 day trip was completely calm, and the mountains on the opposite side of the lake on the French side were mainly in mist. This composition was very close to my hotel, but each time I went to shoot it, there were too many people all around it. I went before dawn to get an image that I am pleased with that has no one in it!
When I dropped down to this village, this post in the water intrigued me. Why was it there? What was it for?
When I dropped down to this village, this post in the water intrigued me. Why was it there? What was it for? A couple of swimmers approached me to ask what I was taking photographs of (and were generally surprised at my reply that I was photographing this post!), but as locals, they did not know either what its purpose was either!
Lake Geneva had many great surprises for me as a landscape photographer, and this image was one that became a very special one for me. A river was flowing out of the town, and as it met the lake, it created some great shapes in the shingle bed. The mountains in the background had a line of low mist across them, and the sun was being blocked by a higher level of mist. The whole scene was just magical, and I had to take some time just to admire it as it typified Switzerland’s quiet beauty.
Lake Geneva had many great surprises for me as a landscape photographer, and this image was one that became a very special one for me. A river was flowing out of the town, and as it met the lake, it created some great shapes in the shingle bed.
I sat on this bench on my last day out shooting to try to find some time to actually take in the peace, tranquillity and majesty of Lake Geneva. Trying to convey all these emotions and experiences in a small book is difficult, but I am very pleased with how it came out. The book project helped me focus my creative energy in a different way, and I commend this concept to you all.
As heavy rain was pouring down in New York City, laying down on a black couch in a typical Manhattan apartment with exposed brick walls and exterior fire stairs, I paused the movie I was watching to pay attention to a conversation my newly met colleagues were having about the 9/11 attack photo reportages.
Shortly after, Jordan turned to me and asked: “Did you see Steve McCurry’s photo with the towers in smoke and a cross in the foreground?”
“Yes, everybody saw that photo”, I said.
Excited, Jordan went on saying: “That’s right, he changed the world! With that kind of photography, you can change the world.” Then, glazing outside the window added: “You can’t change the world with landscape photography”
I silently wondered: “Can’t you?”.
The conversation ended on that note. I put back my headphones and kept watching my movie, but I kept thinking about that statement for a while without reaching a conclusion.
Listening to music, smelling a perfume, touching a surface, reading a book or watching a movie can highly influence our mood to the point of taking us back in time to revisit specific memories and thus elicit in us all sorts of emotions. In defence of the ever soaring buying prices of football players, I once heard a well known art critic arguing on TV that the athletic feat of a football player can make a spectator feel an emotion equivalent to what he would feel while looking at a Caravaggio masterpiece. Just like a well crafted expressive landscape photograph has the power to do. That said, I have to admit I experienced that less time through a still landscape photograph and even less while watching a football match.
The project “By Degrees” was conceived in 2021 when being a bit of a map nerd, I found myself one day pondering the places where lines of latitude and longitude intersect. I had never knowingly been to such a place, so was intrigued to find out where was the closest to my home. Having located it – some 43 miles to the south – I then wondered where its next closest neighbours were. Perhaps inevitably, this led me to plotting all the intersections on a map of the UK and then considering the feasibility of photographing them all. I quickly realised that it would involve a huge amount of travelling and that it would be a daft idea to attempt it alone. But why not involve others? I took my idea to the RPS Landscape Group committee as a proposal, and so By Degrees was born!
Getting the project off the ground involved firstly working out where all the intersections are and plotting them on a map so that people could easily identify their nearest ones. I figured that people were more likely to get involved if they could relate abstract coordinates to a place that they knew. The mapping wasn't too difficult as you can just type, say, "53N 2W" into Google Maps, and it will show you the exact location.
The lines of latitude and longitude intersecting over the UK and Ireland
It turned out that there are 34 places where lines of latitude and longitude intersect over land in the UK, and I was really pleased to find that people volunteered for every intersection. The project brief gave participants the choice of photographing either the view from their chosen intersection or a view with the intersection in the frame.
It turned out that there are 34 places where lines of latitude and longitude intersect over land in the UK, and I was really pleased to find that people volunteered for every intersection.
From the outset, we planned a special edition of the landscape group's printed magazine and so anticipated that there would need to be a process for selecting which images should be published in cases where several photographers photographed at the same locations. To achieve this, we established a selection panel comprising RPS members Simon Hill, Hon.FRPS and Joe Cornish, Hon.FRPS, Vanda Ralevska (regular judge for Landscape Photographer of the Year) and Nigel Clifford FRGS, president of the Royal Geographical Society.
Inevitably, of course, I was keen to take part myself and so I photographed the two intersections closest to my home and also two others that I pass regularly when visiting my family in central Scotland. What I very quickly learned through my own participation was just how difficult it can be to make a decent image when the location is just a seemingly random spot on a map! Challenges that participants had to address included not only uninspiring locations but also getting access to private land and getting to some pretty remote places.
One of my personal favourite images was Ann Miles’ stunning panorama of a field of crops (chard?), showing that with a bit of inventiveness, even a seemingly endless flat landscape can be made engaging.
53N 0W, Lincolnshire, Ann Miles
I also have to acknowledge the efforts that some participants went to in order to get their images. Jean Robson needed a 7km cycle up a dirt road, then a climb up and over a col covered in deep heather and finally a plod across a bog in order to get to the intersection at 57oN 4oW to take this image of the Monadhliath hills.
I also have to acknowledge the efforts that some participants went to in order to get their images. Jean Robson needed a 7km cycle up a dirt road, then a climb up and over a col covered in deep heather and finally a plod across a bog in order to get to the intersection at 57oN 4oW to take this image of the Monadhliath hills.
57N 4W, Dumfries & Galloway, Jean Robson
As the deadline for image submissions approached, it began to look likely that nobody was going to photograph at a couple of intersections in the Highlands (57oN 3oW in Aberdeenshire and 57oN 5oW in Assynt in the Highlands). Unsurprisingly, these were the two most remote locations, requiring several miles of tramping across heather moorland on a compass bearing. Rather than leave these intersections unphotographed, another landscape group committee colleague and I set off to photograph them ourselves. Whilst heather moorlands drying up because of summer droughts is most definitely not something to be celebrated, it did mean that this final challenge was slightly less arduous than it could have been. And so it was, in September 2022, that the project was completed.
As far as I am aware, such a project has never been undertaken before, and we believe that it is, therefore, unique. Feedback from participants was really enthusiastic, with people often saying how much they had enjoyed the challenge of photographing “odd” locations!
A Selection of Submissions
The following is a curated selection of images from the project. All captions are from the photographers.
53N 0, Lincolnshire, Ann Miles
My exact location was 53degrees 0 minutes 51.16 seconds North/ 0 degrees 0 minutes 1.57 seconds West. I am facing West so panorama covers from S to N. Meridian which was approximately 1 km south of my location. The intersection is in the direction of the far left of my scene.
55N 4W, Dumfries & Galloway, Jean Robson
Taken from about 100 meters from the intersection, because the farmer advised against entering the field with a bull in it. Taken looking in a SSE direction across the intersection.
51N 2W, Wiltshire, Richard Draper
The puddle arrow points to the middle of the field where the intersection of 51N 2W lies. I was about 80 metres from the point at 50°59'58" N 2°00'02" W and at 155 metres altitude. I was facing east on 30th January 2022 as the winter sun was close to setting. This is a lovely part of Cranborne Chase at the southern end of Wiltshire close to the intersection with Hampshire and Dorset. The nearest village is Bowerchalke, where the river Chalke rises and flows into the nearby River Ebble.
52N 0W, Hertfordshire, Diana Buzoianu
This point is in the middle of a field of solar farm and it shows a wonderful juxtaposition between nature and the creative minds of humans to harness clean energy.
52N 0, Hertfordshire, Diana Buzoianu
I couldn’t pick a better time for photographing this coordinates ..the storm Eunice was just approaching. I had my vision of capturing the image of this golden oak tree from above from my drone but the storm made it definitely impossible to fly. As I was looking for other ways of capturing the point, a beautiful rainbow was just beginning to shine through the heavy grey clouds of rain. Just for a few seconds a stunning view of the tree enveloped by the rainbow appeared. That was definitely more than I could ask for.. This oak tree is right on the coordinates 52N.3W and stands tall in the middle of a field in the village of Michaelchurch Escley in Herefordshire.
52N 4W Carmarthenshire, Neil Purcell
52N 4W, is on a site adjacent to the B4337, at Dinas Quarry, Pen y Ddinas, near Llansawel in Carmarthenshire.
The hill of Pen Dinas was an area of unimproved pasture, known locally as 'the Warren’. Once upon time, there were the remains of a summer-house 'within some sort of ancient encampment' (Notebook on Carmarthenshire 1804-10). It is probable that the 'ancient encampment' was a later prehistoric type hillfort, which are otherwise scarce in the locality.
The remains of the summer house, or possibly a prospect tower, were said to have been part of the nearby Edwinsford estate.
The site, now owned by Tarmac, is abandoned, having closed down in the late 1980’s. When operational, it mostly produced granite grit for road construction, as well as a surprising amount of quartz crystal.
The exact intersection is inaccessible, buried beneath deep brambles and bracken. Facing WNW, I opted for this shot on the topmost part of the site, which is approximately 300 metres north of the intersection, and which speaks a little of the history and nature of the place and the people who once worked there.
52N 5W, Pembrokeshire, Michael Cooper
This intersection point is located in Dyffryn, Goodwick, Pembrokeshire. The actual intersection point is at the back of this abandoned ruinous old building, to the rear of this wall is dense impenetrable scrub on private land. I am standing approximately 5-6 m NE of the actual intersection point facing roughly SW
53N 1W, Nottinghamshire, Kevin Gibbin
Looking approximately north-north-west with Cocker Beck on my right, the intersection is on the left of the image just in front of the hedgerow.
53N 4W, Gwynedd, Saul Richmond Huck
The intersection of 53N 4W is alongside one of the Diffwys lakes in the Moelwyns in Snowdonia. Having climbed as far as the exact location it seemed a shame not to climb a bit further to elevate myself above and look back over the intersection to show it in its storm-beaten surroundings. The image was taken at 53°00'10.0"N 3°59'50.0"W. The intersection is at the left-hand side of the picture 360m away and is located underneath the left-most limb of the left-hand lake. The vista is looking southwest over the Croesor Valley towards Porthmadog with the slopes of Cnicht on the right.
54N 2W, Yorkshire, John Foster
Burning heather on Barden Moor at 54N. 2W. My exact location was 54.00341 N, 1.99263 W. I was facing SSW and I was around 300 yards from the intersection. I think the intersection is approximately where the tractor is, to the extreme left of the shot. The heather burners didn’t want me to come any closer.
55N 7W Co. Derry, Robin Taylor-Hunt
The intersection point sits within a pasture field, overlooking an area of farmland that lies in between Lough Foyle to the north-west and the striking skyline of Binevinagh to the north-east. However, on the morning I was there the visibility and light was not too exciting, and so I ended up going for a close-up of the intersection point itself - this dried out old dock plant within the grass field.
58N 7W, Isle of Harris, Alex Nail
58N 7W on Harris is one of the most scenic latitude and longitude intersections in the whole country. I camped at the spot overnight with my wife and our dog at the end of May hoping for a sunset but instead finding overcast conditions and an icy northerly wind. I was up at 4.30am the following morning to find clear skies and I made my way to the northern side of Loch Braigh Bheagarais to align the loch with the distant view of the Harris hills and Luskentyre. This photo was taken at 58°00’05”N 7”00’09”W. The true intersection lies just 300m from this point, on the far left edge of the image, but ultimately this majestic view was too much to pass up!
57N 3W Aberdeenshire, John Stewart
The intersection is a 5 mile walk from Ballater. I chose a very warm day with thunderstorms predicted. It is situated near a grouse moor so had to choose a Sunday when the grouse get a day off being shot. I am about 200 yards from the point looking south east towards Mount Keen which is the most Easterly Munro (over 300 feet). Luckily the ground was very dry as this area is usually a bog. The intersection is more-or-less central in the frame in the lower ground behind the foreground rocks.
57N 3W Aberdeenshire, Colin Balfour
Taken from the intersection point looking south-southeast towards Mount Keen (939m) which is the most easterly Munro.
57N 3W Aberdeenshire, Mark Reeves
Taken at the intersection following the driest July for over 100 years, this image depicts a totally dry upland peat bog. The image looks towards the munro Mount Keen (939m) some 3km to the SSE. The heather and grasses were rendered white by the use of an infrared camera whilst the peat, visible in the bog gullies in the foreground and middle distance, appears black.
I first met John Blakemore when he led a course at the wonderful Inversnaid Photography Centre (sadly now closed) near Loch Lomond. Described by Fay Godwin as a ‘celebrated fine art photographer, teacher and workshop guru’, my week with John reinvigorated my photography, giving me the courage to identify and develop possibilities that I hardly knew existed and the confidence to regain my own photographic path.
The picture I have chosen is a part of John Blakemore’s tulip journey called ‘Tulip Celebrations - 4’. Before I explain my choice of photograph, allow me to say a little about John’s approach to photography, drawing on his own words.
Having previously perceived his landscape photography as being about discovery, about recognising the significance of something that existed before he directed his attention to it, John’s tulip journey marked a transition to still-life photography and to what John calls ‘thinking photography’. Familiar spaces tend to become invisible, so photographing them is a process of rediscovery and reinvention. By accident of season, a bowl of tulips presented itself. As he continued to photograph, the tulips became a dominant motif which continued intensely for nine years until the 1994 publication of The Stilled Gaze, a monograph of tulip photographs.
There is much to commend John’s distrust of the deceptive ease of photography – the magic box, the brief moment of exposure, the lack of any necessary connection with what is to be photographed beyond the hope that it might make a good picture. I am sure that many of us have fretted about this when we are planning a day’s shooting, when we are out on location and when we are back in our workrooms.
In his landscape work, John Blakemore’s process of picture-making is supported by a tripod of three Rs: Relationship (between photographer and subject); Recognition (the moment of exposure); and Realisation (creation of the print). Something that many of us have lost in the digital era is the painful discipline of capturing what we saw in our mind’s eye just as we pressed the shutter and converting this into a vibrant, tactile print that conveys that vision to those around us. To curtail the process at an on-screen digital image is to shorten one of the key legs of the tripod.
In his landscape work, John Blakemore’s process of picture-making is supported by a tripod of three Rs: Relationship (between photographer and subject); Recognition (the moment of exposure); and Realisation (creation of the print).
It may be helpful to explore the tripod legs in a little more detail.
First, relationship. This is crucial – it recognises the necessity of a prolonged and intense scrutiny of place and of the resultant images. The process of developing a relationship with the subject is an essential part of picture-making. Any subject allows a diversity of responses and picture-making strategies that will express and communicate different concerns.
Relationship is both perceptual and conceptual, just as in the English language, ‘I see’ may mean both literally seeing something and also understanding it. As photographers, we must therefore develop an understanding both of our subject and of the photographic means that we use to realise it. John Blakemore’s landscape work grew out of intimacy with place, using familiarity with small-scale elements to allude to larger forces that shape the total landscape.
Next, recognition. As photographers, we are surrounded by potential subjects. What to photograph? And when to photograph? At the moment of exposure, this dilemma is temporarily suspended. The moment becomes a ‘yes’, an affirmation and recognition of the significance of an aspect of reality that will appear in the photograph.
Finally, realisation. By contrast with relationship and recognition, the process of realisation must be retrospective. For John Blakemore, realisation takes place in the darkroom, resulting in the production of silver prints. For many of us, that process now takes place on a screen and through a printer; the technology may be different, but the challenges remain the same.
So why does this particular image, with all its depth and complexity, mean so much to me? The answer lies at the nexus between John Blakemore’s mastery of landscape and of still-life photography.
As landscape photographers, we are all familiar with preparing to visit a location, having a clear notion of the elements that we wish to include in an image. Landscape being landscape, when we are out in the field, careful preparation can quickly become a process of chasing the light, seeking versions of Cartier-Bresson’s ‘decisive moment’. We may have a clear picture of what we are hoping to capture in the moment of exposure, but no matter how carefully we have prepared we are fundamentally at the mercy of the elements. That lack of control can be exhilarating, stimulating, frustrating or downright disappointing.
By contrast, in studio work the photographer has complete control over all the elements within the image, the way they are presented, how they interact and how they are lit. Each element must pass the ‘so what?’ test. If it doesn’t contribute to the photographer’s vision, then the element must be moved or removed. Compositional disciplines learned in the studio readily translate to better landscape photographs.
Then there’s lighting. Uncontrollable by the photographer working outdoors, in a studio setting – which may require no more than soft daylight coming through a window – the photographer can learn valuable lessons about shape and texture, tonal value and range, shadows and highlights. Lessons learned indoors translate well into skills required for successful outdoor work in conditions where optimum lighting may be fleeting.
For those concerned that all of this sounds very technique-driven, have no fear. Comprehending the three Rs – embracing ‘thinking photography’ to use John’s words – allows all of us to work with greater confidence to define our vision, to capture the image and to present it in a way which satisfies photographer and viewer alike.
John Blakemore Exhibition
John Blakemore: Seduced by Light brings together black and white landscapes and unique artist books to explore movement and light. The exhibition is accompanied by a new film about the photographer commissioned by the Centre for British Photography. Find the full 30 minute film on Vimeo.
The exhibition runs up to 24th September at the Centre for British Photography.
I remember when I first saw Mike Curry’s book, Fleeting Reflections. I was captivated by the utterly alien images presented. The front cover, in particular, reminded me of a Joy Division T-shirt I used to own. Mike wrote about the start of his project for us in 2017 which you can read here.
A little reading revealed that this photographic discovery was made among the reflections of buildings in the subtly rippling waters of Canary Wharf. The transformation of light and the instant capture of movement, combined with the reflective and bold coloured nature of many of the buildings, has created a pool of opportunity that Mike has mined at length.
I’m reminded of the Helsinki bus station theory of persistence. A summary goes that if you’re at the ‘bus station of originality’ and you get on a bus, you’ll pass lots of bus stops that suggest you’re getting somewhere but that aren’t your desired destination. Each time, you end up getting off the bus due to failure and go back to the bus station looking for a new bus. The alternative approach is to get on the bus and stay on the bus with the belief that you’ll eventually get to your desired destination. This is often summarised in popular culture as “Stay on the effing bus!”
I remember when I first saw Mike Curry’s book, Fleeting Reflections. I was captivated by the utterly alien images presented. The front cover, in particular, reminded me of a Joy Division T-shirt I used to own.
Mike Curry has stayed on the bus - he’s camping on the bus. He’s probably been around the route and back to the bus station multiple times by now!
The Kozu book sold out pretty quickly, so Mike has created a second volume that includes some of the best photographs from volume one but expands into a more rounded publication which takes you on a photographic journey through the project.
As Mike worked on these photographs, he also adopted some of the in-camera multiple exposure and blending techniques, which allowed him to create some extraordinary layered creations.
The book is nicely printed and explores quite a broad range of style of photographs, from singular graphic captures to complex, layered textures. Mike's eye for a bold design ensures that browsing the book doesn't become too repetitive.
If you want to read more about the way that Mike discovered and captured these photographs, this Phoblographer article is well worth a read.
Welcome to our 4x4 feature, which is a set of four mini landscape photography portfolios which has been submitted for publishing. Each portfolio consists of four images related in some way.
The photos were taken as part of my travels through South India, Tamil Nadu, from the end of March 2023 to early April 2023.
Ascension, from the title refers to my journey from the lowlands in Coimbatore to 2000 meters above sea level in Kodaikanal. The landscape images captured are a mix of color and black & white, a contrast to ups and downs, opposites and the paradoxes that humans face in reality and in relation to the natural environment around us.
These photos come from a nearby mountain that has become my home away from home over the past few years. Here, I can find solitude any day of the week, which is a requirement for my image making and mental well being. Not many people visit because it's short on big overlooks that are popular with the masses, but this is exactly why I've enjoyed exploring its many nooks and crannies. Its limited size means exploring isn't terribly daunting, and I've found it to be an infinite resource for scenes that spark creativity.
These four images portray segments of the wooded areas along one short stretch of the Connecticut River just north of Essex. The denseness of the forest initially appears tangled, chaotic, full of growth as well as decay. Peering more closely, though, patterns and design become more apparent. And what seems inert is actually changing steadily, if imperceptibly at any one moment. The forest has many moods, some of which are its own, and some of which we imagine.
I enjoy making photographs along the coastline as the subjects are varied, thereby providing a wide array of opportunities for different styles of photography. I particularly enjoy making photographs that blur boundaries between the water and sky to create a world of near fantasy, thereby deriving the title for this portfolio. I unified the photographs in this collection with a pastel color palette that envelops the coastline at the magic hour on either side of the day.
“Pink Sweep“, “Pacific Fantasia” and “Pastel Dreams” were made along California’s Pacific coastline. “Eternity” was made at Freycinet National Park in Tasmania, Australia.
In this article, Alex Boyd reflects on the series ‘The Point of the Deliverance’, a ten-year project which documented the western seaboards of Scotland and Ireland using wet-plate collodion. Here he discusses the origins of the project, how he managed to sustain it, and the journey to release it as a book.
I’ve come to realise in the two decades that I’ve worked as a photographer that I’m not someone who works quickly. Slowly engaging with a subject, repeatedly revisiting the same locations, getting to know their longer histories, and making a handful of images (and then not looking at them for years at a time) seems to be my general method. This approach is not uncommon for landscape photographers and explains why so many projects are never finished if it is indeed ever possible to truly finish a project. There is always so much more to do.
Perhaps my longest personal project is The Point of the Deliverance, a journey around the west coasts of Scotland and Ireland with a large format camera, dark tent and all the chemicals and equipment needed to make tintypes and ambrotypes. It had its origins in 2010 when I visited Sally Mann’s ‘The Family and the Land’ at the Photographers Gallery in London. The usage of antique processes was a revelation – I had recently returned from a visit to the west of Ireland and found that my images lacked some of the drama and presence I had experienced at the locations. Undoubtedly this was due to my skills as a photographer; however, no amount of darkroom manipulation or creative usage of filters in the field was giving me the aesthetic I was searching for. As I gazed in wonder at Mann’s work, I wondered if I might be able to learn how to make images this way or if, like daguerreotypes, they would be the preserve of a small group of wealthy photographers.
Perhaps my longest personal project is The Point of the Deliverance, a journey around the west coasts of Scotland and Ireland with a large format camera, dark tent and all the chemicals and equipment needed to make tintypes and ambrotypes.
The Road to Heasta, view to Blaven
Learning by failing – early experiments and motivations (2010-11)
As luck would have it, I was invited to exhibit with Thomas Joshua Cooper and others at a gallery in Glasgow, which included the work of a wet-plate photographer based in Scotland. Following a number of workshops learning how to produce flawless plates in a studio environment, I was able to acquire a camera and chemistry and get out into the land. This is where the true learning process began, as the effects of the Northern climate on my ability to consistently produce images were tested, with countless failures along the way.
These failures provided a focus. Making glass plates is not only time intensive but expensive. I worked in winter weather, with cold winds often blowing my dark box over. Chemicals were spilt, and glass plates were smashed, sometimes in error, other times out of frustration.
Shell to Sea protest cottage, County Mayo, Ireland
For those unfamiliar with working with wet-plate collodion – it’s a process that was first invented in the early 1850s. It requires collodion (gun cotton dissolved in ether), a syrupy substance which is poured onto a piece of tin or glass. This is then dipped into a bath of silver, where silver halides bind to the collodion, forming a photo sensitive film. In a darkened place, it’s loaded into a slide holder, exposed, and then developed and fixed in a dark tent, dark box, or darkroom.
For those unfamiliar with working with wet-plate collodion – it’s a process that was first invented in the early 1850s. It requires collodion (gun cotton dissolved in ether), a syrupy substance which is poured onto a piece of tin or glass. This is then dipped into a bath of silver, where silver halides bind to the collodion, forming a photo sensitive film.
It’s relatively straightforward once you get used to it. There are things which can go wrong, but experience allows you to quickly work them out. The difficulty arises in moving around all the gear around to make images in this way.
I’ve been waiting patiently to interview Brent Clark, having just been pipped to the post by Matt Payne’s Portrait in October 2022. Interestingly we were both drawn to Brett’s photography before he was announced as ‘Photographer of the Year’ in last year’s Natural Landscape Photography Awards.
I can certainly recognise and find resonance in Brent’s transition to a more personal style of photography, one which simply celebrates the quiet places and small scenes that often come to speak to us more loudly than the style of images that perhaps drew us to pick up a camera in the first place. So let’s start with the awards and then move from the extrinsic to the intrinsic. As you’re waiting for the who, what, why, when and where of the 2023 NLPA Awards, I think you’ll find it an engaging and affirming discussion.
Firstly, congratulations on your ‘Photographer of the Year’ accolade in the 2022 Natural Landscape Photography Awards. While you had two images in the 2021 NLPA book, I’m guessing that you weren’t expecting this kind of upgrade?
Thank you! I was incredibly happy and proud to have a couple of photographs in the 2021 NLPA book, so to be awarded “Photographer of the Year” in 2022 was particularly amazing and surprising. My general mindset in life and photography is that I am a student - I look up to people in order to learn and improve myself. I'm not really a competitive person who believes that my skills and output are deserving of any specific accolades. When I heard the news, I experienced a whirlwind of feelings (e.g. elation, joy, surprise, and confusion) and thoughts – “wait, some judges picked me over all this other talent?” “what brought me here, and where do I go from here?”, “what do other people think of me and my work?” While joy was the primary feeling at first, it lessened over time, and I am now left with those intriguing and somewhat disorienting questions when I reflect on it. I’d be curious if anyone else feels similarly because I would have never predicted feeling anything but pure joy.
I will start by saying that I am, unfortunately, only human, so I reserve the right to be imperfect, inconsistent, and irrational. Let me explain! When I am at my best, I am happy with my work regardless of what anyone thinks of it, but it seems to be human nature for us to be influenced by others. We are very social animals, after all.
Regardless, I’m very grateful and honoured about it!
It’s been a good second time around to read your own words about the images, and from these and the writing on your website, I sense that while the award is welcome, it may not change your approach to photography? You’ve already worked out that trying to impress other people isn’t a road that you want to follow, and said that “I admire that the natural world has no ego to feed”.
Yes, but I will start by saying that I am, unfortunately, only human, so I reserve the right to be imperfect, inconsistent, and irrational. Let me explain! When I am at my best, I am happy with my work regardless of what anyone thinks of it, but it seems to be human nature for us to be influenced by others. We are very social animals, after all.
While I spend the majority of my time in nature without ever pulling out my camera–or without even having a camera with me at all, for that matter–many of my most meaningful experiences have been while carefully studying a subject or scene through my viewfinder. As the years go by, I find my camera to be more and more of a complement to my experiences, deepening the connection I have with natural subjects. The camera, able to see things in ways that the naked eye is unable to, often causes me to have a more complex and intimate conversation with nature.
In the last ten years that I have dedicated myself to photography full-time, I have formed a stronger relationship with nature than I ever had before. I have been able to recognise so many of her different sides, moods, and expressions. I have seen how light can come in so many different qualities other than just bright or dark, strong or soft. I have learned so much more about how geological and living things are formed, how they decay and erode, and how fragile or resilient they actually are. On the front lines, experiencing it firsthand, I have become so much more aware of the destruction we have inflicted upon the natural world, the impending threats it faces, and how little wilderness is still left. I am not so certain these things would have happened had I not been practising photography all this time.
That being said, even while practising photography in nature, I am not implying that I spend all of my time looking at the world through my camera. In fact, I would argue that the absolute most important aspect of photography is observation, which begins not in the viewfinder but within the mind. I first need to experience things for myself–something must call my attention, a moment must move me in some way–before I even attempt to compose and record it. It is so important to first walk around, probably with the camera still put away, so that you can be as open as possible to your surroundings. The camera only comes out towards the end of my experience with a specific subject or scene once I have already sensed something meaningful and have mostly visualised how I could possibly photograph it.
A Barrier
Even though I have found the digital camera capable of drawing me further into an experience, as a sophisticated and technical machine, it can just as well have the opposite effect and become a distraction instead. The more we have to focus on operating the camera, how we are photographing a scene, and what equipment we are using to record it, the less connected we will feel to the subject we are photographing. Paying more attention to the tools you are using than what you are creating with them will dilute whatever experience you could potentially have. Consequently, focusing more on how you are saying something rather than what you are actually saying and–even more importantly–why you are saying anything in the first place.
One of the most personally rewarding aspects of moving to California eight years ago has been my discovery of, and growing fascination (some would say obsession) with, the incredible desert landscape of Joshua Tree National Park.
I have always been passionate about the outdoors, hiking, and exploring the hills and mountains of the UK and Europe.
I was born in the UK and spent 25+ years working in aerospace engineering (15 years while living in France and Germany). I'm now a recovering engineer and divide my time between marketing and photography.
I started taking photos at the age of 14 with my trusty Soviet-era Zenit 10 SLR camera, teaching myself the fundamentals of photography via countless rolls of poorly exposed black and white 35mm film. In my late teens, I progressed to slide film and loved Kodachrome for its rich saturated colours.
In 1996, we moved to Toulouse (France), staying for five years before moving to Munich (Germany) for 18 months, then back to the UK for four years, before living in Hamburg (Germany) for eight years.
As I’m on the wrong side of 50, when I started my engineering career, I spent about 10 years drafting engineering drawings on film using pencil or ink. These 2D drawings represented 3D objects, and that gave me good spatial awareness, a sense of perspective, the use of leading lines, patterns, etc.
As my career progressed (and consumed more and more hours), and during the early years of having a family, I had minimal opportunities for 'creative photography.' My photography was mainly family snapshots to document my daughters growing up and our family holidays together.
My photographic hiatus ended when we moved to Hamburg. I became good friends with another photographer, who gave me the encouragement I needed to make more time for my photography. Hamburg is a visually interesting city, and I took many photo walks around the city, taking urban and abstract images. I was hooked on photography again!
As I’m on the wrong side of 50, when I started my engineering career, I spent about 10 years drafting engineering drawings on film using pencil or ink. These 2D drawings represented 3D objects, and that gave me good spatial awareness, a sense of perspective, the use of leading lines, patterns, etc.
Many of those things carry over into my photography - especially in terms of how I interpret a scene in terms of lines, shapes, and textures.
I’m also very organised and methodical (to the point of obsession) and, being technically minded, enjoy the technical specifics of using camera equipment.
From 2010 to 2014, several events shaped my photographic journey and where we now live.
In 2010, we had our first trip to Joshua Tree National Park. My wife and I were staying in Palm Springs, and on a whim, we signed up for a 4WD trip to Joshua Tree. It was only a half-day, but I remember being fascinated by the desert landscape and vowed that someday I'd go back.
A turning point for my photography was attending my first (and to this date - only) photo workshop in 2011 - a landscape and seascape photography workshop in Dorset (UK). This workshop was a game changer for me for three reasons:
I used a tripod for the first time
It was drummed into me always to trust the histogram
I started using filters
Later in 2011, I transitioned from engineering to publishing and then marketing (that’s a story in itself). Once in my new marketing role, I took, on average, 30 long-haul trips per year (~400,000 miles annually) to the US, the Middle East, Australia, and Asia. During each work trip, I tried to fit in a half-day or day to explore and take photos.
After my frequent visits to the US West Coast for work - company visits, exhibitions, conferences, etc., I decided to take a job in the US, and we moved to SoCal (Lake Forest, OC) in August 2014.
Visiting Joshua Tree (appropriately) in 2014 reignited my passion for time spent out in nature and highlighted that I needed to improve my work/life balance significantly. It also triggered my transition from urban and abstract photography to landscape photography.
I started visiting Joshua Tree more frequently as I fell in love with the place - the desert - the landscape - the climate - the trees, and flora. I started spending more and more time in Joshua Tree - and now typically spend two weekends per month there.
I started visiting Joshua Tree more frequently as I fell in love with the place - the desert - the landscape - the climate - the trees, and flora. I started spending more and more time in Joshua Tree - and now typically spend two weekends per month there.
I have always been passionate about the outdoors, hiking, and exploring the hills and mountains of the UK and Europe. So when I moved to the US, my approach was no different. When I first started visiting Joshua Tree, I did a lot of hiking and made it a point to always walk on different trails, to get the lay of the land and build my knowledge of the park.
This approach has got me to some great locations that the majority of visitors will never see, as many don’t stray far from the road. For me, it unlocked the potential for Joshua Tree images.
Joshua Tree is an International Dark Sky Park - measuring 2 on the Bortle Scale - so is an excellent location for dark sky photography, such as star trails and photographing the milky way. I had never taken a dark sky photo before visiting Joshua Tree.
Joshua Tree is one of those places that doesn’t have an abundance of ‘classic photography locations’ - so it doesn’t see the typical over-saturation of me-too images of the same places. The fact that you have to work harder to find good images is a big part of the attraction for me.
I started Jon Norris Photography in 2018 as I wanted to share my love and passion for Joshua Tree while helping others learn and improve their landscape photography. I run one-to-one and small group workshops and provide online mentoring.
In 2021 I became a business member/sponsor of the Joshua Tree National Park Association - JTNPA (the official non-profit partner of Joshua Tree National Park). JTNPA supports natural and cultural resource preservation and educational activities. In January 2022, I became a volunteer for the JTNPA desert institute and help lead educational field classes on photography, wildlife, and geology. The volunteers attend each of the classes to support the instructor and ensure the welfare of the class attendees while out in the Joshua Tree desert.
I’m delighted to say that from Spring 2023, I’m also going to be an instructor for the Desert Institute, teaching two weekend photography workshops - a Fundamentals of Landscape Photography course and then an Advanced Landscape Photography course.
Joshua Tree National Park has profoundly impacted both my photography and me personally. It's my happy place, and I love getting off the grid and spending time exploring and experiencing this special place.
Exhibition details
I'm delighted to be showing my first exhibition, 'Seven Years in the Desert,' at the 29 Palms Art Gallery from Aug 31 to Sep 30, 2023. I hope that you'll join me for the artist reception that's being held on Sat, Sep 2, from 4-6 pm. Gallery hours are Fri-Sun, 11 am - 3 pm. You'll find the gallery at 74055 Cottonwood Drive (at National Park Drive), Twentynine Palms, CA 92277.
I grew up in Flagstaff, Arizona, amongst the unique landscapes of that region. I was, as a result, in tune with the local environmental ethos. A poignant local episode was the filling of Glen Canyon by Lake Powell. This happened about the time I was born, and yet it echoed for decades so that I could get caught up in it in my youth. Glen Canyon Dam launched an environmental movement of its own and reshaped the Sierra Club forever.
While I grew up, my family boated and camped at Lake Powell, and this was my mother’s favourite place to be. It is a special and magical place, even when filled with water. Many happy days were spent hiking the slick rock canyons and sleeping under the stone amphitheatres. One, however, could not help wondering what was buried and truncated beneath those waters as you slept beneath an incomparable spray of pinpricks in the velvet darkness.
Finn Hopson lives in the south of England, very near to the South Downs a range of rolling landscape that ranges from Winchester to Eastbourne. The land has been farmed for many generations, definitely as far back as the early Roman occupation and almost certainly going back to times just after the ice age. He’s been visiting the area since he was a child and has got to know the land intimately.
If I’m guessing correctly, Fieldmarks is a project that started even before Finn knew about it. You can’t help but collect images of places you love and visit often and this intimacy comes through in his work. Later, I imagine Finn returning to revisit ideas and places, adding to the range of images.
So what is Fieldwork about? Before I looked at the book, I thought it might be a little one-dimensional, but upon opening it I realised I had misjudged. As I browsed through the book, I was surprised at the quality and variety of images. Moreso, I was impressed at the flow of the images through the book. From early pictures which, as you might expect, portray the typical field pictures as shown on the cover, to later pictures that explore the variety of seasons, harvesting, mist, animal life, etc.
Finn Hopson's compositional skills are spot on time and time again as well. These images, redolent of Eric Ravilious's paintings of the south downs, exhibit a strong graphic style while avoiding the types of extreme minimalism that has become common in photography.
Throughout the book are scattered South Downs slang or out of use expressions for the land, weather or farming. These break up the sequence of the photographs, creating a variation in pace of rhythm. I particularly liked the word "Grattern" for a stubbly field.
A version of the book was originally released by Kozu but Finn has reprinted it in hardback and the print and paper quality is excellent.
You can buy the book from Finn's website, brightonphotography.com for £39. Finn also has offers of prints with the book as well.
I'm always happy to be pleasantly surprised by a book and Finn's has just done that and will sit proudly in my landscape library. Highly recommended!
We have a couple of interviews coming up with people who did well in last year’s Natural Landscape Photography Awards. As always, we’ve selected them for the quality of their work, not for any awards that they’ve won, but it is good to see the resonance here.
The first feature is with Misaki Nagao from Japan, who was Runner Up in the Trees, Forests and Woodlands category in 2022. As well as touching on his success, Misaki talks about the impetus that photography has brought, evolutions in taste for both what we consume on social media and the work that we make and the importance of friendship.
Would you like to start by telling readers a little about yourself – where you grew up, what your early interests were, and what you went on to study and do?
I was born in Ishikawa, Japan; I am now 27 years old. When I was a child, I was a normal kid who loved to play outside or play games in a cool room.
When I was little, my parents used to take me camping. By the time I reached junior high school, the frequency of these trips had decreased, but it is still one of the fun memories I remember. Perhaps because of this influence, I still like to be in touch with nature and often go camping and climbing as an adult.
It is not reality that photographs make immediately accessible, but images.~Susan Sontag
Transfixed by our technologies, we short-circuit the sensorial reciprocity between our breathing bodies and the bodily terrain. Human awareness folds in on itself, and the senses – once the crucial site of our engagement with the wild and animate earth – become mere adjuncts of an isolated and abstract mind bent on overcoming an organic reality that now seems disturbingly aloof and arbitrary~David Abram
There is a theory that the separation of man from nature was driven by the invention of the alphabet and phonetic writing1. Early forms of writing were pictorial and retained some symbolism of nature, but the Greek alphabet removed nearly all such references (even if we might still be able to perceive the origins of the Greek α (and our own letter a) in the Sumerian pictogram of a cattle head with horns, later turned on its side). As a result, nature became more remote, less directly experienced, and the animist beliefs that are common to many pre-literate societies (to this day) started to gradually fade away for the majority2. Indeed, from there, it was only a short evolutionary step before hundreds of climate scientists were taking long haul flights to discuss the climate crisis; the presidency of COP28 was being given to the head of a major oil company3; 0.6% of global energy resource was being used to support imaginary cryptocurrencies4; and the deteriorating landscape could be photographed at 100 Mpx and up to 400 frames per second5, only to be mostly shown on low resolution screens.
Landscape Alienation, Hauterive, Switzerland, February 2023
Animist beliefs often include the idea that nature is watching human behaviour and is thus to be sustained and protected. That separation, however, eventually led to nature becoming something to exploit: for agriculture, for minerals, and as a means of cheap disposal of wastes in rivers, seas and the atmosphere (as is still, appallingly and unforgivably, the case for the privatised water utilities in the UK who are giving more in dividends to shareholders than they plan to invest to improve the situation6). Developing technologies, from the printing press to the internet, have only made this separation greater. The air, in particular, once an important source of information about the environment around us, has become almost invisible, despite the fact that it is now a source of fine particulates, viruses, and fungal spores that can affect our health and aging (though a bit of particulate pollution, of course, will often help produce dramatic colours in sunset images7).
In the world of modernity the air has indeed become the most taken-for-granted of phenomena. Although we imbibe it continually we commonly fail to notice that there is anything there. We refer to the unseen depth between things as empty space. The invisibility of the atmosphere, far from leading us to attend to it more closely, now enables us to neglect it entirely.~David Abram, The Spell of the Sensuous
Our experience of nature has consequently become less immediate and much more influenced by technology in what we read, the images we see in reproduction, and the cameras we use. Susan Sontag (1933-2004), in her book On Photography, which first appeared in 1977, explored this idea in some depth. She suggested that the separation from nature provided by the camera was a way of assuaging any anxiety we feel about being in unusual locations (especially as tourists) for two reasons. The first is that when we are taking photographs, we are normally not at work, but photography acts as a form of work to assuage our puritanically-influenced consciences (for those from certain traditions, at least). The second is that photographs are a way of taming the unusual by capturing a moment in time and space. That time and space then become part of our collection of memories as represented by images8. Indeed, she later suggested that such images were replacing memory as a rather poor substitute for actual experience. The camera is an easy option to prove that we were there; one that stores away that experience in a way that, in principle, we can come back to at any time (though with the increasing number of images we do store away, finding them again might be a challenge, and losing them to disk failures etc a real possibility).
Of course, having read Guy Tal and other articles in On Landscape, most of us accept that photographs do not represent reality (they perhaps become real objects only as prints or books when they serve as an approximate, one step removed, representation of real experiences).
A way of certifying experience, taking photographs is also a way of refusing it – by converting experience into an image, a souvenir. Travel becomes a strategy for accumulating photographs.
~Susan Sontag, On Photography
Of course, having read Guy Tal and other articles in On Landscape, most of us accept that photographs do not represent reality (they perhaps become real objects only as prints or books when they serve as an approximate, one step removed, representation of real experiences). But philosophical debates about the effects of technology on experience go back to before photography had had a real impact - at least to Søren Kierkegaard in the 1840s. The technology then was the telegraph, bringing news of far-flung places faster than ever before, changing the nature of how people at that time experienced “news” (compare with now when news and fake news arrives almost continuously, even while we sleep).
But once photography took hold, the impact of images of remote places and people was perhaps even greater. People we had not met and places that had not been visited could be visualised for the first time (the impact on the creation of the first national parks in the US, for example, is well-documented9). It was in the 20th Century that this mediation of reality on experience by technology was considered in more depth, particularly by the philosophers known as the phenomenologists. Phenomenology is the study of the structure of individual experience. That experience can include our immediate sensations, but the experience is often wider than just sensations when they interact with the conscious mind. Clearly, our cameras mediate that experience, including the ways that Sontag identified. The question is perhaps a little more complex than that, however (but we are talking philosophy here – so it is alwaysmore complex than that!).
In this context phenomena are things that we consciously recognise (objects, feelings, emotions, ideas, landscapes). Phenomenology is the study of how and why we consciously recognise those things. There may be other things that (literally or effectively) we respond to only subconsciously, so one of the key concepts of phenomenology is that of intentionality, of conscious recognition.
This is a subject that has interested philosophers since the Greeks, but the modern study of phenomenology started with Edmond Husserl (1859 - 1938), who first used the term in his book Logical Investigations (1900-1901). He defined it as the science of the essence of consciousness approached from the perspective of the individual. The theme was then taken up by others, including Martin Heidegger (1889 – 1976) and Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980), and at least 7 variants of phenomenology were recognised in the Encyclopaedia of Phenomenology published in 199710. The philosopher of most interest to the phenomenology of landscapes is perhaps Maurice Merleau-Ponty (1908-1961) who published a book on The Phenomenology of Perception in 1945 (originally in French)11. More than the other phenomenologists, Merleau-Ponty engaged with cognitive scientists and psychologists of his time, creating an early foundation for some modern theories of mind. He also stressed the importance of subjective perception in consciousness and the individual experience of a reality. It is important, in his view, to consider perception as felt from within the individual, not as an external intellectual construct.
Insofar as, when I reflect on the essence of subjectivity, I find it bound up with that of the body and that of the world, this is because my existence as subjectivity [= consciousness] is merely one with my existence as a body and with the existence of the world, and because the subject that I am, when taken concretely, is inseparable from this body and this world.
~Merleau-Ponty, The Phenomenology of Perception
In the view of Merleau-Ponty, any art is a means of trying to capture the perceptions of an individual12. The interaction of that individual with his or her surroundings is fundamental to that perception, including elements of the history of the culture that individual lives in. Viewed from within13, we are shaped both by our sensual experiences of things and our history, including our use of language, but often independent of any verbal awareness.
In the view of Merleau-Ponty, any art is a means of trying to capture the perceptions of an individual. The interaction of that individual with his or her surroundings is fundamental to that perception, including elements of the history of the culture that individual lives in.
Phenomena: Perceptions and intentionality, Aureid, Switzerland, February 2023
Which brings us back to the alphabet and how technology may have shaped our perceptions of nature away from direct sensorial interactions that our ancestors needed to be learn how to interpret; to something more remote, mostly learned from books and images. Our phenomenology of experiencing the landscape has changed with the technology. Looking at the landscape through a viewfinder is a quite different experience to making inferences from the sounds and odours brought to us on the wind. Of course, some of us still learn to recognise bird song, identify the trees and flowers associated with different soil types, or interpret the coming weather from the cirrus or cumulonimbus clouds in the sky. Some of us are lucky enough to learn such knowledge as children from parents and elders, or later by teachers who know a lot about the science of the environment including knowledge that we cannot directly sense for ourselves (chemical and isotope analyses, genetic sequencing, microbial and fungal populations, remnant magnetism, thermoluminescence and so on). Technology has thus also provided greater depth of knowledge of the landscape, even if there is much that is not yet properly understood or part of a history mostly lost to us in an unrecorded past. Much of that knowledge is captured now by written text and images and available by searching in cloud land.
Phenomena: Perceptions and intentionality, Aureid, Switzerland, February 2023
But we have also lost something. We are sometimes exhorted to put down our cameras and just experience what is happening around us, to repress the urge to take or make an image and “reconnect with nature”. Such a suggestion implies that some phenomenological connection has been lost, that the camera imposes a disconnection from the real experience, a barrier between us and the essence of the wonderfully multifaceted landscape. That is surely true to some extent in all photographers. At one extreme, it is evident in the selfie image, which requires facing away from the landscape. But is also the case whenever we are at a classic location, worrying about whether we will be able to capture a classic image with a collection of past images in our mind rather than the landscape as it is in front of us (and therein lies a road to disappointment for many).
As photographers, separated from nature by the viewfinder, we are often participants in such a one-way process. We may feel some resonance. Some locations and conditions might resonate more than others, and there may be the element of surprise, luck or a chance phenomenon that suddenly enhances that resonance (see the sun halo below from a recent snowshoe walk).
But if phenomena are our conscious, intentional recognition of sensations, both external and internal, we can be proactive in seeking out those sensations that resonate with us while out in the landscape. This idea of seeking resonance has been expressed by the sociologist Hartmut Rosa as a way of reacting to the acceleration of many aspects of modernity14. While he explores the concept of resonance more in relation to other people, society and politics, he also discusses resonance with the landscape and environment. He points out that there is a resonance with nature in the modernist tradition, stemming from the writings of Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, that is irreconcilable with the capitalist utilisation of nature as a resource to be exploited. He cites Angelika Krebs in support of the idea that it is a sphere of resonance with nature that provides a rational for sustainability15, but is concerned that this is currently too one-sided – it is resonance as aesthetic contemplation, a sort of leftover from the concept of the sublime in Edmund Burke.
As photographers, separated from nature by the viewfinder, we are often participants in such a one-way process. We may feel some resonance. Some locations and conditions might resonate more than others, and there may be the element of surprise, luck or a chance phenomenon that suddenly enhances that resonance (see the sun halo below from a recent snowshoe walk). In the same way that we are individual in our response to phenomena, so we are individual in our capacities for resonance with phenomena we encounter (and with the camera systems we use, some being more satisfying than others). But even if we are more likely to contemplate, to slow down, to take time, to find satisfaction, and enjoy a process and scenes that resonate with us, we will often remain observers, one step removed, concentrating on the viewfinder, concerned with our art, when there is so much other feedback from nature to respond to.
Phenomena as chance, Euschelspass, Switzerland, January 2023
There is, however, another side of this aspect of being a photographer that can have benefit in our interactions with the phenomenological landscape. A camera is a separating device but also a means of focusing our attention. It involves intentionality in creating an experience (and hopefully a satisfying consequent image) as well as just being conscious of phenomena. In making a composition it is a way of learning how to see certain aspects of the landscape that might otherwise be overlooked16. We become more aware when we have the intentionality of looking for potential images. Occasionally there may even be the resonance of being “in the zone” or experiencing “flow”. There might still be much that we miss but growing as a photographer is a reflection of that learning process, perhaps also carrying some side benefits in increasing our depth of knowledge about interpreting the natural world. We may not get back anywhere near to the skills of our pre-literate ancestors in being able to infer information from our sensations, but we can surely be proactive about wanting to know more about what we see, hear and feel in the landscape and about wanting to protect it.
Reconnection with the Landscape, Euschelspass, Switzerland, January 2023
Reconnection with the Landscape, River Doe tributary, Ingleton, January 2023
Reconnection with the Landscape, textures and light, Morat, Switzerland, February 2023
Reconnection with the landscape, dynamic light reflections, Hauterive #1, Switzerland, February 2022
Reconnection with the landscape, dynamic light reflections, Hauterive #2, Switzerland, February 2022
Reconnecting with the Landscape, the sound of running water, Hauterive #3, Switzerland, February 2023
References
Partly, of course - see, for example, David Abram, The Spell of the Sensuous, 20th Anniversary Edition, Vintage Books, 2017. Another theory, mentioned in passing in the Hartmut Rosa book below, is that it started earlier when humans first started to wear shoes.
In an Afterword added to the 20th Anniversary Edition, David Abram writes: “In the absence of intervening technologies, sensorial perception is inherently animistic ….our sensing bodies cannot help but experience the other bodies that surround – not only other animals and plants but mountains, gushing rivers, buildings, thunderclouds and even the gushing wind – as open and enigmatic powers”
And it has been speculated that the dust from volcanic eruptions has had a significant influence on the paintings of artists, including J M W Turner, and later following the Krakatoa eruption, Edvard Munch’s The Scream (albeit painted later from the memory of the skies in Norway following the eruption). The British artist William Ascroft also left a whole series of pastel sunsets over the Thames at Chelsea following the Krakatoa eruption – see https://hyperallergic.com/173597/clouds-like-blood-how-a-19th-century-volcano-changed-the-color-of-sunsets/
Remember the days of enduring family slide shows, anyone?
And, more recently, at least 4 types of Speculative Realists, highly critical of the Phenomenologists (see Graham Harman, Speculative Realism, Polity Press, 2018)
There appear to be two English translations available, from 1996, translated by Colin Smith and from 2012, translated by Donald A. Landes, both published by Routledge.
He thought that science was the opposite of art, an abstraction that neglects the subjective profundity of any phenomenon that it tries to explain. He suggested that, therefore science cannot provide complete explanations of the world.
An interesting take on the view from within was provided by Thomas Nagel’s 1974 essay “What is it like to be a bat?” published in the Philosophical Review.
Hartmut Rosa, 2019, Resonance – A Sociology of our relationship to the world, Polity Press. Rosa’s argument is that resonance is more important than simple monetary resources in our finding satisfaction and happiness, and that different people will have different capacities for resonance (either with the natural world or with other people and society) that has a fundamental effect on satisfaction and happiness. He writes: “It is rather the result of a relationship to the world defined by the establishment and maintenance of stable axes of resonance that allow subjects to feel themselves sustained or even secured in a responsive accommodating world”.
Recently I was in a conversation with a group of photographers discussing originality in landscape photography. One of the members of the conversation quipped that they believed that everything had already been done and that being original is no longer possible. At first glance, I found this statement to hold a lot of truth. The more photography I look at, the less and less I find that is truly original or interesting. Such is probably the case in all art forms the longer we engage with them; however, I think in landscape and nature photography, it is still possible to produce original work that surprises the viewer in new ways. This has seemingly always been the case with the images produced by the subject of today’s article, David Thompson.
I’ve been following David’s work for many years, and there are several aspects of his work and him as a person that I greatly admire. For starters, he seems to always be forging his own path forward with his images. While he may not be the first person to create images of any given location, he always puts a fresh spin on these places with his approach to making photographs. Second, David masterfully walks the thin tightrope between truthful depiction of natural scenes and instilling a sense of artistic flair. Lastly, David is one of the most generous and helpful photographers I have ever met in my life.
Landscape photographers David Ward and Joe Cornish first met four decades ago. The friendship, and friendly rivalry, which sprung up at that time remains as strong as ever. David and Joe continue to work together, admire and critique each other’s photographs, teach, discuss and write about photography.
This warm and inspirational photographic relationship is the catalyst for our autumn exhibition. Very familiar with each other’s oeuvre both photographers will be selecting work from a combined pool of image choices. David and Joe’s working philosophy regarding this exhibition is to choose photographs which reinforce and confound expectations; images will be chosen in pairs to show correspondences of form, colour, composition and theme. However, despite each photographer having a reputation for a particular style in the landscape photographer genre, David and Joe are keen to exhibit photographs which do not conform to this trend: the exhibition will include landscape vista photographs by David Ward and intimate landscape details by Joe Cornish. The final image selection will include both recently made photographs and a few old favourites.
As a mathematically illiterate non-scientist, I am still intrigued, beguiled, and fascinated by all the manifestations of the world around us and the wider universe beyond. A few weeks ago, Sam (our earth science PhD son) left a book very deliberately out on the kitchen table, which caught my eye. Helgoland is by Carlo Rovelli and aims to help the curious-but-not-necessarily-scientific reader get to grips with quantum mechanics. I am about 2/3rds of the way through and still unable to grasp the apparent mysteries of the sub-atomic world. But one thing I do understand that comes through strongly in Rovelli’s narrative is this: relationship. His overriding philosophical framework for quantum theory is that everything exists in relation to everything else and that isolating elements is…misleading.
I did find that an exciting concept, if only because when it comes to composition in photography, it chimes with my own view of how pictures work. Namely that their internal relationships, of light and colour, texture and tone, form, shape, line… that all these ‘elements’ of composition exist in relationships, and attempting to break them down into conventions, rules, and regulations is simply… misleading.
David Ward, Echoes Of Fox Talbot
Joe Cornish, A'Mhaigdean Ridge
And there is another aspect of relationship that has become fundamental to me over time. That is the relationship with friends, mentors, associates and colleagues that guide our creative endeavours. We always owe something to others, however much a landscape photographer’s work appears made in isolation.
In planning ‘Creative Parallels’, this autumn’s joint exhibition with David Ward, we will illustrate through our choice and juxtaposition of images old and new that the ultimate expression of creative relationship is: collaboration.
For several years I worked on books with Eddie Ephraums, and I recall Eddie telling me then how much he enjoyed and believed in collaboration. This might well be the first time I thought consciously about it, and I realise now that this idea has guided many of my own since. I am also hugely grateful to Eddie for our particular collaboration, based on friendship. We worked constructively and creatively through ideas, navigating differences of opinion and approach, to produce books which I am still proud of twenty years later. Eddie’s design aesthetic, sense of proportion, layout and knowledge of typography, as well as his own brilliant photography, remain an inspiration.
Joe Cornish, Rain Dance, Newton Wood
David Ward, Peel
I’ve also been so fortunate to have worked with many outstanding photographers and painters, especially in the last decade. It seems wrong to name drop my way through a list, but having led workshops with personal heroes of mine like Charles Cramer, Mark Littlejohn and Mark Carwardine (wildlife), it’s also a chance to express my gratitude. I have also co-led with the leading landscape photographers of the next generation, Antony Spencer and Alex Nail, and last year had a joint exhibition with Simon Baxter, whose woodland photography has almost single-handedly elevated this vital theme as inspiration for British photographers.
Of all those I have collaborated with, though, no doubt one stands out, and that is my dear friend David Ward. I have lost count of the number of workshops we have led, and the days we have spent together on the hill or by the sea. It has been a friendship based on banter, shared experiences, philosophical discussion, dubious jokes, good food, the odd glass of red wine, and plenty of silliness.
David Ward, Ice Shadows
Joe Cornish, Unto the Hills
But until now we have never had an exhibition together. While I can’t deny that this is just a little intimidating for me, it is also a wonderful opportunity to share our ongoing conversations about the medium and the world around us. In presentation, the formal concept we have chosen is to share and pair images together. In some cases the connections might be obvious, in others less so. But we are aiming to ask questions more than provide answers.
Joe Cornish, Dewdrop Galaxy
David Ward, Salt Arc
The themes may include (in no particular order):
Compositional anatomy and symmetry/asymmetry;
Storytelling and the expression of ideas;
Geography or Metaphor?;
The unfamiliar familiar;
Gifts of Light;
The transformations of photography;
Lamentation;
Beauty;
Creative associations and references (from other art forms);
Striving for connection.
David has a reputation as an intellectual heavyweight; ‘formidable’ doesn’t really begin to do him justice. I like to say the reason he lets me co-lead workshops is that I am there to make him look good! The extraordinary loyalty he enjoys from his clients, many of whom inevitably have become friends, is all the evidence needed that wherever we are with our photography, David helps us see the world in new and different ways. He achieves this through his teaching and guidance, through his endless ability to provoke ideas, and through his unique images.
Joe Cornish, Contours Of Concern
David Ward, Sand Puzzle
Over twenty years ago, First Light was published (commissioned and designed by the aforementioned Eddie Ephraums). The final chapter is entitled Friends and Heroes and gives me a chance to focus on a number of photographers who influenced me over the years. Several of them are remote figures who I never met (Ansel Adams, David Muench, Peter Dombrovskis). In the case of Paul Wakefield and John Blakemore, I am lucky enough to have met them several times since publication; while the rest are friends who are also heroes. One of these is David.
David Ward, Hope
Joe Cornish, Gribdale Woods Winter
A lot of water has flowed under the bridge since then. We have had many, many experiences and adventures together, workshops, tours, and evenings of discussion, debate, and laughter. And the occasional scotch. We have been lucky enough to work with a dazzling array of brilliant photographers, many of whom have gone on to make outstanding contributions in the photographic community and beyond.
I have seen David’s own work ebb and flow according to the inevitable rhythms of the creative life. Right now, he is on another surge, finding new ways to surprise, baffle and delight the viewer. It is a privilege to be able to share exhibition space with David, in my eyes, one of the world’s most creative and inspiring photographers.
The beginning of the project in Pärlälvens Nature Reserve, June 2023
As I’m writing this, I’ve just got back from a two week adventure into the old forests of northern Sweden which marked the beginning of my new project, Moments in The Wilderness.
On this first adventure, I was out to portray a vast area of old growth forest in Lapland called Pärlälvens Nature Reserve. For those of you who don’t know my work, these kinds of strenuous photographic adventures is something I’ve been doing for two decades. I’ve found them to be the only way to photograph these large wilderness areas, and they have been very rewarding to me personally.
The years I’ve spent in solitude have helped me grow both as a person and as a photographer. On my long adventures, I’ve not only been a visitor, I have been living in nature - with nature.
My life’s work is to portray the Swedish wilderness through my photography, but lately, I’ve felt the urge to work with a more defined project.
My life’s work is to portray the Swedish wilderness through my photography, but lately, I’ve felt the urge to work with a more defined project.
During the last couple of years, I’ve been working with video to document my adventures, and I’ve made a few shorter films that I’ve shared on YouTube. Now I thought to myself, what if I could produce a full-length documentary film that portrays both the wilderness and my work out there as a photographer throughout a whole year? And what if I also could make a limited edition print portfolio with the photographs from the project?
This photograph by Charlotte Gibb has been amongst my very favourite images for quite some time now. It is obviously a photograph of a well-known waterfall in the iconic Yosemite National Park, a place that has been photographed over and over again by so many, including of course, the unforgettable Ansel Adams. The reason why I chose this image as a favourite is because Charlotte has managed to make a photograph of an iconic spot that is most definitely hers. You might think that it is easy to make a good picture in a place as beautiful as this, but the fact is that it is actually much harder to create a photo that encapsulates your own impressions of a scene that so many have photographed already. It takes a photographer with not just an exquisite eye, with a willingness to express oneself in one’s work but also someone who has a deep connection to a place akin to a friendship that deepens over time. It takes a trained eye, a strong belief in one’s own vision and, yes, talent too, to look beyond the obvious and superficial and find another way of looking at things.
I admire Charlotte for her incredible and rare eye for the intimate and delicate side of the landscape. Her work is mesmerising, poetic and almost ethereal. She goes well beyond the clichés whilst being fully aware of them. It requires an unshakable belief in your own vision and the worthiness of it to pursue it with such determination. This picture is a favourite of mine for many reasons because it is so much more than just a cliché of Yosemite National Park. It is composed of several elements that together make it so extraordinary. I often tell clients that photography is about time, the fleeting nature of it, and at the same time, it is about timelessness. The combination of the two makes photography just such an expressive medium. There is this fleeting moment where wisps of mist turn an otherwise flat scene into something more ethereal, whilst of course, also creating a separation between the trees and the background. It creates depth, but it also creates a feeling of serenity which is then amplified by Charlotte’s other compositional choices.
The sea worked its way into Isabel’s blood from an early age, shaping her interests, career and - inevitably - her photography, about which she has said, “Since I became a photographer, everything I thought I knew has been transformed”. Much of her portfolio celebrates her relationship with the coast that she knows so well, and she is selective in choosing its quieter places.
Charlotte interviewed Isabel in 2021 about her book ‘Between Tides’, and she is also one of the subjects in René Algesheimer’s book ‘Voice of the Eyes’.
Would you like to start by telling readers a little about yourself – where you grew up, what your early interests were, and what you went on to do?
I was born and raised in the Basque Country in the 1960s. My life was split between two worlds. Nine interminable months a year were spent in an industrial town. The streets were not a suitable place for a child, so I spent many hours at home doing handicrafts and, above all, using my imagination. Painting was important to me from a very early age, and although I was not lucky enough to get proper training, I developed a strong sense of colour. We lived in a house by the sea for the rest of the year, from late spring to early autumn. It was paradise. My father had a boat to go fishing. The colours of the sea, its waves, its mood swings and its immensity mesmerized me. Exploring and discovering the wonders of the coast was exciting; I fell in love with the sea.
When I was 18, I went to the Canary Islands to study Marine Sciences. After five wonderful years there, I returned to the Basque Country, where I did my PhD in seaweeds as bioindicators of environmental quality. After that, my professional career as a researcher continued to be linked to the sea.
Into the Woods is a new exhibition by British photographer Ellie Davies which will showcase work from her new series Chalk Streams. These waterways are one of the world’s most unique and rare ecosystems, 85% of which are found in the UK. They support a high biodiversity of wild creatures and have been likened to rainforests and coral reefs in their ecological importance, but they are under huge threat from numerous stressors.
In her most recent Chalk Streams and Seascapes series, light from the surface of the sea is overlaid onto forests and rivers. The light represents an ingress on these important ecosystems by the destructive human impacts of climate change, rising sea levels, pollution, water abstraction, farm runoff - the list goes on. The beguiling sparkles hint at the insidious nature of these pressures, the relentless altering and damaging of wild places and the need to protect them. They are a call for change, and although they reflect a sense of deep concern about the urgencies of the climate crisis, they hold a strong and enduring hope for the future.
This new series will be shown alongside prints from many of her earlier bodies of work created over the past 10 years in UK woodlands, exploring the complex interrelationships between the landscape and the individual. Throughout her practice, small acts of engagement respond to the landscape. Using the forest as her studio, fires or pools of light hint at a human presence, whilst starscapes taken by the Hubble Telescope reflect on a fundamental disconnection from nature.
Into The Woods will run from 28 July until 18 August 2023 at Crane Kalman Gallery, 178 Brompton Road, London, SW1 1HQ.
Like a hunter [a photographer] must place themselves in a location that will allow them to take advantage of a situation that has yet to develop
~Colin Prior
For humanity's entire existence, bar the last century or so, we were restricted to gazing up with wonder at the night sky from ground level. What a view that would have been - no aeroplanes, no satellites, no light pollution. On a clear night, the skies would reveal the planets, the stars, and the Milky Way with such clarity and beauty, the likes of which today you can only see in places far from the light polluting effects of modern civilization. Now, we routinely fly around the globe, leave Earth’s gravity, inhabit space and even safely land objects on other celestial bodies like Mars and the Moon. Recently, the Perseverance Rover on Mars successfully created pure oxygen by splitting the carbon dioxide from Mars’ thin atmosphere into its constituent parts. An experiment that will pave the way for the human habitation of our closest planet.
In just 200,000 years, we have gone from hunting and gathering in migrating tribes and bands that occupied the savannas of a single continent - Africa, to sedentary agricultural and technologically advanced societies that occupy every continent on Earth. The prospect of inhabiting other worlds, like Mars, is very much on our horizon, and some of the most distant objects in the Solar System – such as Pluto and its orbiting body - have been viewed, up close, by probes such as NASA’s New Horizons. Interesting times.
On the grand scale of things, this progress is all very recent. If you compress the Earth’s entire history into a day, we have had the pleasure of wandering this planet for less than two minutes as modern humans. Cities have existed for just 1/10 of a second. Of course, all this progress hangs in the balance.
On the grand scale of things, this progress is all very recent. If you compress the Earth’s entire history into a day, we have had the pleasure of wandering this planet for less than two minutes as modern humans. Cities have existed for just 1/10 of a second. Of course, all this progress hangs in the balance.
We find ourselves in a position where on the one hand, it is literally the safest time to be alive, whilst simultaneously, on the other, being the most dangerous, thanks to our new-found ability to obliterate ourselves at scale. A knife edge, to be sure.
Worlds Apart
Our brains are geared up to deal with a very different world to the one in which we inhabit today. Take food as an example, we can obtain certain foods like sugar and fat very easily in today’s world; just a quick trip to the local shop and some money is all it takes. However, sugars and fats were exactly the kinds of foods that were most difficult to obtain in our ancestral past. The desirability and readiness with which they are available today, compared to how unavailable they were in the past, has the unfortunate side-effect of nudging us toward over-consumption in a world where these foods are easy to obtain. An old brain circuit that certainly helped our ancestors survive in times of scarcity but is no longer beneficial in a world of abundance.
Evolutionary psychologists use the term ‘mismatch theory’ to describe the problem between behavioural patterns that led to higher survival rates in the past, and our modern lives, where those same behaviours no longer serve quite the same benefit. On the contrary, those behaviours can be detrimental, as seen by the global statistics regarding obesity and diabetes. In other words, mismatch theory refers to evolved traits that were once advantageous but are now maladaptive because our environment has changed so much and so quickly over the course of the last 10 millennia or so. This does mean that the speed of human evolution is far too slow at making the necessary changes to keep up with these dramatic environmental shifts, hence the growing 'mismatch'.
Another area where mismatch has a detrimental effect on humanity is in our capacity as information gatherers and interpreters. There has never been as much information in the world as there is today, thanks to global networking in the form of the World Wide Web and the ubiquity of technologies like the mobile phone. We are saturated with information. Of course, we have a preference to feel good rather than bad, and so we seek out information that affirms our ideas about the world, about ourselves, and about our group. Unfortunately, this can often be at the expense of information that might be more accurate but of less interest, less entertainment value, or less outrage. We find emotive stories easier to follow than facts, and we are suckers for advertisements and other types of persuasive messaging. Social media poses a particular problem, especially in politics, where we can easily be targeted with tailor made ‘memes’ designed to foster powerful emotional states like anger or disgust toward certain people and groups. Today’s world is so different to the one from which we all emerged that the word ‘mismatch’ in mismatch theory seems to understate the problem. Perhaps ‘chasm theory’ might be more apt.
Despite these problems, and I could go on (…and on), one of our most successful traits as a species is our brain's remarkable capacity for adaptability and change. We did not evolve to read or write, ride a bicycle, drive a car, or fly a plane. Evolution by natural selection did not select groups of genes in order to make us good at playing computer games, competing in sports or wielding a camera to make photographs and yet, as a species, some of us are very good at doing these things. So good it seems that you could say that it comes ‘naturally’ to us. What is it that allows us to be so adaptable and subsequently so different to all the other species on this planet?
The Art of Tracking
It is obvious that the human mind is an extremely powerful tool given the myriad ways that humanity has changed the Earth’s environment, but is there anything specific that can be identified, something that might reveal how we have come to think and behave so differently? And can this be related to an activity such as landscape photography?
It is obvious that the human mind is an extremely powerful tool given the myriad ways that humanity has changed the Earth’s environment, but is there anything specific that can be identified, something that might reveal how we have come to think and behave so differently? And can this be related to an activity such as landscape photography?
The last few decades have seen much progress in the sciences that might help explain the thought and behavioural differences that demarcate humanity from other animals. Much of this research concentrates on the minutiae of what is going on in the brain, the ‘nuts and bolts, ’ so to speak. However, I think the work in burgeoning fields like Evolutionary Psychology, and more specifically, that of anthropologist Louis Liebenberg to be of particular interest and importance due to the generality and reach of their explanations; ‘generality’ being an aspect I think to be extremely important to the human mind.
Liebenberg looks to the lives and skills of hunter gatherers for answers, specifically their abilities in finding and catching prey and evading predators. He also makes a distinction between two different modes of thought: systemic reasoning and speculative reasoning in aid of these important survival objectives that all our ancestors faced. He says, in his paper, Tracking Science (Liebenberg. L, 1990 The Art of Tracking: The Origin of Science), that ‘’In easy tracking terrain, trackers may follow a trail simply by looking for one sign after the other, but, in difficult terrain this can become so time-consuming that they may never catch up with their quarry’’. He goes on ‘’instead of looking for one sign at a time, the trackers imagine themselves in the position of their quarry in order to anticipate the route their quarry may have taken. They then decide in advance where they can expect to find signs instead of wasting time looking for them. To construct an animal’s activities, specific actions and movements must be seen in the context of the animal’s whole environment at specific times and places’’.
Liebenberg points out that hunter gatherer tribe members make routine use of both systematic and speculative reasoning and that, when combined, are powerful forms of logic that allowed our ancestors to consistently outsmart their prey. Systematic reasoning is straightforward, it involves the identification of signs and knowing that those signs relate to predictable things in the world.
Liebenberg points out that hunter gatherer tribe members make routine use of both systematic and speculative reasoning and that, when combined, are powerful forms of logic that allowed our ancestors to consistently outsmart their prey.
For example, identifying the tracks of specific animals because they share the same characteristics each time; or, that certain stars point in certain directions during the night; or, that the sun rises in the East and sets in the West, etc. Systematic reasoning is the identification of consistent signs that we can use with a high level of certainty thanks to their reoccurring and predictable patterns. This is a powerful way of thinking. However, there are ways to make this even more powerful - by adding speculation to the mix and thinking in the abstract. It would be hugely advantageous if we were not only able to consistently identify certain animals by the signs that they leave behind but to actually think like those animals. That is - to use our imaginations and put ourselves in the animal's mind in order to make novel predictions about that animal's future behaviour. Thinking like a predator allows us to pre-empt their behaviour in order to evade them; thinking like a prey animal allows us to predict that animal's behaviour and gain valuable time while in pursuit. Both of these strategies lead to more survival and more food.
By making novel predictions, that is, to speculate about the future, coupled with an intimate knowledge of the animal and its environment, one can form a testable idea (also known as a hypothesis). Tracks, whilst obvious in places, may be missing entirely in other areas, they are only a partial, and over time - a diminishing record of an animal's behaviour. If you know, there are wildebeest around because you have identified some partial tracks (systematic reasoning) and that it is approaching the middle of the day, putting yourself in that animal's mind might suggest to you that it will be seeking shade at this point in time because of the heat from direct sun exposure (speculative reasoning). The hypothesis ‘this animal is nearby, likely in shade’ could be made and explored. In addition, this new hypothetical piece of information can be shared with other tribe members and tested by visiting nearby shaded areas leading to confirmation or refutation of their original hypothesis.
Liebenberg says, ‘’such a reconstruction [about the animal’s behaviour] will contain more information than is evident from the tracks and will therefore be partly factual and partly hypothetical.’’ Obviously, as you track, more information is gathered, Liebenberg states that ‘’hypotheses may have to be revised or substituted for better ones’’. Modern science that is – the creation of a testable hypothesis to predict a novel fact about the world, although much more refined today, is dependent on such modes of thinking.
Thinking systematically might tell us that the Sun rises in the East and sets in the West due to its repeating pattern, but it will not tell us why that pattern occurs. It is a creative science, that is, speculative reasoning via the use of one’s imagination coupled with the capacity for refutation and revision that allows us to predict that it is the Earth’s rotation on its axis that accounts for the Sun's position at the beginning, and, at the end of the day.
Further speculation will eventually tell us that the Sun's energy is the result of a proton-proton chain reaction that converts hydrogen nuclei into helium, a process that releases enough energy across the Solar System to warm our planet. In theory, there is no limit as to how much we can speculate in this way. Humans have never landed on the Sun. We do not need to go there. Our own speculations and refutations over a long period of time got us to a point where we know that the Sun is a place that we should not visit due to its inhospitable properties.
I argue that as landscape photographers, we are co-opting the same basic principles of thought. When we consider the location of the Sun, the moon, and the stars, we are thinking systematically about our environment. When we go through the routine technicalities of using camera equipment, from setting up the tripod, attaching the right lens, applying the hood, adjusting the focus, the camera’s white balance, ISO and a whole host of other settings for other bits of equipment we rely on, we are thinking systematically.
I argue that as landscape photographers, we are co-opting the same basic principles of thought. When we consider the location of the Sun, the moon, and the stars, we are thinking systematically about our environment. When we go through the routine technicalities of using camera equipment, from setting up the tripod, attaching the right lens, applying the hood, adjusting the focus, the camera’s white balance, ISO and a whole host of other settings for other bits of equipment we rely on, we are thinking systematically. When we study the details within the landscape (the patterns, the lighting) and decide on a composition, when we deliberate over what we want and what we do not want in the frame, we are running an experiment. We are trying to answer a question about the arrangement of the things within the image relative to our position and whether this combination of shape and colour could hold some aesthetic value. ‘Does this work?’, ‘Is this pleasing?’ and ‘How can I improve on this?’ are questions that a photographer asks him or herself over and over as we run test after test. We may decide that it does not work and figure out a way that does via trial and error.
We may confer with our companions and refine an idea further or reject the idea altogether, moving through the landscape until something else reveals itself to us. And then we try again. Our imagination also plays a big part. The information we gather as we progress through the landscape can be used to make predictions. For example, an image that does not work now might work tomorrow with a change in the angle of the sun, a change in the weather, or the season. When we think like this, we are speculative reasoners (creative scientists) in the way Liebenberg describes.
Surely the interaction between these two modes of thought – systematic and speculative reasoning, as a landscape photographer, relies upon the same background processes that our hunter gatherer tribal ancestors used to gain advantages over their quarry and survive while in their landscapes?
Re-purposing the mind
Exaptation is a term used by evolutionary biologists to describe a trait that evolved for one purpose but ended up being used for another that is quite different from its original function. The classic example is bird feathers. They are thought to have originated as an adaptation to help regulate temperature, then they were co-opted for displays, and, eventually, adapted for flight which is now their main purpose. Our brains are another example, as described earlier, we did not evolve to ride bicycles, drive cars, or fly planes; to read, write or create works of art, and yet, after some training, we can adapt the modules in our brain to do these things extremely well.
The psychologist and linguist Steven Pinker argues that a possible answer to the problem of where our tendency for the arts might come from does not lie in specific adaptations for art, music, and literature but rather in the evolved mechanisms of the mind for other purposes that ‘’let people take pleasure in shapes and colours and sounds and jokes and stories and myths’’ (Pinker, 1997, p. 523). Our propensity for the enjoyment of art and the pursuance of an art is likely a non-adaptive by product of a multitude of specific mechanisms in the brain that evolved for other purposes. When locating ripe fruit, for example, physical and mental adaptations for colour vision are going to help; furthermore, we are more likely to gather that fruit if doing so produces positive emotions, like pleasure. So, when we enjoy viewing an image that contains berries and ripe fruit, are we stimulating those old mechanisms in the brain? Have ‘’humans learned to artificially activate existing mechanisms by inventing cultural products that mimic the stimuli for which the mechanisms were originally designed’’? (David M. Buss 2019, p. 399).
When we develop our artistic skills we are making use of our intellectual faculties with the purpose to produce something that stimulates us in some way, whether it be an enjoyable image, a pleasing sound or an exquisite meal. Steven Pinker says that we might have found ways of ‘’giving [ourselves] intense artificial doses of the sights and sounds and smells that ordinarily are given off by healthful environments’’. He goes on to say that ‘’We enjoy strawberry cheesecake, but not because we evolved a taste for it [specifically]. We evolved circuits that give us trickles of enjoyment from the sweet taste of ripe fruit, the creamy mouth feel of fats and oils from nuts and meat, and the coolness of fresh water.’’ Steven Pinker adds that ‘’Cheesecake packs a sensual wallop unlike anything in the natural world because it is a brew of mega doses of agreeable stimuli which we concocted for the express purpose of pressing our pleasure buttons’’.
As hunter gatherers, we would go out into the wider environment, traverse the landscape, gather resources, and bring them back home. This behaviour would have been fundamental to our survival. Are we doing anything different as landscape photographers? Even the language of photography, as seen in forums, books, and camera club discussions, highlight this: ‘Got the shot!’, ‘Great capture!’ and ‘bagged it!’ are all common parlance in photographic circles. It might be crude, but the behaviour of a photographer and the language that often accompanies it are all governed by ancient, inescapable and implicit systems that operate in the background of our minds. Of course, we should adopt enlightened values like those encapsulated in the phrase ‘leave only footprints, take only photos and kill nothing but time’ in order to minimise any impact that we might have on the environment, but we cannot escape those implicit background processes, no matter how much we try to dress them up.
There has been an attempt to shift the practice and language of photography away from what is perceived as a lesser activity, like hunting, by photography’s more refined practitioners. I can understand this, the thought of likening an art form to that of something that ‘takes’ from the environment can feel distasteful, primitive even, especially in a world where extractive economies can cause huge damage to our environment.
No, mindful photographers are encouraged to make photographs, not take them.
Are landscape photographers behaving more like our hunter gatherer ancestors than we might care to admit? Are we just adapting past behavioural mechanisms that were necessary for our ancestor's survival to that of modern life, only in novel ways, as in - photography, sports, the creation of works of art and complex foods?.
However, if Liebenberg is right, then the art of tracking quarry - that is, the ancient activity of hunting in small groups - could have been one of the activities that contributed to a seismic shift in our brains toward speculative reasoning; and without speculative reasoning, we would not have scientific thought, and subsequently, no photography, or indeed any art.
So, next time you feel compelled to go out and track the weather, the position of the Sun, the Moon and the stars; taking into consideration the time, the context and the place; try to anticipate the play of light across the landscape; share your ideas with your companions, generate new ideas according to new information, and, patiently wait for your predictions to come to fruition, all for the purposes of making a landscape photograph, spare a thought for where this motivation and behaviour might come from. Are landscape photographers behaving more like our hunter gatherer ancestors than we might care to admit? Are we just adapting past behavioural mechanisms that were necessary for our ancestor's survival to that of modern life, only in novel ways, as in - photography, sports, the creation of works of art and complex foods?
Could the ‘mismatch’ between our past and present lives be causing us to feel a void that we feel compelled to fill, so we seek out similar behaviours, and instead of those behaviours leading to more food and more survival in today's world, they lead to pictures, healthy competition, and frivolous foods that are enjoyable to eat. Meanwhile, at the same time, these behaviours provide us with fulfilment, happiness and meaning in a world of abundance.
And finally, although these same mechanisms may have led us to art and modern science, they also led us to the Anthropocene, a new epoch in Earth’s history defined by the negative effects of human activities on a global scale. I am, however, optimistic about our future because, given our powerful minds and interconnected lives, solutions to our biggest problems are never too far away; all we need is to realise what the next adjacent idea is and explore that horizon of possibility for the answers that we seek.
Nowadays, psychologists know that creative adults are those who managed to reconnect with their childhood interests and delve deeper into those passions after the turbulent times of adolescence. Studying Hokusai, it seems he never lost that connection.
Dante Alighieri, in his Divine Comedy, having lost his way within the depth of a mid-life crisis, meets and departs on an imaginary journey with his mentor, Virgil, a poet who lived 1000 years before him and whom he greatly admired. I have always liked this idea to do some introspective work with the imaginary help of a revered master from the past. I figure that if I’d ever find myself in Dante’s situation, I would probably picture Hokusai as my Virgil and would trust him to put me back on the right path.
Midway upon the journey of our life
I found myself within a forest dark,
For the straightforward pathway had been lost.
~Dante Alighieri, the beginning of his Divine Comedy
Hokusai retained the playful attitude and innate ever-blooming curiosity of a child throughout his life. Nowadays, psychologists know that creative adults are those who managed to reconnect with their childhood interests and delve deeper into those passions after the turbulent times of adolescence. Studying Hokusai, it seems he never lost that connection. He always felt a deep fascination with the world and a profound love for his craft, always wanting to understand the world and evolve through it. Curiosity is everything. For this reason, and for all the information about him in this text, in Dante’s situation, I would follow Hokusai.
I have always been attracted, even spellbound, by photography and its capacity to reproduce something lived. At first, it was analogue photography, then came digital photography and altering course to digital meant a challenge for me.
In the meantime, I had some academic related jobs. One with university professors doing research and later, as an elementary Montessori teacher. These were the formal jobs from which I received an income. Nevertheless, my interest in photography never faded away, even though I did not receive any income from my photographic calling.
Besides travelling and years studying abroad, I have always lived in Puerto Rico, one of the Caribbean islands in Central America. The Island was first colonised by Spain; this explains our Spanish language and heritage. Later, in 1898, Puerto Rico was acquired by the United States as a war bounty and still remains a colony of the U.S. We have had to live with recurrent political, socio-cultural and racial discrimination. As a Puerto Rican women and artist working with the photography medium, it has been difficult to get a healthy and fair exposure to my photographs. But I was stubborn enough to continue making “my abstract-style” artwork.
Some years passed, and a better economic family situation allowed me to focus full-time to develop my photography the way I felt correct. Photographing what everybody could see and reproducing the obvious seemed repetitive. It was then I felt a clear commitment to developing a photographic language that would respond more to my intuition and imagination than to what my eyes could see. From this moment on, and with overflowing enthusiasm, I fully dedicated my time and effort to discovering the magic of all that was hidden from my eyes or difficult to see.
Photographing hidden details, like glass or metal reflections and sand patterns in the seashore, almost always resulted in abstract and expressionist photographs, which I saved on my computer, just accepting shallow rewards from observers.
Photographing hidden details, like glass or metal reflections and sand patterns in the seashore, almost always resulted in abstract and expressionist photographs, which I saved on my computer, just accepting shallow rewards from observers. I enthusiastically continued my work, hoping my photos might someday result in some photographic “usefulness”.
And, like an explosion, we were all attacked by a virus. A pandemic enfolded the world and brought us solitude and disease, together with enough time to think and do some retrospection to examine emotional and creative processes.
Under these circumstances, I decided to revisit all my photographs, to focus on them with a critical attitude and to discern them anew. I found some interesting facts. My photos were mostly abstract. The photographic subjects were of short duration, ephemeral, and some were even impossible to see. Most importantly, I found a connecting thread within them which helped me realize that I had found what I had been committed to: my photographs responded heavily to my intuition, imagination and discovery of forms I had not seen nor known before. My camera, channelled by intuition, captured hidden worlds I had imagined and discovered. My photographs were impossible to reproduce because the ephemeral subjects soon disappeared, possibly gone forever. The photographs possessed little bits of my intuition, imagination and a lot of my discovery. I felt fortunate to find my artwork was innovative and creative enough to share with the photographic community.
This was when I decided to self-publish. I felt that if I managed to publish my photographs, I would give them “life” and “wings to fly”. Self-publishing seemed the best way. I started the project by deciding to use a simple format. I organized the photos by themes or intimate experiences and wrote bilingual texts of what I remembered about my feelings and creative processes at the time I made them. Enthusiasm was all over me. It took some writing, translation, editing, photo selecting and proofreading. My project resulted in a bilingual photo book titled “Intimate Experiences - Photography of the Ephemeral”. It contains 108 color photographic images, 97 pages organised in 7 seven themes, and bilingual texts about my thoughts, feelings, and sorrows.
The project was not economically motivated but mainly as an intent to give my artwork some needed exposure. This is why I have sent an independent copy of the photo book to whom I consider extraordinary photographers, artists, art philosophers and Institutions. (Bullock Foundation, Circle Foundation for the Arts, Aperture, On Landscape, Lenswork and also, Bruce Barnbaum, Guy Tal, Juan Carlos Jorge, Keith Beven, and others.)
Self-publishing seemed the best way. I started the project by deciding to use a simple format. I organized the photos by themes or intimate experiences and wrote bilingual texts of what I remembered about my feelings and creative processes at the time I made them. Enthusiasm was all over me.
I want to share some afterthoughts about including texts in the photographs. Text about the artist's feelings will help observers relate to the artwork. Personal texts will facilitate the observer's experience of the information contained in the artwork, thus, enhancing the understanding of the artwork. For years photographic art has been presented in galleries, photo books and museums without any type of expressive resource from the artist except the visual itself and a title. It has been widely accepted that photographic art is a visual art and that visual information is all that is needed to “understand” the photograph; this seems not enough to me.
If we give a quick look and compare photographic art and film art, we soon acknowledge that both are visual arts. Nevertheless, film art uses plenty of resources, besides the visual, like: script writing, acting, vast editing, music, dialogue, text and even language translations, all of which are meant to provide the observer with a profound experience and enjoyment of the complexities of the film; whereas artistic photographs’ expressive resources are painfully limited to the visual and perhaps a title. Why not procure an enjoyment of the complexities of photographic art where artists also share their intense feelings? Film art has been able to mix several arts to end up with a more intimate understanding of the artist’s intention and expression. At its origins, films were silent and markedly limiting. Film art has evolved, bringing about a more profound viewer understanding of the film. Why should photographic art pursuers limit their artwork only to the visual? Why has photographic art limited itself, both in the processing and in the exposure resources? Photographic art needs to expand “its wings” and incorporate some resources. I may suggest artists’ intimate texts can be one of them.
Let me share a vivid example of the benefits of including text in the art photographs. A dear friend called me asking to please “explain” one of my sand photos he saw on the Internet. I understood he was not in need of an “explanation” per se, but rather some personal sharing of my “what and whys” when I made the photo. I invited him for lunch and, once there, limited myself to reading the following text about my feelings about sand and water:
“I love the sand and the water. I learned to love them when I was little when I spent summers on a beautiful uninhabited small island… The sand and the water represented maximum freedom for me. I enjoyed them as I pleased. I would… sleep on the sand stargazing. There I lived days of freedom and wildlife.
Later, responding to the call of the sea, I lived very close to the beach. There I discovered the continuous and changing 'symbiotic' relationship between the sand and the water. I searched for details at different beaches and realised they didn't last long, but I was convinced there was much to be photographed.
Later, responding to the call of the sea, I lived very close to the beach. There I discovered the continuous and changing 'symbiotic' relationship between the sand and the water. I searched for details at different beaches and realised they didn't last long, but I was convinced there was much to be photographed.
I was cautiously searching for the moment when the water would meet the sand. It amazed me to think that a small splash of water, on the crest of a wave, had crossed the entire Atlantic Ocean to finally reach those grains of sand. The water would reach that point, wet the sand and, once again, return to the sea. It felt like a fantasy. I imagined that encounter as "an immense kiss”… the water was kissing the sand. It seemed like an epic poem that only true love could endure.
That is how, to me, all designs and patterns on the sand became metaphoric testimonies of great love. Perhaps this explains why I photographed this moment so passionately and even found their sensuality.
That is how I felt them. That is how I experienced them.
In the face of such exuberance, the patterns and designs left by the water on the sand,… became my favourite ephemeral subjects. For many years I photographed them, and they have always produced in me feelings of love, awe and humility. I hope you can perceive these feelings in my photographs and can rejoice in them.
When I finished reading, all he muttered was “It is unfair to observe art not knowing the inside information… we miss so much!”
Today I am satisfied for having been stubborn, for having followed my “expressive instinct”, for having self-published, for having included texts, and for having dedicated the book to: “my photographs” because…“by publishing them I give them life… and through them I live.”
For me, the camera is a sketch book, an instrument of intuition and spontaneity, the master of the instant which – in visual terms – questions and decides simultaneously. In order to "give a meaning" to the world, one has to feel oneself involved in what he frames through the viewfinder. This attitude requires concentration, a discipline of mind, sensitivity, and a sense of geometry. It is by great economy of means that one arrives at simplicity of expression. One must always take photos with the greatest respect for the subject and for oneself.~Henri Cartier-Bresson
When Charlotte emailed me with a request to write an End Frame article, I was delighted and concerned at the same time. I was delighted to have an opportunity to write for On Landscape, which I have been enjoying for many years. I was concerned because I had to make the difficult choice of picking one photo out of many that I can think of to write about. After some thinking and looking through some of my favourite photo books, I decided to talk about a relatively less known photographer from Korea and the US – Johsel Namkung (1919-2013). He was born in Korea in 1919 and moved to the US in 1947.
The first time I was exposed to his work was through the book, Johsel Namkung, A Retrospective, from Cosgrove Editions (2012). It is a beautifully done large size photo book that I would recommend to anyone interested in landscape photography. I found two particular aspects of Joshel's work that resonated with my own interests. The first is his close up images of the natural world, similar to Eliot Porter’s "intimate landscape”, for which I had a natural fondness.
Welcome to our 4x4 feature, which is a set of four mini landscape photography portfolios which has been submitted for publishing. Each portfolio consists of four images related in some way.
Due to their magnificent and exotic landscapes, Iceland and the Arctic regions, in general, are the favourite regions for landscape photographers from all over the world. When I visited Iceland in winter a few years ago, I had all the panoramic views of iconic landmarks, frequently seen in publications, in my mind. Of course, some of them I visited and brought back beautiful pictures of them, too.
However, right from the start, I intended to use my stay in this fascinating country to take also or even primarily pictures with a different view. What actually fascinated me most during the tour was a hike on the Breiðamerkurjökull, a part of Europe's largest glacier Vatnajökull, and there the visit to different ice caves. The light shining through the ceiling of these caves makes the ice gleam in all different shades of blue. Together with the reflections from the concave structured walls of the caves, this gave rise to manifold details which finally made up the abstract pictures shown here.
This selection of images is from an autumn workshop in Washington’s Olympic National Park that was led by the inimitable photographer Art Wolfe. I have visited and photographed in several of America’s National Parks, but this was my first visit to Olympic. The theme of this workshop centred around identifying and capturing artistic elements in a scene, such as pattern, line, texture, and movement.
The dense and complex temperate rainforest of Olympic, the rain-saturated colours, and the diffused light provided a fertile canvas for creating intimate landscapes as well as experimenting with both abstract and representational compositions. Encountering such an overwhelming and complex environment, one needs to slow down and observe for a while until the images present themselves, then work through various compositions and exposures. The four images I present here are intended to provide just a small glimpse of the magnitude of photographic opportunities in this wonderful location.
As a Sri Lankan immigrant to the United Kingdom, I have had a broad range of political, social, and cultural experiences. Since 2007, I've only visited Sri Lanka twice. As a result, my memory of certain locations in Sri Lanka, particularly my village, is fading. In this work, I'm striving to recollect this memory and feeling of being there.
As I'm still finding it difficult to adapt to the English way of living and the atmosphere of this place, this endeavour can sometimes result in agonising pain. I regularly wake up very early in the morning for an extra paper round job I’ve taken, which allows me to walk through the village where I live at that special time when the night becomes a dawn. In this contemplative silence and solitude, looking at the quintessential English countryside landscape, I’m often transported, or actively search to evoke memories of my disappearing Sri Lanka; the photographs become dream paintings, simultaneously real and imagined. Although it can be a bitter-sweet process, it calms me down for a moment.
While out photographing British landscapes, I devote a significant amount of time attempting to see things in a less literal way. This is the time when I consider all the different factors and components. I am persuaded that this is an important part of my image-capture process. The tools and techniques used in each project or series vary, but the image's perspective, cinematic, and passion remain consistent. My work is distinguished by a classic and dreamy performance in which the imperfections of the subject, camera, or technique are frequently highlighted as an indispensable part of the image.
Horse Play is a visual metaphor disseminated across four photos, each composed of the subtlety to be found only in the stillness of nature. A state of grace, of existence and being without thought - without concept of any past or future - only the present, the eternal now. It is this infinite and boundless state that excites me as a nature photographer to magnify that stillness for my audience to (also) be witness to the stillness and grace of nature itself.
Alister Benn is Scottish by birth and has lived in the Highlands of Scotland for quite some time. Firstly on the Isle of Skye and latterly in mainland Lochaber. And yet his first book is a deep dive project into the remote Gobi desert in Northern China. The dislocation at first seems surprising, but as we dig a little deeper, it’s this distance that has allowed Alister to discover something new about himself and his photography. Out of Darkness is a story of “the meaning of a life and the story of a life of meaning.” A look at how the abstract can become a catalyst for creativity and change.
The subject of Alister’s project, abstract sand dune photography, isn’t a novel one. Photographers have been fascinated by the fluidity and abstract nature of the desert, where the shapes of the dunes drift and reform as the wind carries the sand across the landscape. Since the early 20th Century, photographers such as Ansel Adams, Imogen Cunningham, Georgia O’Keefe and Edward Weston have visited the US desert landscape and found their own abstract vision of the land. The desert dune environment in the US is now a ‘must visit’ iconic location, and some of the sense of isolation must have been lost over time.
Over the space of a few years and repeated trips, Alister had developed a new approach to photography. His Expressive Photography breaks down to luminosity, contrast, colour, geometry, and atmosphere, and these aspects show quite clearly in his project.
You can’t say the same for the subject of Alister’s desert environment. The Chinese Gobi Desert is about as far removed from the US as you can imagine, both geographically and culturally. Alister lived in China for over a decade, but it was only when he returned on specific photography trips that the environment changed his whole outlook on photography. Prior to this, most of his work was of the heroic Western modality; dramatic landscapes of mountains, canyons and gorges. Over the space of a few years and repeated trips, Alister had developed a new approach to photography. His Expressive Photography breaks down to luminosity, contrast, colour, geometry, and atmosphere, and these aspects show quite clearly in his project.
The core idea of the project is an exploration of the dune environment and its changing tones and colours throughout the day as a metaphor for Alister’s personal enlightenment and development. It’s a simple idea, start with dark images taken during night or twilight and gradually explore the transition to full sunlight. As with anything, though, the devil is in the details. The images included in the book are as good as any dune photographs I’ve seen, and the sequencing and visual journey slowly draws you out of the darkness of night, through the twilight and on to the full illumination of the day.
As I browse, the images flow past me, sometimes surprising, sometimes expected. Often striking like the blast of colour or light or intriguing, a hidden bush in the shade of a dune.
As for the book itself, it’s exquisitely printed in Italy, and the design is simple and minimal, letting the images do their work - a testament to Darren Ciolli-Leach’s experience. As I browse, the images flow past me, sometimes surprising, sometimes expected. Often striking, like the blast of colour or light or intriguing, a hidden bush in the shade of a dune. I was initially of the opinion that there were perhaps too many images in the book but on repeated browsing, I can see how the experience of transition from one image to the next is like the meditative state of observing the dunes as the light changes and new forms are seen. Naturally, there will be highlights, just as we might recognise the visually ‘cool’ scenes, but we’ll also see moments of normal beauty. The world isn’t spectacular day in and day out. There are a few moments in the book that I’m not sure about. Facing images that are just crops of each other or the section where the images are rotated ninety degrees. But I’m being picky, and perhaps I’m not recognising something (possibly a Wabi Sabi Easter Egg!?)
Overall, I can highly recommend Alister’s first book. It is so much more than a typical ‘best of’ album or geographical exploration that many photographers’ books deliver. I would love to see more ‘deep-dive’ photographic projects such as this.
You can buy Alister’s book from his website, and he’s very kindly shared a 10% discount on the standard and deluxe books using the discount codes ‘STANDARD10’ and ‘DELUXE10’.